| 11. |
- Andersson, Lars Fredrik, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Life insurance and income growth : the case of Sweden 1830-1950
- 2010
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In: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Routledge. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 58:3, s. 203-219
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we provide an analysis of the life insurance market in Sweden from the early 19th century to the mid 20th century. We consider determinants put forward in the financial history literature to explain the growth of life insurance. The paper shows that income elasticity of demand gives a fairly good approximation of the development in the twentieth century, while the development of risk and insurance innovation among other things need to be taken into account to explain the growth of life insurance in nineteenth century. The price of life insurance, measured as the overhead-to-premium-income-ratio, remained fairly constant during the second half of the 19th century, while the risk, as indicated in terms of crude mortality rates and its volatility did decline. This probably improved the return on life-insurance savings and further helped the entry of new firms. The average premium size was reduced to enable the diffusion of life insurance to workers.
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Lars-Fredrik, et al.
(author)
-
Profits, dividends and industry restructuring : the Swedish paper and pulp industry between 1945 and 1977
- 2016
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In: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 64:3, s. 278-296
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper explores the role of profit distribution in the restructuring of the Swedish paper and pulp industry between 1945 and 1977. In addressing this issue, we will draw on the life-cycle theory and market imperfection arguments to examine whether the less profitable firms shared more of their profits as dividends, or remained on the market longer by reinvesting the majority of the profits. Our study shows that an increasing share of the profits was distributed to owners over time, and thus less profit was reinvested in industrial renewal. We find that the observed general upward trend in dividends can be attributed to the decline in profit and firm legacy, as firms in the Swedish pulp and paper industry kept dividends up while reducing reinvestment as their profit margins decreased over time. Our study shows that the market imperfections related to capital taxation and investment funds increased rather than decreased dividends.
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Lars Fredrik, 1974-, et al.
(author)
-
Sickness absence in compulsory and voluntary health insurance : the case of Sweden at the turn of the twentieth century
- 2017
-
In: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 65:1, s. 6-27
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- At the turn of the twentieth century, Swedish health insurance was organised according to the Western European models of both voluntary, `fraternal´ principles and compulsory, `factory scheme´ principles. In this paper, we trace the characteristics of both organisational forms, and compare the sickness absence by considering the role of risk selection and mitigation across a large panel of voluntary and compulsory health insurance societies operating in Sweden between 1900 and 1910. We find that voluntary societies used a wide set of rules and practices in order to select and monitor members in order to keep down the number of sick cases. Compulsory societies applied shorter waiting periods and offered more medical treatment, leading to more frequent but shorter sickness absences.
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| 14. |
- Andersson-Skog, Lena, 1959-
(author)
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From state railway housekeeping to railway economics : Swedish railway policy and economic transformation after 1920 in an institutional perspective
- 1996
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In: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Scandinavian society for economic and social history and historical geography. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 44:1, s. 23-42
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article the development of Swedish railway policy in the twentieth century is interpreted as a process of institutional change where the effects of real economic development are filtered through the railway's established institutional framework. The change in railway policy is seen as a result of an economic historical process where the industrialisation era's conception of the role of railways in society survives in institutional arrangements, and marks the railways adjustment to present-day economic and soical conditons.
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| 15. |
- Andersson-Skog, Lena, 1959-
(author)
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National patterns and the regulation of railways and telephony in the Nordic Countries up to 1950
- 2000
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In: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Scandinavian society for economic and social history and historical geography. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 48:2, s. 30-46
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It has been suggested that the railways, as the first national industrialization project, became role models for public regulatory solutions in other industries in the same country. However, it still has to be explored if the institutional arrangements have actually been transferred from the railways to other industries. Comparative country analysis may increase our understanding of how institutions changes and eventually are ‘inherited’ by other industries. In this paper the question of whether or not the bias of the railway policy in the various Nordic countries found its way into a later emerging network industry, the telephone industry is discussed. The result shows that even as similar railway regulations emerged in the Nordic countries from the 1920s, the regulation of the telephone industries did not emerge along the same lines. Here, two different regulatory trajectories were established, one in Sweden and Norway and another one in Denmark and Finland. Here other factors such as for instance political bargaining power and national and regional development strategies must be taken into consideration.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Arnberg, Klara, 1979-
(author)
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Beyond Mrs consumer : competing femininities in Swedish advertising trade publications, 1900–1939
- 2018
-
In: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 66:2, s. 153-169
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article follows the discussion on female consumers in Swedish advertising journals and handbooks. The aim is to problematise the gendered aspects of Swedish consumer and early advertising history, by studying how the notion of the female consumer intersected with notions of social class, marital status and sexuality. The article also closes in on the persons who were invited to embody the consuming women and what kind of interests they represented. The article concludes that, from the start of the twentieth century, gender and class was prevalent in the advertising literature. The married woman was also from the start seen as the head of the consuming family. Therefore, reaching her through advertising became key for facilitating the relations between producer and consumer. With time, different women's organisations, the weekly press, and new theories of advertising from the US addressing the notion of 'Mrs Consumer' came to influence the Swedish advertising trade press. The result became the favouring of a certain kind of middle class, urban and rational kind of femininity, strongly connected to homemaking and women's roles in purchasing for the family. However, this femininity also paralleled notions of 'the flapper' and the professional woman.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Bengtsson, Erik, 1984
(author)
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Education, state and citizenship
- 2015
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In: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 63:2, s. 203-205
-
Review (other academic/artistic)
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| 20. |
- Bengtsson, Erik, 1984
(author)
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Labour’s Share in Twentieth Century Sweden: A Reinterpretation
- 2014
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In: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0358-5522 .- 1750-2837. ; 62:3, s. 290-314
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The distribution of national income between capital and labour is a classical theme in political economy. This paper takes a long-run perspective to the issue and asks two questions: How did the distribution of income between capital and labour develop in Sweden from 1900 to 2000? And how can this development best be explained? It is shown that labour's share in Sweden in the 100 years from 1900 to 2000 saw three important shifts, and the three shifts are analyzed. Around 1920, there was a surge in labour's share as workers mobilised in trade unions and universal suffrage and the eight-hour working day in manufacturing strengthened the bargaining power of workers. From 1950 until the late 1970s, there was another period of an increasing labour share, when the welfare state expanded and trade unions were strong. Contra the well-known postwar wage moderation analysis, there was no wage moderation in Sweden during the 1950s and 1960s, but rather the opposite: wages increased faster than productivity which caused a redistribution from capital to labour and reduced income inequality. The third shift occurred around 1980 when labour's share started a continuous decrease, beginning with several devaluations intended to increase profitability and competitiveness of Swedish business.
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