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| 2. |
- Abbadessa, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of Two Novel Bio-based Materials from Pulping Process Side Streams : Ecohelix and CleanFlow Black Lignin
- 2018
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In: BioResources. - : NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV DEPT WOOD & PAPER SCI. - 1930-2126 .- 1930-2126. ; 13:4, s. 7606-7627
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The characteristics of two novel types of technical lignin, namely Ecohelix (EH) and CleanFlow black lignin (CFBL), isolated from two different pulping process side streams, were analyzed. EH and CFBL were analyzed in terms of general composition, chemical functionalities, molar mass distribution, and thermal stability. For comparison, two relevant types of commercially available lignosulfonate and kraft lignin were used. The results showed that EH contains a large amount of sulfonated lignin, together with carbohydrates and ash. As such, it can be considered a lignin-carbohydrate hybrid molecule. CFBL was found to contain 91.5% Klason lignin and the lowest amount of carbohydrates (0.3%). EH showed the highest content of aliphatic OH groups (5.44 mmol/g) and CFBL a high content of phenols (4.73 mmol/g). EH had a molecular weight of 31.4 kDa and a sufficient thermal stability. CFBL had the lowest molecular weight (M-w = 2.0 kDa) and thermal stability of all kraft lignins analyzed in this study. These properties highlighted that EH is a suitable building block for material development and that CFBL is a promising material for the production of biofuel and biochemicals.
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| 3. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2012
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In: The European Physical Journal C. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6052. ; 72:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 5. |
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The Palgrave Handbook of Family Firm Internationalization
- 2021. - 1
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Family Firms (FFs) form the majority of all firms around the world and they account for an enormous percentage of the employment, the revenue, and the GDP of most capitalist countries. While MNCs have long been thought of as the main contributors to international business, it is now recognised that a substantial number of family firms are active in the international arena.This handbook focuses on the features which make family firm internationalization unique. Chapters provide FF specific theories and cover the process of FF internationalization. It examines the role of network ties and provides an insight into the development of family firms that have grown into big multinationals. Importantly this Handbook equips you with a better understanding of specific features of family firms as they internationalize from or to Asian or emerging markets.Family firms offer a fruitful context to study internationalization through a process perspective, therefore this Handbook is an invaluable source of knowledge for students, scholars and policy makers in the areas of family business, entrepreneurship and internationalization.
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| 6. |
- Zhang, Kaicheng, et al.
(author)
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SN 2014J in M82 : new insights on the spectral diversity of Type Ia supernovae
- 2018
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In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 481:1, s. 878-893
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present extensive spectroscopic observations for one of the closest Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), SN 2014J discovered in M82, ranging from 10.4 d before to 473.2 d after B-band maximum light. The diffuse interstellar band features detected in a high-resolution spectrum allow an estimate of line-of-sight extinction as A(v) similar to 1.9 +/- 0.6 mag. Spectroscopically, SN 2014J can be put into the high-velocity (HV) subgroup in Wang's classification with a velocity of Si II lambda 6355 at maximum light of upsilon(0) = 1.22 +/- 0.01 x 10(4) km s(-1) but has a low velocity gradient (LVG, following Benetti's classification) of (v) over bar = 41 +/- 2 km s(-1) d(-1), which is inconsistent with the trend that HV SNe Ia generally have larger velocity gradients. We find that the HV SNe Ia with LVGs tend to have relatively stronger Si III (at similar to 4400 angstrom) absorptions in early spectra, larger ratios of S II lambda 5468 to S II lambda 5640, and weaker Si II 5972 absorptions compared to their counterparts with similar velocities but high velocity gradients. This shows that the HV+ LVG subgroup of SNe Ia may have intrinsically higher photospheric temperature, which indicates that their progenitors may experience more complete burning in the explosions relative to the typical HV SNe Ia.
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| 8. |
- Wu, Yan, et al.
(author)
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Room Temperature Ferromagnetism and Fast Ultraviolet Photoresponse of Inkjet-Printed Mn-Doped ZnO Thin Films
- 2010
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In: IEEE transactions on magnetics. - 0018-9464 .- 1941-0069. ; 46:6, s. 2152-2155
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have synthesized Mn-doped ZnO thin films by inkjet printing using a two-step annealing process at 200 C for the decomposition of the organic compounds, and at various temperatures above 400 degrees C to tailor room temperature ferromagnetism. Highly c axis oriented 80 to 400 nm thin films on ( 001) Si substrates are obtained with a magnetic moment as large as 2.1 mu(B)/Mn2+. X-ray absorption and emission spectra measurements at the O K edge and the Mn L edge suggest strong p-d hybridization between the Mn2+ and O2-. Furthermore, Mn L edge XAS indicates the emergence of Mn3+ /Mn4+ mixed valence states for films annealed above 500 degrees C that leads to suppression of ferromagnetic ordering. All of these films show large and fast ultraviolet (UV) photoresponse with the decay times of about 0.5 ms, suggesting the potential for designing multifunctional UV sensors.
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| 9. |
- Wu, Y. S., et al.
(author)
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A compact tunable bandpass filter with high selectivity and low insertion loss using novel CRLH cell
- 2013
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In: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 27:12, s. 1466-1472
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents the realization of a tunable bandpass filter with high selectivity and low insertion loss using one tunable composite right/left-handed (CRLH) cell. The tunable CRLH cell is proposed with varactor diodes loaded both on series and shut circuits. Two shut circuits are designed to form the needed paralleled C-R and L-L, by which two transmission zeros beside the passband are obtained at the same time. Each varactor diode is shunted by a lumped capacitor for lower insertion loss. The filter is tuned by only one DC bias, which results in easily control and compact size. The measured results agree well with the simulated results, and a tunable range of the center frequency from 1.75 to 2.25GHz is achieved in measurement with the insertion loss less than 2.5dB.
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| 10. |
- Zhang, Kewei, et al.
(author)
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Safeguarding NMA enhanced Galileo os signals from distance-decreasing attacks
- 2019
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In: Proceedings of the 32nd International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, ION GNSS+ 2019. - Miami, Florida : Institute of Navigation. - 0936406232 - 9780936406237 ; , s. 4041-4052
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Increased use of global satellite navigation systems (GNSS), for applications such as autonomous vehicles, intelligent transportation systems and drones, heightens security concerns. Civil GNSS signals are vulnerable to notably spoofing and replay attacks. To counter such attacks, cryptographic methods are developed: Navigation Message Authentication (NMA) is one such scheme, about to be deployed for Galileo E1 Open Service (OS); it allows receivers to verify the signal origin and protects navigation message integrity. However, NMA signals cannot fully thwart replay attacks, which do not require forging navigation messages. Classic replay attacks, e.g, meaconing, retransmit previously recorded signals without any modification, thus highly limiting the capacity of the adversary. Distance-decreasing (DD) attacks are a strong type of replay attack, allowing fine-grained individual pseudorange manipulation in real time. Moreover, DD attacks counterbalance processing and transmission delays induced by adversary, by virtue of shifting earlier in time the perceived (relayed) signal arrival; thus shortening the pseudorange measurements. In this paper, we first analyze how DD attacks can harm the Galileo E1 OSNMA service assuming the adversary has no prior information on the navigation message. Moreover,we propose a DD attack detection method based on a Goodness of Fit test on the prompt correlator outputs of the victim. The results show that the method can detect the DD attacks even when the receiver has locked to the DD signals.
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