| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Collentine, Dennis, et al.
(author)
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Evaluating the effect of climate variation on the cost efficiency of a crop permit policy in Southern Sweden
- 2013
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In: Journal of Water and Climate. - : IWA Publishing. - 2040-2244 .- 2408-9354. ; 4:2, s. 110-117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Current international agreements call for a significant reduction of nitrogen loads to the Baltic Sea. New measures to reduce nitrogen loads from the agricultural sector and an increased focus on cost efficiency will be needed to meet reduction targets. For policy design and evaluation it is important to understand the impact of weather on the efficiency of abatement measures. One new proposed policy is the use of crop permits based on weather normalized average leaching. This paper describes the use of the Spearman method to determine the efficiency of this policy with annual weather variation. The conclusion is that the values of the Spearman correlation coefficients in the study indicate that using average leaching for the individual crops on specific soil types for calculating crop permit requirements is an efficient policy. The Spearman method is demonstrated to be a simple useful tool for evaluating the impact of weather and is recommended for use in new studies.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Collentine, Dennis, et al.
(author)
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Evaluating the Environmental and Economic Impact of Taxes on Pesticides: Case Study of a Tax on Toxicity
- 2011
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Regulation of pesticides has often followed a command and control approach. However, economic instruments allow for environmental goals to be used for targeting as well as provide users (farmers) with flexibility in their response. The primary environmental effects of concern from the use of plant pesticides are related to the toxic effects on non-targeted organisms in environmental media. This paper describes a methodology for ex ante evaluation of policy alternatives for reducing the impact on the aquatic environment from pesticide use.The proposed methodology consists of several components. It uses the Pesticide Toxicity Index (PTI) for defining an environmental goal and for evaluation of the environmental effect of policy alternatives, a field based model MACRO-DB for describing the impact of crop management programs and agricultural land use on concentrations of active compounds from pesticide use and the use of economic modelling to determine the effect on farm income from alternative tax schemes. The paper presents an application of this method using empirical data from a small agricultural catchment in Southern Sweden and compares the economic and environmental effects of a differentiated tax on the most toxic class of pesticides and a flat tax on all pesticides. On average the costs of reducing environmental impacts by one unit of PTI were estimated to be €1 009 for the flat tax and €71,5 for the differentiated tax.
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| 16. |
- Collentine, Dennis, et al.
(author)
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Exploiting Decision Heuristics and IT in the design of a DSS for voluntary agri-environmental programs
- 2004
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In: Ecological Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 49:3, s. 303-315
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Low participation rates by farmers in voluntary agri-environmental programs may depend on rationally bounded ex ante estimates of the negative effect of program enrollment on farm income. Uncertainty and the presence of information transaction costs may lead to the use of heuristics by farmers to reduce adoption decision costs. This paper describes how LENNART, a net-based decision support system (DSS), has been designed to exploit the use of heuristics and provide low cost access to information. The model has been developed to evaluate the effects of agronomic measures on farm income and on the leaching of nutrients from cultivated fields. A subsidy program for catch crop cultivation in Southern Sweden served as the basis for development of the DSS and is used throughout the paper for purposes of illustration. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Collentine, Dennis
(author)
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Including non-point sources in a water quality trading permit program
- 2005
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In: Water Science and Technology. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 51:3-4, s. 47-43
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There has been overwhelming interest in addressing water quality issues through the use of economic instruments. Much of this attention has focused on the cost efficiencies offered by Transferable Discharge Permit (TDP) systems. Unfortunately, the attempts to start up permit markets which are able to exploit abatement cost differences between sources have not met with the success expected. Two of the reasons for the lack of success that have been taken up in analysis of these programs have been the problem of transaction costs and in the case of non-point sources (NPS), undefined property rights. The composite market design is a proposal for a TDP system which specifically includes agricultural non-point source (NPS) dischargers and addresses both property rights and transaction cost problems. The composite market consists of three interrelated markets each serving a particular function. When the composite market is mature, the total number of permits issued represents the cap on discharges allowed in the catchment. The structure of the composite market allows this system to be phased in over time with existing institutions and limited demands on financing.
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| 20. |
- Collentine, Dennis
(author)
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Land Policy for Flood Risk Management-Toward a New Working Paradigm
- 2022
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In: Earth's Future. - 2328-4277. ; 10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Flood risk management (FRM) aims to integrate necessary technical measures with environmental and societal approaches. Focusing on the process and governance of how to plan, implement, and maintain solutions therefore becomes essential. Among the different stakeholders, landowners are a key group to be considered. This contribution elaborates on the interconnections between land policy, FRM and private land ownership. It is based on the European COST Action network LAND4FLOOD, which brings together academics and stakeholders from various disciplines and more than 35 countries. We argue for a less project oriented and more process oriented approach, a focus on land management and more emphasis on small-scale measures. This represents a break with some of the recent working paradigms of FRM.
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