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  • Result 151-160 of 182
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151.
  • Avni, G., et al. (author)
  • Computing scores of forwarding schemes in switched networks with probabilistic faults
  • 2017
  • In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 10206. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Verlag. - 9783662545799 ; , s. 169-187
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Time-triggered switched networks are a deterministic communication infrastructure used by real-time distributed embedded systems. Due to the criticality of the applications running over them, developers need to ensure that end-to-end communication is dependable and predictable. Traditional approaches assume static networks that are not flexible to changes caused by reconfigurations or, more importantly, faults, which are dealt with in the application using redundancy. We adopt the concept of handling faults in the switches from non-real-time networks while maintaining the required predictability. We study a class of forwarding schemes that can handle various types of failures. We consider probabilistic failures. For a given network with a forwarding scheme and a constant ℓ, we compute the score of the scheme, namely the probability (induced by faults) that at least ℓ messages arrive on time. We reduce the scoring problem to a reachability problem on a Markov chain with a “product-like” structure. Its special structure allows us to reason about it symbolically, and reduce the scoring problem to #SAT. Our solution is generic and can be adapted to different networks and other contexts. Also, we show the computational complexity of the scoring problem is #P-complete, and we study methods to estimate the score. We evaluate the effectiveness of our techniques with an implementation.
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152.
  • Bano, AS, et al. (author)
  • Genetic and functional characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 VprC variants from north India: presence of unique recombinants with mosaic genomes from B, C and D subtypes within the open reading frame of Vpr
  • 2009
  • In: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1465-2099 .- 0022-1317. ; 90:Pt 11, s. 2768-2776
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic in India is predominantly caused by genetic subtype C, though other minor subtypes have also been reported. One of the major accessory proteins of HIV-1, namely Vpr, is known to influence key steps in viral replication, cell cycle progression, promoter activation, apoptosis and pathogenesis. Therefore, we carried out a genetic and functional analysis of the Vpr variants from eight HIV-1-infected individuals from north India. The sequence analyses revealed that six of eight samples clustered with ancestral subtype C. Remarkably, five of these showed a conserved and region-specific L64P mutation, located in the predicted third α-helix. This change adversely affected their ability to activate the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter without compromising their ability to cause apoptosis. Bootscan, phylogenetic and SimPlot analysis of the remaining two samples (VprS2 and A6) revealed very interesting mosaic genomes derived from B, C and D subtypes. The N-terminal half of the VprS2 gene consisted of genomic segments derived from subtypes B/D, C and D but the C-terminal half was derived predominantly from subtype C. Interestingly the N-terminal half of sample A6 also showed similar B/D, C and D inter-subtype recombinant structure but the C-terminal half was entirely derived from the consensus B subtype. Multiple breakpoints in a short stretch of 291 nt encoding the Vpr gene strongly suggest that this region is a potential hot-spot for the formation of inter-subtype recombinants and also highlight the importance of the rapidly evolving HIV-1 epidemic in the north Indian region due to multiple genetic subtypes.
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153.
  • Bhutta, MF, et al. (author)
  • A mouse-to-man candidate gene study identifies association of chronic otitis media with the loci TGIF1 and FBXO11
  • 2017
  • In: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 7:1, s. 12496-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) is the most common cause of hearing loss in children, and known to have high heritability. Mutant mouse models have identified Fbxo11, Evi1, Tgif1, and Nisch as potential risk loci. We recruited children aged 10 and under undergoing surgical treatment for COME from 35 hospitals in the UK, and their nuclear family. We performed association testing with the loci FBXO11, EVI1, TGIF1 and NISCH and sought to replicate significant results in a case-control cohort from Finland. We tested 1296 families (3828 individuals), and found strength of association with the T allele at rs881835 (p = 0.006, OR 1.39) and the G allele at rs1962914 (p = 0.007, OR 1.58) at TGIF1, and the A allele at rs10490302 (p = 0.016, OR 1.17) and the G allele at rs2537742 (p = 0.038, OR 1.16) at FBXO11. Results were not replicated. This study supports smaller studies that have also suggested association of otitis media with polymorphism at FBX011, but this is the first study to report association with the locus TGIF1. Both FBX011 and TGIF1 are involved in TGF-β signalling, suggesting this pathway may be important in the transition from acute to chronic middle ear inflammation, and a potential molecular target.
