| 11. |
- Li, Hairong, et al.
(author)
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Hole-Transporting Small Molecules Based on Thiophene Cores for High Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells
- 2014
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 7:12, s. 3420-3425
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two new electron-rich molecules, 2,3,4,5-tetra[4,4'-bis(methoxyphenyl)aminophen-4 ''-yl]-thiophene (H111) and 4,4',5,5'-tetra[4,4'-bis(methoxyphenyl) aminophen-4 ''-yl]-2,2'-bithiophene (H112), which contain thiophene cores with arylamine side groups, are reported. When used as the hole-transporting material (HTM) in perovskite-based solar cell devices, power conversion efficiencies of up to 15.4% under AM 1.5G solar simulation were obtained. This is the highest efficiency achieved with HTMs not composed of 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N'-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) and its isomers. Both HTMs, especially H111, have great potential to replace expensive spiro-OMeTAD given their much simpler and less expensive syntheses.
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| 12. |
- Palesi, Maurizio, et al.
(author)
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Message from the Chairs
- 2015
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In: Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Network on Chip Architectures. - : Association for Computing Machinery.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 13. |
- Tejedo, Miguel, et al.
(author)
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Contrasting effects of environmental factors during larval stage on morphological plasticity in post-metamorphic frogs
- 2010
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In: Climate Research (CR). - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0936-577X .- 1616-1572. ; 43:1-2, s. 31-39
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In organisms with complex life cycles, environmentally induced plasticity across sequential stages can have important consequences on morphology and life history traits such as developmental and growth rates. However, previous research in amphibians and other ectothermic vertebrates suggests that some morphological traits are generally insensitive to environmental inductions. We conducted a literature survey to examine the allometric responses in relative hind leg length and head shape of post-metamorphic anuran amphibians to induced environmental (temperature, resource level, predation and desiccation risk) variation operating during the larval phase in 44 studies using 19 species. To estimate and compare plastic responses across studies, we employed both an index of plasticity and effect sizes from a meta-analysis. We found contrasting trait responses to different environmental cues. Higher temperatures increased development more than growth rate and induced smaller heads but not overall shifts in hind leg length. In contrast, an increment in resource availability increased growth more than development, with a parallel increase in hind leg length but no change in head shape. Increases in predation risk decreased both development and growth rates and slightly reduced relative hind leg length, but there was no change in head shape. Pond desiccation induced quick development and low growth rates, with no changes in morphology. Across environments, both hind leg and head shape plasticity were positively correlated with growth rate plasticity. However, plasticity of developmental rate was only correlated with head shape plasticity. Overall, these results suggest that environmental trends predicted by global warming projections, such as increasing pond temperature and accelerating pond desiccation, will significantly influence hind leg and head morphology in metamorphic frogs, which may affect performance and, ultimately, fitness.
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| 14. |
- Woolhead, G., et al.
(author)
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"Tu" or "Vous?". A European qualitative study of dignity and communication with older people in health and social care settings
- 2006
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In: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 61:3, s. 363-371
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To examine the experiences of communication between older people and health and social care providers in six European countries. Methods: Focus groups were carried out with groups of older people (91 focus groups, 391 participants), and health and social care professionals (85 focus groups, 424 participants), in order to gain insights into concepts of good communications. Data collection and analysis continued concurrently according to the method of constant comparison. Results: Different styles of communication between professionals and older people were found to be capable of enhancing or jeopardising dignity. The use of appropriate forms of address, listening, giving people choice, including them, respecting their need for privacy and politeness, and making them feel valued emerged as significant ways to maintain older peoples' sense of self-worth and dignity. Despite being aware of good communication practices, health and social care professionals often failed to implement them. Lack of time, staff, resource scarcity, regulation and bureaucracy were cited as barriers, as was a lack of awareness and effort. Conclusions and practice implications: The findings have important implications for health and social care professionals when they engage with older people. © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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