| 1. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby : DN Debatt 2015-06-11
- 2015
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 2. |
- Danared, Håkan, et al.
(author)
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Preface
- 2017
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In: IPAC 2018 : Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference - Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501823
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 3. |
- Ameur, Adam, et al.
(author)
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SweGen : a whole-genome data resource of genetic variability in a cross-section of the Swedish population
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 25:11, s. 1253-1260
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Here we describe the SweGen data set, a comprehensive map of genetic variation in the Swedish population. These data represent a basic resource for clinical genetics laboratories as well as for sequencing-based association studies by providing information on genetic variant frequencies in a cohort that is well matched to national patient cohorts. To select samples for this study, we first examined the genetic structure of the Swedish population using high-density SNP-array data from a nation-wide cohort of over 10 000 Swedish-born individuals included in the Swedish Twin Registry. A total of 1000 individuals, reflecting a cross-section of the population and capturing the main genetic structure, were selected for whole-genome sequencing. Analysis pipelines were developed for automated alignment, variant calling and quality control of the sequencing data. This resulted in a genome-wide collection of aggregated variant frequencies in the Swedish population that we have made available to the scientific community through the website https://swefreq.nbis.se. A total of 29.2 million single-nucleotide variants and 3.8 million indels were detected in the 1000 samples, with 9.9 million of these variants not present in current databases. Each sample contributed with an average of 7199 individual-specific variants. In addition, an average of 8645 larger structural variants (SVs) were detected per individual, and we demonstrate that the population frequencies of these SVs can be used for efficient filtering analyses. Finally, our results show that the genetic diversity within Sweden is substantial compared with the diversity among continental European populations, underscoring the relevance of establishing a local reference data set.
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| 4. |
- Carling, Anna, 1985-
(author)
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Impaired balance and fall risk in people with multiple sclerosis
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The symptoms from the neurological disease multiple sclerosis vary from person to person and over time. Impaired balance is common in people with multiple sclerosis and can lead to falls. Fall frequency is high in people with multiple sclerosis, above 50%. Multiple sclerosis affects not only the person having the disease but also their next of kin. To be able to reduce fall risk it is important to know when, why and where people with multiple sclerosis fall, and how to improve balance and reduce falls with exercise. It is also important to know how the falls affect the residing next of kin to people with multiple sclerosis.The overall aim of this thesis was to gain enhanced knowledge by investigating when and why people with MS fall and how these falls possibly affect their next of kin, and also to evaluate the effects and perceptions of participating in a specific balance exercise.Data were gathered using four different data collections, and this thesis contains both qualitative and quantitative data.The major finding in this thesis is that people with multiple sclerosis fall in the course of everyday life activities, most often in their own homes due to various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Balance can be improved and falls reduced and everyday life may be made easier and facilitated after participating in the CoDuSe balance exercise. This is important also for the next of kin, since they are adapting, adjusting and renouncing their activities due to the falls of the PwMS, in order to make it work for the whole family.
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| 5. |
- Chruzander, Charlotte, et al.
(author)
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Longitudinal changes in sickness absence and disability pension, and associations between disability pension and disease-specific and contextual factors and functioning, in people with multiple sclerosis.
- 2016
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In: Journal of the Neurological Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-510X .- 1878-5883. ; 367, s. 319-325
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Even though it is well known that disability due to MS is highly associated with employment status, the long-term longitudinal perspective on sickness absence and disability pension over the MS trajectory is lacking. In addition, further knowledge of risk factors for future disability pension is needed.OBJECTIVES: To explore long-term longitudinal changes in the prevalence of sickness absence and disability pension in people with MS (PwMS), as well as to explore associations between disease-specific factors, contextual factors and functioning, and the outcome of future full-time disability pension.METHODS: A prospective, population-based survival cohort study, with a nine year follow-up, including 114 PwMS was conducted by combining face-to-face collected data and register-based data.RESULTS: The prevalence of full-time disability pension increased from 20% to 50%, however 24% of the PwMS had no disability pension at all at end of follow-up. Sex, age, disease severity and impaired manual dexterity were associated with future full-time disability pension.CONCLUSIONS: The large increase in prevalence of PwMS on full-time disability pension during the MS trajectory, calls for the development and implementation of evidence-based interventions, aiming at keeping PwMS in the work force. Modifiable factors, such as manual dexterity should be targeted in such interventions.
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| 6. |
- Elf, Marie, et al.
