| 1. |
- Bongenhielm, Ulf
(author)
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Structure and function of trigeminal primary sensory neurons after peripheral nerve injury
- 1999
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Iatrogenic injuries to branches of the trigeminal nerve are common during surgical procedures in the jaws and teeth, and as the repercussion of facial fractures or certain pathologies. A portion of these patients are left with disturbed sensory functions, and some with unpleasant abnormal sensations, including pain. The trigeminal nerve branches have unique characteristics, both in terms of their fibre compositions and their anatomical relationships. It is therefore important to study the specific responses upon injury to this nerve. This thesis has mainly focused on one of the most frequently injured trigeminal nerve branches, the inferior alveolar nerve, and on peripheral mechanisms that may contribute to injury-induced sensory abnormalities. Electrophysiological recording central to various types of peripheral IAN injuries revealed, that diverse types of IAN injuries are capable of initiating similar raised levels of ectopic afferent activity in myelinated inferior alveolar nerve fibres. Additonal electrophysiological experiments showed that sympathetic nerve fibres at the site of injury do not appear to be essential for the development of ectopic neural activity in myelinated afferent fibres after inferior alveolar nerve injury. Electron microscopical investigations of IAN injury sites revealed that only a few axonal endbulbs developed following inferior alveolar nerve injury. Thus, endbulbs do not appear to be essential for ectopic neural activity from myelinated afferents in this nerve. Instead, other axonal structures with less conspicuous ultrastructural characteristics must contribute to the abnormal discharge. Further, immunocytochemical ultrastructural investigations showed that sympathetic fibres of the inferior alveolar nerve appear to make relatively few abnormal membrane contacts with sensory axons at the site of injury after inferior alveolar nerve damage. Immunocytochemical light microscopical investigations of trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia revealed, that sympathetic sprouting fails to develop in the trigeminal ganglion after peripheral nerve injury. Thus, such sprouting within sensory ganglia is not a general phenomenon after PNS injury, but appears to be restricted to specific locations. In situ hybridisation investigations on the expression of the sodium channel subunit SNS/PN3 rnRNA within the trigeminal ganglion, revealed characteristic changes after inferior alveolar nerve injury which indicate that this a-subunit may be involved in the injury-induced hyperexcitability in orofacial regions. Further, in situ hybridisation and immunofluorescence studies indicated alterations in the synthesis of the sodium channel binding protein ankyrinG. This may also influence the development of sensory abnormalities after nerve damage.
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| 2. |
- Coslovich, Francesco, 1990, et al.
(author)
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Prediction of Parametric Rolling for a Container Ship in Regular and Irregular Waves Using a Fully Nonlinear Time Domain Potential Flow Method
- 2019
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In: 8th International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering, MARINE 2019. - 9788494919435 ; , s. 646- 657
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper numerical simulations of parametric rolling have been performed. SAFEDOR, an EU funded benchmark study on the capability of different methods to predict such motion, was replicated here, in order to assess the quality of SHIPFLOW MOTIONS for the evaluation of this phenomenon. The code is a fully nonlinear 3D unsteady potential flow method. Since viscosity is not implicitly accounted for by a potential flow method, two different techniques are used here to introduce viscous damping coefficients in the roll motion equation. The results obtained with this method are aligned with the results from the best performing methods analyzed in the benchmark, showing a satisfactory match with experimental results.
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| 3. |
- Gao, Xiang, et al.
(author)
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Biotechnological Production of the Sunscreen Pigment Scytonemin in Cyanobacteria : Progress and Strategy
- 2021
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In: Marine Drugs. - : MDPI. - 1660-3397. ; 19:3
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Scytonemin is a promising UV-screen and antioxidant small molecule with commercial value in cosmetics and medicine. It is solely biosynthesized in some cyanobacteria. Recently, its biosynthesis mechanism has been elucidated in the model cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102. The direct precursors for scytonemin biosynthesis are tryptophan and p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, which are generated through the shikimate and aromatic amino acid biosynthesis pathway. More upstream substrates are the central carbon metabolism intermediates phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate. Thus, it is a long route to synthesize scytonemin from the fixed atmospheric CO2 in cyanobacteria. Metabolic engineering has risen as an important biotechnological means for achieving sustainable high-efficiency and high-yield target metabolites. In this review, we summarized the biochemical properties of this molecule, its biosynthetic gene clusters and transcriptional regulations, the associated carbon flux-driving progresses, and the host selection and biosynthetic strategies, with the aim to expand our understanding on engineering suitable cyanobacteria for cost-effective production of scytonemin in future practices.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Devlin, M., et al.
(author)
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Superdeformation in 68Zn: Evidence for a New, Neutron-rich Island of Superdeformation in A~70 Nuclei
- 1999
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 82, s. 5217-5220
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A superdeformed rotational structure is reported in the stable nucleus Zn-68. It has a transition quadrupole moment (Q(t)) of 2.5(-0.4)(+0.7) e b (beta(2) approximate to 0.4), as measured by the residual Doppler shift method. Theoretical calculations suggest that two different configurations are possible candidates for this band. One is built without h(11/2) neutrons, as seen in superdeformed bands in the A similar to 60 region, while the other involves one h(11/2) neutron in analogy with superdeformed bands in the A similar to 80 region. The second of these candidate configurations is preferred, thus establishing a new, neutron-rich (relative to the line of beta stability) region of superdeformation with Z similar to 30 and N similar to 38.
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| 6. |
- Ferrara, R, et al.
(author)
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Mercury Emissions Into the Atmosphere From A Chlor-alkali Complex Measured With the Lidar Technique
- 1992
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In: Atmospheric Environment Part A-general Topics. - 0004-6981. ; 26:7, s. 1253-1258
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Data are reported on atmospheric mercury flux measured by a lidar system at a chlor-alkali plant located in central Italy. Two mercury sources were identified over the electrolytic cell rooms. A flux value of 36 g h-1 was determined during the daytime while at night the value increase to 56 g h-1. The mercury emitted into the atmosphere was found to be 4 g per 1000 kg of chlorine produced. Atmospheric mercury concentrations were supplemented with some determinations made with the point monitor technique.
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| 7. |
- Mantovani, Vittorio, et al.
(author)
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Myocardial metabolism assessed by microdialysis: a prospective randomized study in on- and off-pump coronary bypass surgery.
- 2010
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In: International journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1874-1754 .- 0167-5273. ; 143:3, s. 302-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare energetic metabolism in the myocardium during coronary surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass by means of microdialysis. METHODS: Twenty-six low-risk patients were prospectively randomized to off-pump versus on-pump surgery. Microdialysis was used to sample myocardial interstitial fluid during and for 23hours after surgery. RESULTS: Preoperative characteristics and clinical outcome were similar in both groups. Blood glucose and lactate did not differ between groups throughout the observation time. During surgery, intramyocardial levels of glucose, pyruvate and urea were unaffected in off-pump patients, while the same substances significantly decreased (p<0.05) in on-pump patients during cardioplegic arrest, and increased during reperfusion. Interstitial lactate levels were higher during off-pump surgery (p<0.05). From 3 to 15hours after surgery, intramyocardial concentrations of glucose, urea and lactate were higher in off-pump patients (p<0.001), while pyruvate was higher in on-pump patients (p<0.01). Intramyocardial lactate/pyruvate ratio never differed between groups. Postoperatively, cumulative blood release of troponin-T was significantly higher in the on-pump group (p<0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Microdialysis could demonstrate significant differences in energetic metabolism between the two groups. Our data confirm and might help in explaining the lower release of myocardial ischemic markers after off-pump surgery.
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