| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Carter, Bob, et al.
(author)
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Nothing gets done and no one knows why : PCS and workplace control of lean in HM revenue and customs
- 2012
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In: Industrial relations journal. - : Wiley. - 0019-8692 .- 1468-2338. ; 43:5, s. 416-432
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article examines the willingness and capacity of public sector unions to mobilise action against changes in the labour process in order to maintain some measure of control at the point of production. Taking as an instance an extended dispute in Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs over the introduction and impact of Lean processes, it marshals evidence gathered from documentary sources, branch representatives and national lay full-time officers to engage with the notion of a trade union bureaucracy. In taking a union with a left-wing leadership and a section with 80 per cent membership with an expressed willingness to escalate industrial action, the article tests Hyman's 1979 contention that, rather than a concentration on a bureaucratic caste, a much better explanation for conservatism centres on the nature of social relations within the union that encompass a wider layer of representatives.
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| 23. |
- Carter, Bob, et al.
(author)
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‘Stressed out of my box’: employee experience of lean working and occupational ill-health in clerical work in the UK public sector
- 2013
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In: Work, Employment and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0950-0170 .- 1469-8722. ; 27:5, s. 747-767
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Occupational health and safety (OHS) is under-researched in the sociology of work and employment. This deficit is most pronounced for white-collar occupations. Despite growing awareness of the significance of psychosocial conditions – notably stress – and musculoskeletal disorders, white-collar work is considered by conventional OHS discourse to be ‘safe’. This study’s locus is clerical processing in the UK public sector, specifically Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs, in the context of efficiency savings programmes. The key initiative was lean working, which involved redesigned workflow, task fragmentation, standardization and individual targets. Utilizing a holistic model of white-collar OHS and in-depth quantitative and qualitative data, the evidence of widespread self-reported ill-health symptoms is compelling. Statistical tests of association demonstrate that the transformed work organization that accompanied lean working contributed most to employees’, particularly women’s, ill-health complaints.
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| 24. |
- Carter, Bob, et al.
(author)
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‘‘They can’t be a buffer any longer’ : Supervisors and class relations under white-collar lean production’
- 2014
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In: Capital and Class. - : SAGE Publications. - 0309-8168 .- 2041-0980. ; 38:2, s. 323-343
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article reasserts the value of the examination of class relations. It does so via a case study of tax-processing sites within HM Revenue and Customs, focusing on the changes wrought by the alterations to labour and supervisory processes implemented under the banner of ‘lean production’. It concentrates on the transformation of front-line managers, as their tasks moved from those that required tax knowledge and team support to those that narrowed their work towards output monitoring and employee supervision. Following Carchedi, these changes are conceptualised as strengthening the function of capital performed by managers, and weakening their role within the labour process.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Djavan, Bob, et al.
(author)
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Testosterone in prostate cancer: the Bethesda consensus.
- 2012
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In: BJU International. - 1464-4096. ; 110:3, s. 344-352
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Androgen stimulation of prostate cancer (PCa) cells has been the basis for extensive studies evaluating the role of androgen in PCa but the diagnostic measurement of androgen as well as androgen values that potentially influence prognosis are unclear in patients with PCa. The 50 ng/dL threshold has been questioned as a result of reports indicating worse outcomes for levels between 20 and 50 ng/dL. Instead, a 20 ng/dL threshold for serum testosterone after androgren deprivation therapy in patients with advanced PCa was recommended. OBJECTIVE: • Androgen stimulation of prostate cancer (PCa) cells has been extensively studied. The increasing trend of using serum testosterone as an absolute surrogate for castration state means that the diagnostic measurement of testosterone and the values potentially influencing prognosis must be better understood. This is especially important when PCa progresses from an endocrine to an intracrine status. PATIENTS AND METHODS: • We performed a literature review using the MEDLINE database for publications on: (i) hormonal changes with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT); (ii) monitoring hormonal therapy with testosterone measurement; (iii) the efficacy of intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD) compared with continuous androgen deprivation; (iv) the underlying mechanisms of castration-resistance; and (v) novel treatments for castration-resistant PCa (CRPCa). RESULTS: • The optimum serum castration levels to be achieved with ADT are still debated. Recently, the 50 ng/dL threshold has been questioned because of reports indicating worse outcomes when levels between 20 and 50 ng/dL were studied. Instead, a 20 ng/dL threshold for serum testosterone after ADT in patients with advanced prostate cancer was recommended. CONCLUSION: • Understanding the mechanisms of androgen biosynthesis relating to PCa as well as prognostic implications might achieve a consensus regarding the role of ADT for both the androgen-sensitive and -insensitive disease state.
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| 27. |
- Edwards, Bob, et al.
(author)
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Commercialization and Lifestyle Sport: Lessons from Twenty Years of Freestyle BMX in ProTown, USA
- 2010
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In: Sport in Society. - Abingdon : Taylor and Francis. - 1743-0437 .- 1743-0445. ; 13:7-8, s. 1135-1151
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent research on lifestyle sport and commercialization reveals a problematic and complex relationship. The analysis presented here examines the development and impact of commercialization on a unique and influential local BMX scene over a 20-year period. Three forms of commercialization - paraphernalia, movement and mass market - are identified and their varying influences on the mobilization and development of this lifestyle sport are analysed. Findings reveal that lifestyle-sport insiders actively collaborate in each form of commercialization, especially movement commercialization which has the potential to build alternative lifestyle-sport institutions and resist adverse commercial influences. This research conceptualizes freestyle BMX as a social movement within the resource-mobilization perspective and relies upon a combination of direct and participant observation recorded through field notes and augmented by 25 in-depth interviews. The combination of analytical tools and methodological approach can help shed further light on the complex dynamics of commercialization in lifestyle sports.
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