| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- ALM, PER, et al.
(author)
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Neuroendocrine differentiation in male breast carcinomas
- 1992
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In: APMIS. - : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 100:7-12, s. 720-726
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The presence of neuroendocrine differentiation, as expressed by cellular chromogranin immunoreactivity, was investigated in paraffin‐embedded tissue material from 51 consecutive cases of male breast carcinoma. From six of these cases electron microscopic studies were included. Chromogranin‐immunoreactive cells were present in solid cords and delineated tubular structures. Ultrastructurally, dense core secretory granules could be detected. The expression of neuroendocrine differentiation was 45%, which is between two and eight times higher than reported for female breast carcinomas by other investigators. The present findings suggest that male breast carcinoma is an exclusive tumour disease showing both similarities and discrepancies when compared to its female counterpart.
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| 14. |
- Burova, Larissa, et al.
(author)
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Experimental poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis elicited by IgG Fc-binding M family proteins and blocked by IgG Fc fragment.
- 2012
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In: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0463. ; 120:3, s. 221-230
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Burova L, Pigarevsky P, Seliverstova V, Gupalova T, Schalén C, Totolian A. Experimental poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis elicited by IgG Fc-binding M family proteins and blocked by IgG Fc fragment. APMIS 2012; 120: 221-30. The pathogenesis of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), a major nonsuppurative complication of group A streptococcal (GAS) throat or skin disease, remains unclear. During the years, various theories based on certain streptococcal extracellular factors, as well as immunological mimicry between streptococci and renal tissue, have been forwarded. We earlier reported that many clinical GAS isolates with documented nephritogenic capacity show non-immune binding of monomeric or aggregated IgG. Moreover, in a rabbit model of APSGN we obtained evidence for an important role of streptococcal IgG Fc binding proteins (IgGFcBPs) belonging to the M family surface proteins; thus, hyperimmunization by whole IgGFcBP-positive streptococci was shown to induce renal glomerular changes with deposition of IgG and complement C3, resembling the picture recorded in human APSGN. These typical renal changes were always preceded by the appearance of circulating anti-IgG antibodies. In the present work, using the same rabbit model, each of two purified IgGFcBPs, isolated from type M22 GAS, were found to elicit glomerular degenerative damage comparable to that caused by whole bacteria, as well as formation of anti-IgG. In addition, the induction by whole streptococci (type M1) of experimental APSGN was inhibited by the i.v. administration of purified human or rabbit IgG Fc, but not Fab, fragment, supporting the importance of Fc-mediated mechanisms in causation of glomerulonephritis. We propose that anti-IgG antibody, induced by streptococcal IgGFcBP, facilitated renal accumulation of IgG-containing complexes, which in turn triggered complement deposition and proinflammatory cascades. Further studies on the possible beneficial effect of IgG Fc fragment in APSGN should be of interest.
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| 15. |
- Burova, LA, et al.
(author)
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Myocardial tissue damage in rabbits injected with group A streptococci, types M1 and M22. Role of bacterial immunoglobuhn G-binding surface proteins
- 2005
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In: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0463. ; 113:1, s. 21-30
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), two important sequelae of streptococcal throat or skin infections, according to current concepts may be elicited by autoimmune mechanisms due to molecular mimicry between group A streptococci (GAS) and human tissue. In the case of APSGN, however, Our experimental data have indicated that GAS immunoglobulin-binding surface proteins (IgG Bps) might be of pathogenic significance by triggering anti-IgG production and immune complex formation leading to renal damage. Thus, rabbits injected with IEG-binding, as opposed to non-binding, GAS strains were found to develop renal deposition of IgG and complement factor C3 and inflammatory and degenerative glomerular changes resembling the picture seen in APSGN. In the present study, cardiac tissue material from rabbits injected with GAS was investigated. After 8 or more weeks of intravenous (i.v.) injections, minimal changes were seen in those animals receiving an IgG non-binding GAS strain, type T27, whereas those animals receiving either of two IgG-binding GAS strains, types M1 or M22, developed strong inflammatory and degenerative myocardial changes accompanied by deposition of IgG and C3. Furthermore, on injecting rabbits with defined mutants of a type M22 strain, the development of myocardial tissue damage proved to be dependent on the presence of streptococcal IgG-binding activity. Our results demonstrate that myocardial tissue changes may be induced in the rabbit by i.v. injection of whole heat-killed GAS of at least two M serotypes. Conceivably, induction of immune complexes by bacterial IqG BPs may lead to myocardial deposition of IgG, in turn triggering a series of events, involving the complement system and proinflammatory cytokines, with resulting tissue damage. Though many virulence factors may be involved in the development of ARF and APSGN, and a given GAS strain will never cause both, our results may suggest a new pathogenetic mechanism common to these two major non-suppurative complications.