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154.
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155.
  • Connelly, Sean, V, et al. (author)
  • Strong isolation by distance and evidence of population microstructure reflect ongoing Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Zanzibar
  • 2024
  • In: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 12
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: The Zanzibar archipelago of Tanzania has become a low-transmission area for Plasmodium falciparum. Despite being considered an area of pre-elimination for years, achieving elimination has been difficult, likely due to a combination of imported infections from mainland Tanzania and continued local transmission. Methods: To shed light on these sources of transmission, we applied highly multiplexed genotyping utilizing molecular inversion probes to characterize the genetic relatedness of 282 P. falciparum isolates collected across Zanzibar and in Bagamoyo district on the coastal mainland from 2016 to 2018. Results: Overall, parasite populations on the coastal mainland and Zanzibar archipelago remain highly related. However, parasite isolates from Zanzibar exhibit population microstructure due to the rapid decay of parasite relatedness over very short distances. This, along with highly related pairs within shehias, suggests ongoing low-level local transmission. We also identified highly related parasites across shehias that reflect human mobility on the main island of Unguja and identified a cluster of highly related parasites, suggestive of an outbreak, in the Micheweni district on Pemba island. Parasites in asymptomatic infections demonstrated higher complexity of infection than those in symptomatic infections, but have similar core genomes. Conclusions: Our data support importation as a main source of genetic diversity and contribution to the parasite population in Zanzibar, but they also show local outbreak clusters where targeted interventions are essential to block local transmission. These results highlight the need for preventive measures against imported malaria and enhanced control measures in areas that remain receptive to malaria reemergence due to susceptible hosts and competent vectors.
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156.
  • Cooray, S., et al. (author)
  • Anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment for the prevention of ischaemic events in patients with deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2)
  • 2021
  • In: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0324 .- 1462-0332. ; 60:9, s. 4373-4378
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Objective To evaluate the impact of anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (anti-TNF) treatment on the occurrence of vasculitic ischaemic events in patients with deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2). Methods A retrospective analysis of DADA2 patients referred from six centres to Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children was conducted. Ischaemic events, vasculitic disease activity, biochemical, immunological, and radiological features were compared, before and after anti-TNF treatment. Results A total of 31 patients with genetically confirmed DADA2 were included in the study. The median duration of active disease activity prior to anti-TNF treatment was 73months (inter-quartile range [IQR] 27.5-133.5months). Twenty seven/31 patients received anti-TNF treatment for a median of 32months (IQR 12.0-71.5months). The median event rate of central nervous system (CNS) and non-CNS ischemic events before anti-TNF treatment was 2.37 per 100 patient-months (IQR 1.25-3.63); compared with 0.00 per 100 patient-months (IQR 0.0-0.0) post-treatment (p< 0.0001). Paediatric vasculitis activity score (PVAS) was also significantly reduced: median score of 20/63 (IQR 13.0-25.8/63) pre-treatment vs. 2/63 (IQR 0.0-3.8/63) following anti-TNF treatment (p< 0.0001), with mild livedoid rash being the main persisting feature. Anti-TNF treatment was not effective for severe immunodeficiency or bone marrow failure, which required haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Conclusion Anti-TNF treatment significantly reduced the incidence of ischaemic events and other vasculitic manifestations of DADA2, but was not effective for immunodeficiency or bone marrow failure.
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157.
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158.
  • Goel, Bhavishya, 1981, et al. (author)
  • A Methodology for Modeling Dynamic and Static Power Consumption
  • 2016
  • In: Proceedings - 2016 IEEE 30th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2016. - 9781509021406 ; , s. 273-282
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • System designers and application programmers must consider trade-offs between performance and energy. Making energy-aware decisions when designing an application or runtime system requires quantitative information about power consumed by different processor components. We present a methodology to model static and dynamic power consumption of individual cores and the uncore components, and we validate our power model for both sequential and parallel benchmarks at different voltage-frequency pairs on an Intel Haswell platform.Our power models yield the following insights about energy-efficient scaling. (1) We show that uncore energy accounts for up to 74% of total energy. In particular, uncore static energy can be as high as 61% of total energy, potentially making it a major source of energy inefficiency. (2) We find that the frequency at which an application expends the lowest energy depends on how memory-bound it is. (3) We demonstrate that even though using more cores may improve performance, the energy consumed by stalled cores during serial portions of the program can make using fewer cores more energy-efficient.
