| 1. |
- Luckrin, J. M., et al.
(author)
-
A synthesis of hybrid RANS/LES CFD results for F-16XL aircraft aerodynamics
- 2015
-
In: 33rd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). - 9781624103636
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A synthesis is presented of recent numerical predictions for the F-16XL aircraft flow fields and aerodynamics. The computational results were all performed with hybrid RANS/LES formulations, with an emphasis on unsteady flows and subsequent aerodynamics, and results from five computational methods are included. The work was focused on one particular low-speed, high angle-of-attack flight test condition, and comparisons against flight-test data are included. This work represents the third coordinated effort using the F-16XL aircraft, and a unique flight-test data set, to advance our knowledge of slender airframe aerodynamics as well as our capability for predicting these aerodynamics with advanced CFD formulations. The prior efforts were identified as Cranked Arrow Wing Aerodynamics Project International, with the acronyms CAWAPI and CAWAPI-2.
|
|
| 2. |
- Luckring, James M., et al.
(author)
-
Synthesis of Hybrid Computational Fluid Dynamics Results for F-16XL Aircraft Aerodynamics
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Aircraft. - 0021-8669 .- 1533-3868. ; 54:6, s. 2100-2114
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A synthesis is presented of recent numerical predictions for the F-16XL aircraft flowfields and aerodynamics. The computational analyses were all performed with hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes/large-eddy simulation formulations, with an emphasis on unsteady flows and associated aerodynamics, and results from five computational methods are included. The work focused on one particular low-speed high angle-of-attack flight-test condition, and comparisons against flight-test data are included. This work represents the third coordinated effort using the F-16XL aircraft, and a unique flight-test dataset, to advance the knowledge of slender airframe aerodynamics as well as the capability for predicting these aerodynamics with advanced computational fluid dynamics formulations. The prior efforts were identified as the Cranked-Arrow Wing Aerodynamics Project International.
|
|
| 3. |
- Quintero, E M, et al.
(author)
-
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor is essential for neuronal survival in the locus coeruleus-hippocampal noradrenergic pathway.
- 2004
-
In: Neuroscience. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4522. ; 124:1, s. 137-46
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It has been shown that the noradrenergic (NE) locus coeruleus (LC)-hippocampal pathway plays an important role in learning and memory processing, and that the development of this transmitter pathway is influenced by neurotrophic factors. Although some of these factors have been discovered, the regulatory mechanisms for this developmental event have not been fully elucidated. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a potent neurotrophic factor influencing LC-NE neurons. We have utilized a GDNF knockout animal model to explore its function on the LC-NE transmitter system during development, particularly with respect to target innervation. By transplanting various combinations of brainstem (including LC) and hippocampal tissues from wildtype or GDNF knockout fetuses into the brains of adult wildtype mice, we demonstrate that normal postnatal development of brainstem LC-NE neurons is disrupted as a result of the GDNF null mutation. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry revealed that brainstem grafts had markedly reduced number and size of LC neurons in transplants from knockout fetuses. NE fiber innervation into the hippocampal co-transplant from an adjacent brainstem graft was also influenced by the presence of GDNF, with a significantly more robust innervation observed in transplants from wildtype fetuses. The most successful LC/hippocampal co-grafts were generated from fetuses expressing the wildtype GDNF background, whereas the most severely affected transplants were derived from double transplants from null-mutated fetuses. Our data suggest that development of the NE LC-hippocampal pathway is dependent on the presence of GDNF, most likely through a target-derived neurotrophic function.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Barrett, Elizabeth, et al.
(author)
-
The child and adolescent psychiatry: study of training in Europe (CAP-STATE)
- 2020
-
In: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : SPRINGER. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 29:1, s. 11-27
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is great cultural diversity across Europe. This is reflected in the organisation of child and adolescent mental health (CAMH) services and the training of the respective professionals in different countries in Europe. Patients and their parents will want a high quality, knowledgeable, and skillful service from child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAPs) wherever they see them in Europe. A European comparison of training programs allows all stakeholders in different European countries to assess the diversity and to initiate discussions as to the introduction of improvements within national training programs. Major issues to be addressed in comparing child and adolescent psychiatric training programs across Europe include: (1) formal organisation and content of training programs and the relationship to adult psychiatry and paediatrics; (2) flexibility of training, given different trainee interests and that many trainees will have young families; (3) quality of governance of training systems; (4) access to research; and (5) networking. The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry-Study of Training in Europe (CAP-State) is a survey of training for child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAPs) across European countries. It aims to revisit and extend the survey carried out in 2006 by Karabekiroglu and colleagues. The current article is embedded in a special issue of European Child + Adolescent Psychiatry attempting to for the first time address training in CAP at the European and global levels. Structured information was sought from each of 38 European and neighboring countries (subsequently loosely referred to as Europe) and obtained from 31. The information was provided by a senior trainee or recently qualified specialist and their information was checked and supplemented by information from a senior child and adolescent psychiatry trainer. Results showed that there is a very wide range of provision of training in child and adolescent psychiatry in different countries in Europe. There remains very substantial diversity in training across Europe and in the degree to which it is subject to national oversight and governance. Some possible reasons for this variation are discussed and some recommendations made.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Mendenhall, M.R., et al.
(author)
-
Comparing and benchmarking engineering methods for the prediction of X-31 aerodynamics
- 2012
-
In: Aerospace Science and Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1270-9638 .- 1626-3219. ; 20:1, s. 12-20
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A number of useful engineering methods are available for fast and economic estimates of the aerodynamic characteristics of complex flight vehicles. This article investigates the application of three specific engineering methods to the X-31 fighter configuration, and CFD, wind tunnel, and flight test data are used for comparison and evaluation purposes. The emphasis is on static longitudinal stability aspects up to high angles of attack; however, selected asymmetric and unsteady effects are considered. Results from the engineering methods are in good agreement with experiment and CFD for angles of attack up to 15° for most cases and higher angles for some cases. Results for pitching moment are in good agreement with CFD, but many of the nonlinear characteristics of the airplane are not predicted by the engineering methods. The quality of the longitudinal stability results is discussed in terms of the prediction of the center of pressure on the vehicle. The results provide improved understanding of the continued usefulness of engineering methods as an analysis tool during the design phase and into the flight test diagnostic phase of a new aircraft.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Rizzi, Arthur, et al.
(author)
-
Hybrid RANS-LES simulations of F-16XL aircraft in low-speed high-alpha flight
- 2015
-
In: 33rd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. - 9781624103636
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article presents the comparisons of the results of the CFD study around the F-16XL CAWAPI configuration for flight condition FC25: M∞ = 0:24, α = 19:8°, β = 0°, Re = 32:2M. Previous work has established this case of high angle of attack flight as an outlier in the sense that the computed pressure distributions compared less favorably with those measured in flight tests than did similar comparisons for cases at lower angle of attack. One reason suggested for the discrepancy was that the flow over the outer wing panel was unsteady, possibly including vortex breakdown. This paper presents results computed time accurately with physical modeling that can capture such unsteady flow phenomena. The physical modeling employed is an innovative hybrid RANS-LES model termed HYB0. The simulations obtained are compared with those measured during flight testing of the vehicle as well as with results computed with RANS and URANS physical modeling. Although differences are found among all the results compared, they are not exceeding large. Further analysis of the results are presented, and conclusions are drawn.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
