| 1. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2012
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Lee, Nigel, et al.
(author)
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Sterile water injections for management of renal colic pain : a systematic review
- 2022
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Urology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 56:3, s. 255-263
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundSince the 1950s a small number of centres have used sterile water injections (SWI) to treat renal colic pain. We undertook this review to determine the efficacy of SWI to manage the pain of renal colic.MethodsWe searched the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Central Register, CINAHL, and Scopus from database inception to 7 November 2021 for randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria.ResultsSix trials were included in the review (n = 894 patients). Two placebo controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Other trials compared SWI to Diclofenac, Morphine, or oral Paracetamol. The overall quality of the trial was low. Compared to a placebo SWI demonstrated a significant reduction in self-reported pain at 30 min (Mean difference [MD] = −4.68, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = −5.21, −4.15. p < 0.001, I2 = 0%) and at or beyond 60 min post-injection (MD = −5.34 95% CI = −5.85, −4.82, p ≤ 0.001, I2 = 0%). Pain relief provided by SWI was significantly better than oral paracetamol and equivalent to Diclofenac and Morphine. No significant side-effects were attributed to SWI use in any trials.Discussion/conclusionSWI could be a suitable alternative for management of renal colic pain where alternatives such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and opioid drugs are either unavailable or contraindicated. However, further research is required to establish the role of SWI in renal colic pain management.
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| 3. |
- Ikegami, Masako
(author)
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THE END OF A NATIONAL' DEFENCE INDUSTRY? : Impacts of globalization on the Swedish defence industry
- 2013
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In: Scandinavian Journal of History. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0346-8755 .- 1502-7716. ; 38:4, s. 436-457
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, the author scrutinizes the impacts of globalization on the Swedish national defence industry prompted by the end of the Cold War through the 1990s. Through analysing the data from international, Swedish government and industrial sources, the author establishes that the Swedish defence industry, due to its overreliance on arms exports as a result of post-Cold War globalization, has become increasingly irrelevant to Swedish defence needs. We may see the end of a national' defence industry in the Swedish case. The author further argues that overreliance on arms exports to extra-European markets leads to the erosion of Swedish national security and Swedish defence readiness. The author concludes that multinational business-interest analysis is needed to generate a closer examination of the export-oriented Swedish defence industry in the context of globalization.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Li, Lili
(author)
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Past demography and local adaptation in forest trees : Insights from natural populations and breeding programs of Norway spruce
- 2020
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Spatial changes in natural selection patterns can give rise to local adaptation and genetic differentiation between populations. Local adaptation for phenological traits is pronounced in many forest tree species. The Swedish breeding program was established from ‘plus’ trees selected across the country and can therefore be a very good source of information on local adaptation. In the present thesis, we estimated the genetic basis of local adaptation in two Eurasian spruce species Norway spruce (P. abies) and Siberian species (P. obovata) using large-scale whole-exome data and Sanger sequences from samples taken from the Swedish breeding program and from natural populations.To detect signals of local adaptation in Norway spruce (P. abies), we started by studying population genetic clustering and inferring the demographic history of the species. In addition to the already known three main domains in Norway spruce, we also found four genetic clusters created by admixture events between the aforementioned three main clusters. Demographic inferences indicated two recolonizations directions in Scandinavia: east to west (from central Russia and Siberia) and south to north (from Alpine and Carpathian), but also revealed repeated hybridization between P. abies and P. obovata and gene flow among clusters. We next estimated the genetic basis of local adaptation of three phenotypic traits (height, diameter and bud-burst) by multivariate analyses and genome-wide association studies. The results showed that geographical origin is a strong predictor of growth and phenology and trees of southern origins outcompeted local provenances. We further revealed that growth traits were highly polygenic and bud-burst somewhat less.Population genetic structure largely affects the detection of local adaptation. Therefore we further visualized the fine-scale map of population genetic structure through dense sampling of trees from the Swedish breeding program. Trees of Swedish origins were assigned into two main clusters with an admixture zone in central Sweden and the genetic contribution from P. obovata was detected in northern Sweden. A large number of SNPs were found to be associated with environmental variables and exhibited a stronger pattern of isolation-by-distance than random SNPs.Finally we tested for local adaptation in two well-defined candidate genes (FTL2 and GI) of phenology in P. obovata. Clinal variation in FTL2 gene expression, growth cessation, and allele frequency of FLT2 and GI were revealed in populations along Ob River, paralleling the ones in Norway spruce populations in Scandinavia and in Siberian spruce populations along the Yenisei River.
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| 7. |
- Riordan, E, et al.
(author)
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Design and implementation of a low temperature, inductance based high frequency alternating current susceptometer.
