| 1. |
- Andreasson, Ulf, 1968, et al.
(author)
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Method and Clinical Validation of Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases
- 2021
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In: Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers. Neuromethods, vol 168. Teunissen C.E., Zetterberg H. (eds). - New York, NY : Springer. - 0893-2336. - 9781071613184 ; , s. 163-173
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the Merriam-Webster dictionary, one definition of the word valid is “well-grounded or justifiable: being at once relevant and meaningful.” Validation is then the process of determining the degree of validity. From this broad definition, it follows that validations can be made in many different fields with quite different implications. When talking about validation, it is therefore important to specify the subject under scrutiny and in this chapter the focus will be on validation of biomarkers. © 2021, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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| 2. |
- Pannee, Josef, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Abeta CSF LC-MS
- 2021
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In: Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers. Teunissen C.E., Zetterberg H. (eds). - New York, NY : Springer. - 0893-2336. - 9781071613184 ; , s. 55-69
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this chapter, a method using an antibody independent approach based on solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is described for the analysis of Aβ isoforms in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Stable isotope-labeled Aβ peptides are used as internal standards, enabling absolute quantification. A high-resolution quadrupole-Orbitrap hybrid instrument was used for measurements. The method allows quantification of CSF Aβ1-42 between 150 and 4000pg/mL. © 2021, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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| 3. |
- Simrén, Joel, 1996, et al.
(author)
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Fluid biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease
- 2022
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In: Advances in Clinical Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0065-2423. ; , s. 249-281
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) characterization has progressed from being indexed using clinical symptomatology followed by neuropathological examination at autopsy to in vivo signatures using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and positron emission tomography. The core AD biomarkers reflect amyloid-β plaques (A), tau pathology (T) and neurodegeneration (N), following the ATN schedule, and are now being introduced into clinical routine practice. This is an important development, as disease-modifying treatments are now emerging. Further, there are now reproducible data on CSF biomarkers which reflect synaptic pathology, neuroinflammation and common co-pathologies. In addition, the development of ultrasensitive techniques has enabled the core CSF biomarkers of AD pathophysiology to be translated to blood (e.g., phosphorylated tau, amyloid-β and neurofilament light). In this chapter, we review where we stand with both core and novel CSF biomarkers, as well as the explosion of data on blood biomarkers. Also, we discuss potential applications in research aiming to better understand the disease, as well as possible use in routine clinical practice and therapeutic trials.
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