| 11. |
- Jiang, Z. K, et al.
(author)
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Studies on radiative lifetimes in the 4d10ns2S and 4d10nd2D sequences of neutral silver
- 1990
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In: Zeitschrift für Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters. - 0178-7683. ; 17:1, s. 1-4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have performed lifetime measurements in the sequences of2S1/2 and2D3/2 states for the alkali-like 4d10 ns,nd configurations of neutral silver. Selective stepwise excitations from the 4d10 5s2S1/2 ground state were performed using two pulsed dye lasers. Optical transients were recorded and evaluated with regard to the decay time. The lifetime results are compared with those of a theoretical study in which a model potential has been used to describe the polarisation of the 4d shell.
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| 12. |
- Johannesson, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Valuing changes in health: theoretical and empirical issues
- 1995. - 1
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In: Current issues in environmental economics. - Manchester : Manchester University Press. - 0719038456 - 9780719038457 ; , s. 78-97
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Attempts to place a monetary value on health changes is an important field for both environmental economists and health economists. Typically, a change in environmental quality has direct or indirect impact on human health, which forces the environmental economist to try to assess the value of health changes. For the health economist, evaluating a medical treatment requires that the benefits of the treatment somehow are valued in monetary terms. In both cases risk or uncertainty pertains to the effects. A pollution treatment plant and a medical treatment both shift the probability that individuals will experience a particular health state.
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| 13. |
- Johannesson, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Willingness to pay for lipid lowering: a health production function approach
- 1993
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In: Applied economics. - : Chapman & Hall Ltd. - 1466-4283 .- 0003-6846. ; 25:8, s. 1023-1031
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This Paper reports the results of an experiment of measuring willingness to pay (WTP) for lipid lowering. WTP is derived from a theoretical model of health risk reductions, using a health production function approach. A survey of about 700 persons randomized into a lipid lowering trial in Sweden is used to estimate WTP. The willingness to give up time (WTGT) to take part in a lipid lowering programme is also measured in the survey, to assess its relationship to WTP. The response rates on the WTP and WTGT qusetions are 94% and 96%, respectively, and the patients are on average perpared to pay about Skr 350 per month or devote about 5 h of leisure time per week to get normal lipid levels. The Correlation of WTP and WTGT is 0.45 and highly significant. The results of regression of WTP and WTGT are in accordance with the theoretical predictions with a higher valuation for a greater perceived difference in health status with and without treatment. The income elasticity is also positive as expected.
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| 14. |
- Jonsson, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(author)
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Cell survival after Auger electron emission from stable intracellular indium exposed to monochromatic synchrotron radiation
- 1996
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In: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 35:7, s. 947-952
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The biological effect of Auger electrons emitted from indium in V79 cells was investigated. K-shell vacancies were induced by synchrotron x-rays. Two energies, 100 eV above and below the K-edge of indium, were used. The cell survival for controls was similar to that which has been reported by others, with D37 = 4.4 Gy. Indium-oxine-labelled cells exhibited a survival clearly below that of the controls, D37 = 3.2 Gy, but no significant difference in survival between irradiations above and below the K-edge could be observed. The explanation is, inter alia, that the number of photons interacting with indium atoms incorporated into the cell, is small compared with the number of photons interacting with other atoms in the cell. The toxicity of indium oxine made it impossible to incorporate a sufficient number of indium atoms into the cells to observe a difference in this study. However, monoenergetic irradiation above and below the K-edge, provides a technique for the investigation of basic biological effects of Auger processes.
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| 15. |
- Jönsson, Anders, 1959, et al.
(author)
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Local anesthetics improve dermal perfusion after burn injury.
- 1998
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In: The Journal of burn care & rehabilitation. - 0273-8481. ; 19:1 Pt 1, s. 50-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Deep partial-thickness burn injury was induced in the abdominal skin of anesthetized rats. Dermal perfusion was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry. In the first set of experiments, one group of rats (n = 15) was topically treated with a lidocaine-prilocaine cream 5% (25 mg of each in 1 g) for 6 hours, starting 5 minutes after inducing the burn injury. In one control group (n = 14), the thermal injury was treated with placebo cream. Results showed a markedly reduced perfusion in the skin of the control animals within the first hour after burn injury, with further decrease during the following 5 hours of observation. In animals treated with the lidocaine-prilocaine cream, skin perfusion in the burned area was significantly increased during the first 30 minutes after the burn injury compared to before the burn (p < 0.01), followed by a decrease to a level below the preburn stage but significantly higher than that of control animals during the first hour after burn injury (p < 0.05). As opposed to burned control animals, skin perfusion gradually recovered toward preburn levels at the end of the experiment in local anesthetic-treated animals. In the second experimental set, four groups of animals were burned and subsequently treated with a bolus dose of lidocaine intravenously (2 mg/kg), followed by continuous intravenous lidocaine infusions at a rate of 50 (n = 10), 100 (n = 11), or 150 (n = 10) micrograms.kg-1.min-1. The infusions were started 5 minutes after the burn injury and lasted for 6 hours. Corresponding volumes of saline solution were given to burned control animals (n = 10). Results showed a significantly improved skin perfusion in the lidocaine-treated group in a dose-response fashion as compared to control animals. A maximum improvement of dermal perfusion in the burned area was induced by intravenous lidocaine at an infusion rate of 150 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 as compared to burned controls treated with isotonic saline solution infusions (p < 0.01). Results showed that topical or systemic administration of local anesthetics can prevent progressive dermal ischemia after thermal injury.
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| 16. |
- Jönsson, Anders, 1959, et al.
(author)
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Topical local anaesthetics (EMLA) inhibit burn-induced plasma extravasation as measured by digital image colour analysis.
- 1998
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In: Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries. - 0305-4179. ; 24:4, s. 313-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Amide local anaesthetics have previously been shown to reduce oedema and improve dermal perfusion following experimental burns. Previous studies have used invasive techniques for burn oedema quantification which do not allow continuous monitoring in the same animal. The present study used digital image colour analysis to investigate the effect of topical local anaesthetics on burn-induced extravasation of Evans blue albumin. A standardised full-thickness burn injury (1 x 1 cm) was induced in the abdominal skin of anaesthetised rats. The burn area was subsequently covered with 0.5 g of lidocaine-prilocaine cream 5% (25 mg of each in 1 g; EMLA, ASTRA, Sweden) or placebo cream during the first hour post-burn. One hour after the burn trauma, animals received Evans blue dye intravenously. Skin colour appearances were recorded by macrophotography before the burn and 5, 60. 65, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min post-burn. Colour slides were digitised and colour changes were analysed using the normalised red-green-blue (n-rgb) colour system. Results showed a significant inhibition of Evans blue extravasation between 60 and 180 min post-burn in EMLA-treated animals versus controls. Topical local anaesthetics are potent inhibitors of burn-induced plasma albumin extravasation, probably by direct action on vascular permeability and by inhibition of various steps of the pathophysiological response after burn injury.
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