| 11. |
- Delios, A., et al.
(author)
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Examining the generalizability of research findings from archival data
- 2022
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In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:30
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching the original reports together with 55% of tests in different spans of years and 40% of tests in novel geographies. Some original findings were associated with multiple new tests. Reproducibility was the best predictor of generalizability-for the findings that proved directly reproducible, 84% emerged in other available time periods and 57% emerged in other geographies. Overall, only limited empirical evidence emerged for context sensitivity. In a forecasting survey, independent scientists were able to anticipate which effects would find support in tests in new samples.
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| 12. |
- Menkveld, Albert J., et al.
(author)
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Nonstandard Errors
- 2024
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In: JOURNAL OF FINANCE. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0022-1082 .- 1540-6261. ; 79:3, s. 2339-2390
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty-nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Zhang, D, et al.
(author)
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Spatial epigenome-transcriptome co-profiling of mammalian tissues
- 2023
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 615616:79547955, s. 113-122
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Emerging spatial technologies, including spatial transcriptomics and spatial epigenomics, are becoming powerful tools for profiling of cellular states in the tissue context1–5. However, current methods capture only one layer of omics information at a time, precluding the possibility of examining the mechanistic relationship across the central dogma of molecular biology. Here, we present two technologies for spatially resolved, genome-wide, joint profiling of the epigenome and transcriptome by cosequencing chromatin accessibility and gene expression, or histone modifications (H3K27me3, H3K27ac or H3K4me3) and gene expression on the same tissue section at near-single-cell resolution. These were applied to embryonic and juvenile mouse brain, as well as adult human brain, to map how epigenetic mechanisms control transcriptional phenotype and cell dynamics in tissue. Although highly concordant tissue features were identified by either spatial epigenome or spatial transcriptome we also observed distinct patterns, suggesting their differential roles in defining cell states. Linking epigenome to transcriptome pixel by pixel allows the uncovering of new insights in spatial epigenetic priming, differentiation and gene regulation within the tissue architecture. These technologies are of great interest in life science and biomedical research.
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| 15. |
- Hui, H., et al.
(author)
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Probabilistic integrated flexible regions of multi-energy industrial parks : Conceptualization and characterization
- 2023
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In: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 349
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Multi-energy industrial parks, composed of the district energy supply system and terminal industrial loads, are dominant energy consumers with over 50% occupation of total energy consumption. Considering the energy conversion in the district energy supply system and adjustment of production subtasks in terminal industrial loads, the industrial parks could provide considerable flexibility for utility multi-energy systems to deal with contingencies. However, industrial parks may have multiple uncertainties originating from the production subtasks' variability, distributed renewable energy's fluctuation, and random failures of equipment. These uncertainties could make the flexibility assessment of industrial parks unreliable, which may further exacerbate utility system risks. To address the problem, this paper innovatively proposes the concept of probabilistic integrated flexible regions and corresponding characterization approaches, which can effectively describe the credible multi-energy adjustment ability of industrial parks. First, the energy-material flows in the industrial park are modeled considering multiple uncertainties while subject to constraints such as operating limits of equipment, energy and material balancing, and production targets. Then, the modeling and calculation methods of probabilistic integrated flexible regions are given. These regions are labeled with certain probability requirements and visualized in the input multi-energy space. Using a real-world test system that produces air conditioning equipment in China, the results show that the proposed model can effectively reflect the probability characteristics of the integrated flexibility under multiple uncertainties. For this test system, the area of a highly credible integrated flexibility, represented by the probabilistic integrated flexible region with 99% probability, is about half of that obtained by the deterministic model. That is, half of the integrated flexibility evaluated by the deterministic method in the test system may not be practically utilized considering the impacts of uncertainties. Therefore, the proposed method could provide a credible and comprehensive evaluation of the multi-energy industrial park's flexibility considering multiple uncertainties.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Mao, W, et al.
(author)
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Bupi Yishen Formula Versus Losartan for Non-Diabetic Stage 4 Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2021
-
In: Frontiers in pharmacology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1663-9812. ; 11, s. 627185-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) might have benefits in patients with non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD), but there is a lack of high-quality evidence, especially in CKD4. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Bupi Yishen Formula (BYF) vs. losartan in patients with non-diabetic CKD4. This trial was a multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, randomized controlled trial that was carried out from 11-08-2011 to 07-20-2015. Patients were assigned (1:1) to receive either BYF or losartan for 48 weeks. The primary outcome was the change in the slope of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 48 weeks. The secondary outcomes were the composite of end-stage kidney disease, death, doubling of serum creatinine, stroke, and cardiovascular events. A total of 567 patients were randomized to BYF (n = 283) or losartan (n = 284); of these, 549 (97%) patients were included in the final analysis. The BYF group had a slower renal function decline particularly prior to 12 weeks over the 48-week duration (between-group mean difference of eGFR slopes: −2.25 ml/min/1.73 m2/year, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −4.03,−0.47), and a lower risk of composite outcome of death from any cause, doubling of serum creatinine level, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), stroke, or cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.44,0.85). No significant between-group differences were observed in the incidence of adverse events. We conclude that BYF might have renoprotective effects among non-diabetic patients with CKD4 in the first 12 weeks and over 48 weeks, but longer follow-up is required to evaluate the long-term effects.Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR-TRC-10001518.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Meyer, E., et al.
(author)
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The state of the art in beyond 5G distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output communication system solutions
- 2022
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In: Open Research Europe. - : F1000 Research Ltd. - 2732-5121. ; 2
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Beyond fifth generation (5G) communication systems aim towards data rates in the tera bits per second range, with improved and flexible coverage options, introducing many new technological challenges in the fields of network architecture, signal pro- cessing, and radio frequency front-ends. One option is to move towards cell-free, or distributed massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) network architectures and highly integrated front-end solutions. This paper presents an outlook on be- yond 5G distributed massive MIMO communication systems, the signal processing, characterisation and simulation challenges, and an overview of the state of the art in millimetre wave antennas and electronics.
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| 20. |
- Shao, Wen-ZE, et al.
(author)
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Gradient-based discriminative modeling for blind image deblurring
- 2020
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In: Neurocomputing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-2312 .- 1872-8286. ; 413, s. 305-327
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Blind image deconvolution is a fundamental task in image processing, computational imaging, and computer vision. It has earned intensive attention in the past decade since the seminal work of Fergus et al. [1] for camera shake removal. In spite of the recent great progress in this field, this paper aims to formulate the blind problem with a simpler modeling perspective. What is more important, the newly proposed approach is expected to achieve comparable or even better performance towards the real blurred images. Specifically, the core critical idea is the proposal of a pure gradient-based discriminative prior for accurate and robust blur kernel estimation. Numerous experimental results on both the benchmark datasets and real-world blurred images in various imaging scenarios, e.g., natural, manmade, low-illumination, text, or people, demonstrate well the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.
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