- 2019
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In: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 90:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on the implementation of an induction based, low temperature, high frequency ac susceptometer capable of measuring at frequencies up to 3.5 MHz and at temperatures between 2 K and 300 K. Careful balancing of the detection coils and calibration allow a sample magnetic moment resolution of 5 × 10−10 Am2 at 1 MHz. We discuss the design and characterization of the susceptometer and explain the calibration process. We also include some example measurements on the spin ice material CdEr2S4 and iron oxide based nanoparticles to illustrate functionality.
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| 8. |
- Skjelnes, Roy Mikael, et al.
(author)
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Explicit projective embeddings of standard opens of the Hilbert scheme of points
- 2022
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In: Journal of Algebra. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-8693 .- 1090-266X. ; 590, s. 254-276
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We describe explicitly how certain standard opens of the Hilbert scheme of points are embedded into Grassmannians. The standard opens of the Hilbert scheme that we consider are given as the intersection of a corresponding basic open affine of the Grassmannian and a closed stratum determined by a Fitting ideal.
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| 9. |
- Li, Liang, 1987
(author)
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Particle motion, coating and drying in Wurster fluidized beds - An experimental and discrete element modeling study
- 2015
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis focuses on developing a mathematical model that is capable of predicting the fluidized bed coating process. First a basic understanding of pellet motion in a Wurster fluidized bed was established by conducting a series of experiments using the positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) technique. The PEPT results, such as the particle velocity, the cycle time distribution (CTD) and the residence time distribution (RTD) of particles in different regions of the fluidized bed, were selected to evaluate the model for pellet motion based on the discrete element method, computational fluid dynamics (DEM-CFD). In an effort to refine the sub-models involved in the DEM, the effects of the drag model were investigated. With the validated DEM-CFD model, the detailed pellet motion in the spray zone of the fluidized bed was studied. In order to identify the underpinning mechanisms by which coating thickness changes, pellets of different sizes were employed, and a simple model for predicting the growth of pellets was developed based on data available from the DEM-CFD results and the PEPT experiments. This predictive model was then evaluated experimentally. In addition, a model for drying of pellets was developed. In the PEPT experiments, it was found that, for the parameters studied, particles spend approximately 12–29% of the cycle time in the Wurster tube. It was observed that particles tend to recirculate in the Wurster tube and sneak out from below the tube. In comparison with the PEPT experiments, the coupled DEM-CFD simulations showed close agreement with respect to the CTD and the RTD of particles in different regions. Using the validated DEM-CFD model, large particles were found to spend longer time in the spray zone and move closer to the spray nozzle. The latter effect provides evidence that large particles can shield small particles from spray droplets. Both of these effects suggest that large particles receive a greater amount of coating solution per particle cycle. A simple conceptual model was then developed to predict the effects of the residence time of particles in the spray zone, the particle cycle time, and the entrance distance on the relative rate of the increase in film thickness between large and small particles. By comparing predicted and measured relative rates of increase in coating thickness between large and small particles, it was confirmed that large particles grow faster than small particles.
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| 10. |
- Guggolz, Theresa, et al.
(author)
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High diversity and pan-oceanic distribution of deep-sea polychaetes: Prionospio and Aurospio (Annelida: Spionidae) in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean
- 2020
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In: Organisms Diversity & Evolution. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6092 .- 1618-1077.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Prionospio Malmgren 1867 and Aurospio Maciolek 1981 (Annelida: Spionidae) are polychaete genera commonly found in the deep sea. Both genera belong to the Prionospio complex, whose members are known to have limited distinguishing characters. Morphological identification of specimens from the deep sea is challenging, as fragmentation and other damages are common during sampling. These issues impede investigations into the distribution patterns of these genera in the deep sea. In this study, we employ two molecular markers (16S rRNA and 18S) to study the diversity and the distribution patterns of Prionospio and Aurospio from the tropical North Atlantic, the Puerto Rico Trench and the central Pacific. Based on different molecular analyses (Automated Barcode Gap Discovery, GMYC, pairwise genetic distances, phylogenetics, haplotype networks), we were able to identify and differentiate 21 lineages (three lineages composed solely of GenBank entries) that represent putative species. Seven of these lineages exhibited pan-oceanic distributions (occurring in the Atlantic as well as the Pacific) in some cases even sharing identical 16S rRNA haplotypes in both oceans. Even the lineages found to be restricted to one of the oceans were distributed over large regional scales as for example across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge from the Caribbean to the eastern Atlantic (> 3389 km). Our results suggest that members of Prionospio and Aurospio may have the potential to disperse across large geographic distances, largely unaffected by topographic barriers and possibly even between oceans. Their high dispersal capacities are probably explained by their free-swimming long-lived planktonic larvae.
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