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159.
  • Goel, Bhavishya, 1981, et al. (author)
  • Infrastructures for Measuring Power
  • 2011
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Energy-aware resource management requires some means of measuring power consumption. We present three approaches to measuring processor power. The easiest, least intrusive places a power meter between the system and power outlet. Unfortunately, this provides a single system measurement, and acuity is limited by device sampling frequency. Another method samples power at PSU voltage outputs using current transducers. This logs consumption separately per component, but requires custom hardware and an expensive analog acquisition device. A more accurate alternative samples power directly at the processor voltage regulator’s current-sensing pin, but requires motherboard intrusion. We explain implementation of each approach step-by-step.
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160.
  • Goel, Bhavishya, 1981, et al. (author)
  • Performance and energy analysis of the restricted transactional memory implementation on haswell
  • 2014
  • In: Proceedings of the International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS. - 2332-1237. - 9780769552071 ; , s. 615-624
  • Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Hardware transactional memory implementations are becoming increasingly available. For instance, the Intel Core i7 4770 implements Restricted Transactional Memory (RTM) support for Intel Transactional Synchronization Extensions (TSX). In this paper, we present a detailed evaluation of RTM performance and energy expenditure. We compare RTM behavior to that of the TinySTM software transactional memory system, first by running micro benchmarks, and then by running the STAMP benchmark suite. We find that which system performs better depends heavily on the workload characteristics. We then conduct a case study of two STAMP applications to assess the impact of programming style on RTM performance and to investigate what kinds of software optimizations can help overcome RTM's hardware limitations.
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  • Result 151-160 of 182
Type of publication
journal article (159)
conference paper (17)
reports (1)
other publication (1)
book chapter (1)
Type of content
peer-reviewed (166)
other academic/artistic (13)
Author/Editor
Goel, A. (60)
Goel, N. (48)
Watkins, H (45)
Gerl, J. (41)
Boutachkov, P. (40)
Gorska, M. (38)
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Pietri, S. (37)
Schaffner, H. (37)
Hamsten, A (36)
Wollersheim, H.J. (36)
Kurz, N (35)
Kojouharov, I. (35)
Domingo-Pardo, C (33)
Nociforo, C. (32)
Prochazka, A. (31)
Weick, H. (30)
Gottardo, A. (29)
Regan, P. H. (28)
Rudolph, Dirk (27)
Farinon, F. (27)
Grebosz, J. (27)
Podolyak, Zs. (26)
Farrall, Martin (25)
Hayward, C. (25)
Farrall, M. (24)
Samani, NJ (24)
Boerwinkle, E (23)
Samani, Nilesh J. (23)
Boehnke, M (23)
Loos, RJF (22)
Lind, Lars (22)
Wareham, Nicholas J. (22)
Engert, T. (22)
Clarke, R (22)
Hoischen, Robert (22)
Erdmann, J. (21)
Groop, Leif (21)
Psaty, BM (21)
Gieger, Christian (21)
Wilson, JF (21)
Wareham, NJ (21)
Gieger, C (21)
van der Harst, P (21)
Langenberg, C. (20)
van Duijn, CM (20)
Uitterlinden, AG (20)
Valiente-Dobón, J. J ... (20)
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Campbell, H (20)
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University
Karolinska Institutet (100)
Lund University (92)
Uppsala University (64)
University of Gothenburg (25)
Umeå University (24)
Royal Institute of Technology (11)
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Chalmers University of Technology (11)
Stockholm University (5)
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Mid Sweden University (3)
Örebro University (2)
Linköping University (2)
Mälardalen University (1)
Stockholm School of Economics (1)
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Language
English (182)
Research subject (UKÄ/SCB)
Medical and Health Sciences (79)
Natural sciences (61)
Engineering and Technology (6)

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