| 61. |
- Yoneda, Tomiko, et al.
(author)
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Trajectories of Personality Traits Preceding Dementia Diagnosis.
- 2017
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In: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1079-5014 .- 1758-5368. ; 72:6, s. 922-931
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Several retrospective studies using informant report have shown that individuals with dementia demonstrate considerable personality change. Two prospective studies, also using informant report, have shown that individuals who develop dementia show some personality changes prior to diagnosis. The current study is the first to assess personality trait change prior to dementia diagnosis using self-report measures from longitudinal data. Method: This study used data from the Swedish OCTO-Twin Study, a longitudinal panel of 702 twins aged 80 and older. Analysis was restricted to 86 individuals who completed the Eysenck Personality Inventory and received a dementia diagnosis during follow-up occasions. Latent growth curve analyses were used to examine trajectories of extraversion and neuroticism preceding dementia diagnosis. Results: Controlling for sex, age, education, depressive symptoms, and the interaction between age and education, growth curve analyses revealed a linear increase in neuroticism and stability in extraversion. Individuals who were eventually diagnosed with dementia showed a significant increase in neuroticism preceding diagnosis of dementia. Discussion: Personality change, specifically an increase in neuroticism, may be an early indicator of dementia. Identification of early indicators of dementia may facilitate development of screening assessments and aid in early care strategies and planning.
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| 62. |
- Jensen, Mikael, 1969
(author)
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Hjärnan lär sig att sluta härmas
- 2009
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In: Forskning och Framsteg. - : Stiftelsen Forskning och Framsteg. - 0015-7937. ; 44:7, s. 18-21
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Människans tanke- och handlingsförmåga är unik. Men det är också hennes förmåga att avstå från vissa tankar och handlingar.
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| 63. |
- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Urban space for children on the move
- 2020
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In: Transport and Children’s Wellbeing. - 9780128146941 - 9780128146958 ; , s. 217-235
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Urban landscapes, structures and design features are associated with travel mode choice and have implications for sustainable living environments. The particular role of the built environment for children’s independent active mobility has received increasing attention in research and practice. However, the complexity of the transactions between person and environment needs to be understood with special focus on children’s use and experiences of the outdoor spaces in a neighborhood. This chapter discusses children’s independent active mobility as an ongoing transaction with the surrounding environment, continuously shifting between transport and play. The chapter synthesizes research on children’s outdoor play and active travel from the fields of environmental psychology, urban planning and landscape architecture. Four theoretical concepts compatible with a comprehensive understanding of children’s mobility in urban open spaces are presented: place attachment, affordances, wayfinding and prospect-refuge. The concepts are elaborated from a child perspective to highlight dimensions in the planning, design and management of outdoor spaces that can support children’s independent active mobility.
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| 64. |
- Jensen, Mikael, 1969
(author)
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Kommunikation i klassrummet
- 2022
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Kommunikation är centralt i nästan alla mänskliga aktiviteter. I klassrummen är kommunikation en nödvändighet för att skapa ett positivt fysiskt och socialt klimat som grund för samspel och lärande. Det är dock möjligt att kommunicera på många olika sätt och forskningen, framför allt den internationella, kan nu visa vilka sätt att kommunicera som ger bäst resultat. Trots att kommunikation är så centralt i undervisning har ytterst få böcker på svenska tagit ett helhetsgrepp om detta intressanta och viktiga ämne. Boken behandlar bl.a.: • kommunikationsmönster i klassrummet • känslors betydelse för kommunikation och lärande • gruppkommunikation och lärande • multimodal kommunikation i klassrummet • hur frågor används på ett optimalt sätt • hur tydlighet och visualisering fungerar som hjälpmedel. Boken vänder sig till blivande och verksamma lärare inom grund- och gymnasieskolan samt andra yrkesgrupper med intresse för kommunikation och lärande inom utbildning.
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| 65. |
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| 66. |
- Rylander, Pär, 1973, et al.
(author)
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The specificity versus generality of ball-handling skills – Empirical evidence for a general ball-handling ability
- 2019
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In: Human Movement Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7646 .- 0167-9457. ; 66, s. 477-486
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate if ball-handling skills are specific and uncorrelated (i.e., motor specificity), or if they share an underlying ball-handling ability (i.e., motor generality). To empirically investigate this question, we had a sample of 201 adolescents perform 12 novel ball-handling tasks. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we showed that a model based on the assumptions of the generality perspective was superior to a model based on assumptions of specificity. The general ball-handling factor did significantly influence the performance on all 12 tasks, with factor loadings ranging between 0.39 and 0.79. The results and it's practical implications are discussed in relation to development of sport specific skills.
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| 67. |
- Uvnäs-Moberg, Kerstin, et al.
(author)
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Sensory Stimulation and Oxytocin : Their Roles in Social Interaction and Health Promotion
- 2022
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In: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this call was to collect papers describing how oxytocin may be released by different kinds of sensory stimulation to induce wellbeing and restorative processes and to inhibit pain, stress and inflammation. A large number of interesting articles of very high quality were received and 19 papers were accepted for publication. All the included articles have contributed to expand the knowledge about oxytocin in a very substantial way both regarding its effect spectrum and regarding its association with sensory, somatosensory stimulation, in particular. In fact, the obtained data contribute to prove the hypothesis that the oxytocinergic system is a widespread integrative system, which is linked to social interaction, wellbeing, reduction of stress and pain as well as to reproductive, growth promoting and restorative effects. The activity of this archaic oxytocin system is under control of hormones and sensory nerves, which convey information regarding the state of the internal and the external environment. The oxytocin linked effects may be induced in the short-term as well as in the long-term perspective. All of the articles which were accepted and included in this issue, in their own unique way, contribute to describe oxytocin beyond its classical role in birth and milk ejection in accordance with the concept described above. We describe and discuss the data after having categorized the results presented in the articles according to certain subjects.
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| 68. |
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| 69. |
- Roczniewska, Marta, et al.
(author)
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Simple roads to failure, complex paths to success : an evaluation of conditions explaining perceived fit of an organizational occupational health intervention
- 2023
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In: Applied Psychology. - 0269-994X .- 1464-0597.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Organizational occupational health interventions (OOHIs) that are perceived by employees as relevant for their workplace are more likely to be implemented successfully, yet little is known about the conditions that produce such perceptions. This study identifies the conditions that create a perception among employees that an intervention fits their organization as well as the conditions that result in low levels of perceived fit. We used two-wave data from 40 Danish preschools that underwent a quasi-experimental OOHI. Perceived fit was assessed through employee ratings at follow-up, while survey responses from implementation team members at five time points were used to assess four context and 14 process factors. The results of a coincidence analysis showed that high levels of perceived fit were achieved through two paths. Each path consisted of a lack of co-occurring changes together with either very high levels of managerial support (path_1) or a combination of implementation team role clarity, staff involvement, and team learning (path_2). In contrast, low levels of perceived fit were brought about by single factors: limited leader support, low degree of role clarity, or concurrent organizational changes. The findings reveal the complexity involved in implementing OOHIs and offer insights into reasons they may fail.
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| 70. |
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