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- Graetz, Georg, et al.
(author)
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Gender gap variation across assessment types : Explanations and implications
- 2022
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In: Economics of Education Review. - : Elsevier. - 0272-7757 .- 1873-7382. ; 91
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using Swedish population data, we document that girls outperform boys by a third of a standard deviation in school grades, whereas a gap of similar magnitude but opposite sign persists in SAT scores in the sample of non-randomly selected test takers. We establish that grades capture different attributes than SAT scores, which accounts for much of the variation in gender gaps. A model of SAT participation illustrates how women's greater participation-driven by traits not rewarded by higher scores-leads to their negative selection on observed and unobserved traits. We explore the quantitative importance of this mechanism and conclude that while selection is important, it fails to account for a substantial fraction of the gender gap in SAT scores, suggesting the possibility that the SAT penalizes women.
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