| 1. |
- Foroughi, Javad, et al.
(author)
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Knitted Carbon-Nanotube-Sheath/Spandex-Core Elastomeric Yarns for Artificial Muscles and Strain Sensing
- 2016
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In: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Highly stretchable, actuatable, electrically conductive knitted textiles based on Spandex (SPX)/CNT (carbon nanotube) composite yarns were prepared by an integrated knitting procedure. SPX filaments were continuously wrapped with CNT aerogel sheets and supplied directly to an interlocking circular knitting machine to form the three-dimensional electrically conductive and stretchable textiles. By adjusting the SPX/CNT feed ratio, the fabric electrical conductivities could be tailored in the range of 870 to 7092 S/m. The electrical conductivity depended on tensile strain, with a linear and largely hysteresis-free resistance change occurring on loading and unloading between 0 and 80% strain. Electrothermal heating of the stretched fabric caused large tensile contractions of up to 33%, and generated a gravimetric mechanical work capacity during contraction of up to 0.64 kJ/kg and a maximum specific power output of 1.28 kW/kg, which far exceeds that of mammalian skeletal muscle. The knitted textile provides the combination of strain sensing and the ability to control dimensions required for smart clothing that simultaneously monitors the wearer's movements and adjusts the garment fit or exerts forces or pressures on the wearer, according to needs. The developed processing method is scalable for the fabrication of industrial quantities of strain sensing and actuating smart textiles.
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| 2. |
- Nagda, Vinit, et al.
(author)
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Image-based 3D characterization and reconstruction of heterogeneous battery electrode microstructure
- 2023
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In: Computational materials science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-0256 .- 1879-0801. ; 223
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a constant need for improvement of lithium-ion batteries (LIB), in particular, charge/discharge time, capacity, and safety to fulfil the increasing performance requirements. The performance of LIB materials is heavily dependent on their 3D microstructural characteristics. Physics-based 3D microstructure models that resolve the microstructural characteristics of all phases in a porous electrode are critical for quantifying the interplay between battery microstructure and performance. In this work, we employed a machine-learning al-gorithm to segment the active particles from previously published tomographic data obtained for an inhomo-geneous porous microstructure of the LIB cathode electrode. We performed geometric characterization analysis using the segmented data, extracting the particle size distribution, porosity, tortuosity, and the connectivity of the particle system. We also present a methodology for stochastic reconstruction of electrode microstructure which is statistically equivalent to the empirical microstructure in terms of geometric characteristics. We use spherical harmonics to accurately represent the non-spherical particle morphology and resolve the contact be-tween the particles. The stochastic reconstruction technique proposed herein enables generation of virtual microstructure designs beyond the limitations of empirical datasets. The methods developed in this work are presented via open source.
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| 3. |
- Voronkov, Artem, 1990-, et al.
(author)
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Natural vs. Technical Language Preference and its Impact on Firewall Configuration
- 2020
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In: HCII 2020: HCI for Cybersecurity, Privacy and Trust. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 261-270
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Firewalls are network security components designed to regulate incoming and outgoing traffic to protect computers and networks. The behavior of firewalls is dictated by its configuration file, which is a written sequence of rules expressed by a set of keys and parameters. In this paper, we investigate whether certain representations of firewall rule sets can affect understandability. To collect data for our investigation, we designed an online survey for an audience who are familiar with firewalls, in which we aimed to compare two different rule set representations: iptables and English. We collected data from 56 participants. Our results show that participants’ perception of a certain rule set representation depends on their firewall expertise. Participants with basic or intermediate knowledge of firewalls consider rule sets expressed in English to be 40% easier to understand, whereas advanced or expert firewall users deemed it to be 27% more difficult. We will discuss the reasons for these results and describe their possible implications.