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| 16. |
- Burova, L, et al.
(author)
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Role of group A streptococcal IgG-binding proteins in triggering experimental glomerulonephritis in the rabbit
- 2003
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In: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0463. ; 111:10, s. 955-962
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our previous studies have indicated that the IgG-binding M-family proteins (IgGBP) of group A streptococci may be involved in eliciting experimental acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) in the rabbit. These surface proteins were also found to trigger production of anti-IgG, which might conceivably act to enhance renal deposition of immune complexes (IC). In the present study, a clinical isolate of serotype M22 (strain AL168), an isogenic double mutant deficient for both the IgGBPs Mrp and Emm, as well as mutants deficient in only one of the proteins were tested for capacity to induce glomerulonephritis. Streptococci to be used for injecting rabbits were heat-killed. Surface-bound IgG was removed by 1 M KSCN and cells were then repeatedly washed in PBS before use. Rabbits were injected intravenously with 10(9) cells three times a week for 8 weeks and, following one month of rest, for another 6 weeks. Deposits of IgG and C3 as well as induced chemokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 were traced in cryostat sections using specific antibodies and appropriate peroxidase-labelled anti-antibodies. In four rabbits immunized with the double mutant strain, no deposits were found, and as examined by TEM, only subtle and transient renal changes were observed. In contrast, the original strain AL168 induced pronounced inflammatory and degenerative glomerular changes in all four rabbits injected, and deposits of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 were found in mesangial and endothelial cells. Similar deposits and glomerular changes were seen in all eight rabbits injected with the mrp-emm+ mutant and in four out of seven animals receiving the mrp+emm- mutant. There was a highly significant correlation between high levels of circulating anti-IgG and development of APSGN. These results confirm an important role of streptococcal IgGBP in triggering experimental APSGN as earlier proposed by our group.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Forsum, Urban, 1946-, et al.
(author)
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Bacterial vaginosis--a microbiological and immunological enigma.
- 2005
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In: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 113:2, s. 81-90
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of bacterial vaginosis (BV) among women of childbearing age and the resulting quantitative and qualitative shift from normally occurring lactobacilli in the vagina to a mixture of mainly anaerobic bacteria is a microbiological and immunological enigma that so far has precluded the formulation of a unifying generally accepted theory on the aetiology and clinical course of BV. This critical review highlights some of the more important aspects of BV research that could help in formulating new basic ideas respecting the biology of BV, not least the importance of the interleukin mediators of local inflammatory responses and the bacterial shift from the normally occurring lactobacilli species: L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. jensenii, and L. iners to a mixed flora dominated by anaerobic bacteria.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Holl, Katsiaryna, et al.
(author)
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Maternal Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infections and risk of testicular cancer in the offspring: a nested case-control study
- 2008
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In: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica. - Oxford : Wiley. - 1600-0463 .- 0903-4641. ; 116:9, s. 816-822
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During recent decades the incidence of testicular cancer (TC) has increased rapidly around the world. Associated exogenous etiological factors might therefore be identifiable. We performed a case-control study nested within Finnish, Swedish and Icelandic maternity cohorts exploiting early pregnancy serum samples to evaluate the role of congenital or neonatal infections with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) as risk factors of TC in the offspring. For each case-index mother pair, three or four matched control-control mother pairs were identified using national population registries. First trimester sera were retrieved from the index mothers of 66 TC cases and 258 matched control mothers and were tested for antibodies to EBV and CMV. High level of maternal EBV IgG antibodies was associated with significantly increased risk of TC in the offspring (odds ratio (OR) 2.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15, 5.40), especially with risk of non-seminoma TC (OR, 2.73: 95% CI, 1.25, 5.99) and non-seminoma TC diagnosed under 8 years of age(OR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.05, 7.04). In contrast, offspring of CMV IgG-seropositive mothers had a decreased risk of TC diagnosed under 8 years of age (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.14, 0.89). Our results suggest that EBV and CMV infections may be associated with TC.
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