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| 2. |
- Aradi, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Platelet function testing in acute cardiac care - is there a role for prediction or prevention of stent thrombosis and bleeding?
- 2015
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In: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 113:2, s. 221-230
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The role of platelet function testing in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention remains controversial despite the fact that high platelet reactivity is an independent predictor of stent thrombosis and emerging evidence suggests also a link between low platelet reactivity and bleeding. In this expert opinion paper, the Study Group on Biomarkers in Cardiology of the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association and the Working Group on Thrombosis of the European Society of Cardiology aim to provide an overview of current evidence in this area and recommendations for practicing clinicians.
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| 3. |
- Bolin, Kristian, et al.
(author)
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Characteristics of finasteride users in comparison with non-users: a Nordic nationwide study based on individual-level data from Denmark, Finland, and Sweden
- 2020
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In: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. - : Wiley. - 1053-8569 .- 1099-1557. ; 29:4, s. 453-460
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Published epidemiological studies on the association between finasterideuse and the risk of male breast cancer have been inconclusive due to methodologicallimitations including a few male breast cancer cases included. Determinants of malebreast cancer have been studied, but it remains unexplored whether these are alsorelated to finasteride use and thereby constitute potential confounders. This studyaimed to assess whether there are differences between finasteride users andnonusers with regard to numerous potential confounders.Methods: In total, 246 508 finasteride users (≥35 years) were identified in the pre-scription registries of Denmark (1995-2014), Finland (1997-2013), and Sweden(2005-2014). An equal number of nonusers were sampled. The directed acyclic graph(DAG) methodology was used to identify potential confounders for the associationbetween finasteride and male breast cancer. A logistic regression model comparedfinasteride users and nonusers with regard to potential confounders that were mea-surable in registries and population surveys.Results: Finasteride users had higher odds of testicular abnormalities (odds ratio[OR] 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36-1.44), obesity (1.31; 1.23-1.39), exoge-nous testosterone (1.61; 1.48-1.74), radiation exposure (1.22; 1.18-1.27), and diabe-tes (1.07; 1.04-1.10) and lower odds of occupational exposure in perfume industry orin high temperature environments (0.93; 0.87-0.99), living alone (0.89; 0.88-0.91), liv-ing in urban/suburban areas (0.97; 0.95-0.99), and physical inactivity (0.70;0.50-0.99) compared to nonusers.Conclusions: Systematic differences between finasteride users and nonusers werefound emphasizing the importance of confounder adjustment of associationsbetween finasteride and male breast cancer.
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| 4. |
- Bueno, Hector, et al.
(author)
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Report of the European Society of Cardiology Cardiovascular Round Table regulatory workshop update of the evaluation of new agents for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome : Executive summary
- 2019
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In: European Heart Journal. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 8:8, s. 745-754
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Regulatory authorities interpret the results of randomized controlled trials according to published principles. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) is planning a revision of the 2000 and 2003 guidance documents on clinical investigation of new medicinal products for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) to achieve consistency with current knowledge in the field. This manuscript summarizes the key output from a collaborative workshop, organized by the Cardiovascular Round Table and the European Affairs Committee of the European Society of Cardiology, involving clinicians, academic researchers, trialists, European and US regulators, and pharmaceutical industry researchers. Specific questions in four key areas were selected as priorities for changes in regulatory guidance: patient selection, endpoints, methodologic issues and issues related to the research for novel agents. Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) should be studied separately for therapies aimed at the specific pathophysiology of either condition, particularly for treatment of the acute phase, but can be studied together for other treatments, especially long-term therapy. Unstable angina patients should be excluded from acute phase ACS trials. In general, cardiovascular death and reinfarction are recommended for primary efficacy endpoints; other endpoints may be considered if specifically relevant for the therapy under study. New agents or interventions should be tested against a background of evidence-based therapy with expanded follow-up for safety assessment. In conclusion, new guidance documents for randomized controlled trials in ACS should consider changes regarding patient and endpoint selection and definitions, and trial designs. Specific requirements for the evaluation of novel pharmacological therapies need further clarification.