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| 4. |
- Feifel, Raimund
(author)
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Ultrafast molecular three-electron collective Auger Decay
- 2016
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In: International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A new class of many-electron Auger transitions in atoms was initially proposed over 40 years ago, but the first tentative evidence for its real existence was only adduced by Lee et al. in 1993, on the basis of the resonant Auger spectrum of Kr. Using a multi-electron coincidence technique with synchrotron radiation, we unambiguously showed very recently that the transition suggested by Lee et al. in Kr really does take place, but with a rather small branching ratio\footnote{J.H.D. Eland, R.J. Squibb, M. Mucke, S. Zagorodskikh, P. Linusson, and R. Feifel, New J. Phys. 17, 122001 (2015).}. Related inter-atomic three-electron transitions in rare gas clusters were recently predicted by Averbukh and Kolorenč\footnote{V. Averbukh and P. Kolorenč, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 183001 (2009).} and demonstrated by Ouchi et al.\footnote{T. Ouchi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 053401 (2011).}. From consideration of the energy levels involved it seems that the basic three-electron process could occur in molecules too, wherever a double inner-valence shell vacancy lies at a higher energy than the molecular triple ionisation onset. Experiments on CH3 F reveal for the first time the existence of this new decay pathway there\footnote{R. Feifel et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 073001 (2016).}, and calculations show that despite its three-electron nature, its effective oscillator strength is orders of magnitudes higher than in atoms, allowing an efficient competition with both molecular dissociation and two-electron decay channels on the ultrafast time scale. The dramatic enhancement of the molecular three-electron Auger transition can be explained in terms of a partial breakdown of the molecular orbital picture of ionisation. We predict that the collective decay pathway will be significant in a wide variety of heteroatomic molecules ionised by extreme UV and soft X-rays, particularly at Free-Electron-Lasers where double inner-shell vacancies can be created efficiently by two-photon transitions.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Goranko, Valentin, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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On the Length and Depth of Temporal Formulae Distinguishing Non-bisimilar Transition Systems
- 2016
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In: 23rd International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781509038251 ; , s. 177-185
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigate the minimal length and nesting depth of temporal formulae that distinguish two given non-bisimilar finite pointed transition systems. We show that such formula can always be constructed in length at most exponential in the combined number of states of both transition systems, and give an example with exponential lower bound, for several common temporal languages. We then show that by using renamings of subformulae or explicit assignments the length of the distinguishing formula can always be reduced to one that is bounded above by a cubic polynomial on the combined size of both transition systems. This is also a bound for the size obtained by using DAG representation of formulae. We also prove that the minimal nesting depth for such formula is less than the combined size of the two state spaces and obtain some tight upper bounds.
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| 7. |
- Kass, G E, et al.
(author)
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Receptor-mediated Mn2+ influx in rat hepatocytes : comparison of cells loaded with Fura-2 ester and cells microinjected with Fura-2 salt
- 1994
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In: Biochemical Journal. - 0264-6021 .- 1470-8728. ; 302, s. 5-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In single Fura-2 ester-loaded hepatocytes, stimulation by vasopressin, but not emptying of the agonist-sensitive Ca2+ store by 2,5-di-(t-butyl)hydroquinone, resulted in an increase in the rate of Fura-2 fluorescence-quenching by Mn2+. Similarly, in cells microinjected with Fura-2 salt, vasopressin stimulated Mn2+ entry while 2,5-di-(t-butyl)hydroquinone or thapsigargin did not. The pattern of Fura-2 quenching by Mn2+ only correlated with the movement of Mn2+ across the plasma membrane.
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| 10. |
- Loyprasert, S., et al.
(author)
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Sub-attomolar detection of cholera toxin using a label-free capacitive immunosensor
- 2010
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In: Biosensors & Bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4235 .- 0956-5663. ; 25:8, s. 1977-1983
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A label-free immunosensor for the direct detection of cholera toxin (CT) at sub-attomolar level has been developed based on potential-step capacitance measurements. Anti-CT antibody was adsorbed on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) incorporated on a polytyramine-modified gold electrode. The concentration of CT was determined by detecting the change of capacitance caused by the formation of antibody-antigen complexes. By using AuNPs adsorbed to the sensing surface, the signal was dramatically increased leading to a significantly more sensitive assay. In fact, under optimum conditions the immunosensor could detect CT concentration with a limit of detection of 9 x 10(-20) M or 0.09 aM, with a dynamic range between 0.1 aM and 10 pM. Good analytical reproducibility could be obtained by injecting CT up to 36 times with an RSD of 2.5%. In addition, good performance of the developed immunosensor was achieved when applied to turbid water samples collected from a local stream that were spiked with CT. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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