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| 6. |
- Davidsson, Joel, et al.
(author)
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Absorption versus adsorption: high-throughput computation of impurities in 2D materials
- 2023
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In: npj 2D Materials and Applications. - 2397-7132. ; 7:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Doping of a two-dimensional (2D) material by impurity atoms occurs via two distinct mechanisms: absorption of the dopants by the 2D crystal or adsorption on its surface. To distinguish the relevant mechanism, we systematically dope 53 experimentally synthesized 2D monolayers by 65 different chemical elements in both absorption and adsorption sites. The resulting 17,598 doped monolayer structures were generated using the newly developed ASE DefectBuilder—a Python tool to set up point defects in 2D and bulk materials—and subsequently relaxed by an automated high-throughput density functional theory (DFT) workflow. We find that interstitial positions are preferred for small dopants with partially filled valence electrons in host materials with large lattice parameters. In contrast, adatoms are favored for dopants with a low number of valence electrons due to lower coordination of adsorption sites compared to interstitials. The relaxed structures, characterization parameters, defect formation energies, and magnetic moments (spins) are available in an open database to help advance our understanding of defects in 2D materials.
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| 7. |
- Giannitsis, Evangelos, et al.
(author)
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How to use D-dimer in acute cardiovascular care
- 2017
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In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2048-8726 .- 2048-8734. ; 6:1, s. 69-80
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- D-dimer testing is important to aid in the exclusion of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs), including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and it may be used to evaluate suspected aortic dissection. D-dimer is produced upon activation of the coagulation system with the generation and subsequent degradation of cross-linked fibrin by plasmin. Many different assays for D-dimer testing are currently used in routine care. However, these tests are neither standardized nor harmonized. Consequently, only clinically validated assays and assay specific decision limits should be used for routine testing. For the exclusion of pulmonary embolism/deep vein thrombosis, age-adjusted cut-offs are recommend. Clinicians must be aware of the validated use of their hospital's D-dimer assay to avoid inappropriate use of this biomarker in routine care.
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| 8. |
- Hao, Xian, et al.
(author)
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Direct measurement and modulation of single-molecule coordinative bonding forces in a transition metal complex
- 2013
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723 .- 2041-1723. ; 4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Coordination chemistry has been a consistently active branch of chemistry since Werner’s seminal theory of coordination compounds inaugurated in 1893, with the central focus on transition metal complexes. However, control and measurement of metal–ligand interactions at the single-molecule level remain a daunting challenge. Here we demonstrate an interdisciplinary and systematic approach that enables measurement and modulation of the coordinative bonding forces in a transition metal complex. Terpyridine is derived with a thiol linker, facilitating covalent attachment of this ligand on both gold substrate surfaces and gold-coated atomic force microscopy tips. The coordination and bond breaking between terpyridine and osmium are followed in situ by electrochemically controlled atomic force microscopy at the single-molecule level. The redox state of the central metal atom is found to have a significant impact on the metal–ligand interactions. The present approach represents a major advancement in unravelling the nature of metal–ligand interactions and could have broad implications in coordination chemistry.
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| 10. |
- Hjorth Larsen, Ask, et al.
(author)
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The atomic simulation environment-a Python library for working with atoms
- 2017
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In: Journal of Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 29:27
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The atomic simulation environment (ASE) is a software package written in the Python programming language with the aim of setting up, steering, and analyzing atomistic simulations. In ASE, tasks are fully scripted in Python. The powerful syntax of Python combined with the NumPy array library make it possible to perform very complex simulation tasks. For example, a sequence of calculations may be performed with the use of a simple 'for-loop' construction. Calculations of energy, forces, stresses and other quantities are performed through interfaces to many external electronic structure codes or force fields using a uniform interface. On top of this calculator interface, ASE provides modules for performing many standard simulation tasks such as structure optimization, molecular dynamics, handling of constraints and performing nudged elastic band calculations.
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