(author)
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Self-reported fatigue and associated factors six years after stroke
- 2016
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In: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several studies have found that fatigue is one of the most commonly reported symptoms after stroke and the most difficult to cope with. The present study aimed to investigate the presence and severity of self-reported fatigue six years after stroke onset and associated factors. The cohort "Life After Stroke Phase I" (n = 349 persons) was invited at six years to report fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale 7-item version), perceived impact of stroke and global recovery after stroke (Stroke Impact Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), life satisfaction (Life Satisfaction Checklist) and participation in everyday social activities (Frenchay Activities Index). At six years 37% of the 102 participants in this cross-sectional study reported fatigue. The results showed that in nearly all SIS domains the odds for post-stroke fatigue were higher in persons with a higher perceived impact. Furthermore, the odds for post-stroke fatigue were higher in those who had experienced a moderate/severe stroke and had signs of depression and anxiety. Fatigue is still present in one-third of persons as long as six years after stroke onset and is perceived to hinder many aspects of functioning in everyday life. There is an urgent need to develop and evaluate interventions to reduce fatigue.
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| 7. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Describe Yourself, Know Yourself: Natural Language Descriptions of Personality and Dark Triad Traits
- 2016
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In: 28th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Using quantitative semantics we found that individuals’ freely generated self-descriptions are associated to measures of their dark traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). In addition, individuals who score high in these malevolent traits display self-awareness of their behavior by the words they choose to describe themselves (e.g., “mean”, “sarcastic”).
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Sverker
(author)
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All you need is love... or what?
- 2017
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- All you need is love… or what?Language is essentially always present in groups of modern humans. Even in the exceptional groups that for some reason are formed without language, language will invariably emerge in short order. Examples of language emergence in recent times include deaf communities in e.g. Nicaragua and Israel. Such newly-formed languages converge within a few generations towards the same general form and features as mainstream human languages.Language is essentially never present in groups of non-human primates. Even in the exceptional groups that are heavily exposed to language and explicitly trained in language use, progress in language acquisition is invariably modest at best. Language never emerges spontaneously in non-human groups.What’s special with humans? It is sometimes argued that “all you need is merge” (e.g. Berwick 2007), that a small genetic change provided a language-ready brain and the rest is history. This saltational view of language evolution is wrong for many reasons (e.g. Tallerman 2014), but I would add here another one.A language-ready brain is not an all-or-nothing affair, nor is it sufficient for language emergence. The results of language training in apes are modest, but not nil. Apes do learn to connect symbols with referents and use them communicatively. One may quibble about whether to call this “language”, and it is far from full human language, notably lacking in syntax. But it does show the presence of some language-relevant abilities in apes, and it is a functional communication tool at some protolinguistic level.But if ape brains are protolanguage-ready, why doesn’t protolanguage emerge in the wild among apes, as it does among humans? Clearly, some extra-linguistic key factor is lacking. A language-ready brain is not all you need for language emergence. In a group of hypothetical creatures with a human language faculty (narrow sense) but otherwise ape-like in psychology and behavior, language would not emerge.Human prosociality and shared intentionality are likely key ingredients in language emergence (e.g. Tomasello 2010), but are not the whole story. In this talk, I will explore the minimal extra-linguistic requirements for protolanguage emergence to get off the ground in protohumans. References:Berwick, R C (2011) All you Need is Merge: Biology, Computation, and Language from the Bottom-up. In di Sciullo & Boeckx The Biolinguistic Enterprise OUP.Tallerman M. (2014) No syntax saltation in language evolution. Language Sciences 46, 207-219.Tomasello, M (2010) Origins of human communication. MIT Press.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Sverker
(author)
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Clues to language evolution from a massive dataset with typology, phonology and vocabulary from many languages
- 2018
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In: Evolution of Language. Proceedings of Evolang XII. - Singapore : Nicolaus Copernicus University. - 9788323139911
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- 1. IntroductionA major component in the evolution of language is the evolution of the human language capacity, whatever biological endowments humans have that make us language-ready. But the language capacity is not well understood and is difficult to study directly. Clues may come from biases displayed by humans in language acquisition and language change. Even weak underlying biases can lead to strong patterns in the resulting languages (Smith, 2011). Biases can be studied at the individual level in learning experiments (e.g. Culbertson, 2012, Tamariz et al., of natural languages (e.g. Dediu & Ladd, 2007). Biases can be seen either in the synchronic patterns of language features today, or in the diachronic patterns of transition probabilities between features as languages culturally evolve (e.g. Dunn et al, 2011).Patterns that reveal biases may be found in any aspect of language, e.g. syntax, morphology, phonology, or lexicon, and may be subtle enough to be discernible only in large samples of languages. This work is an exploratory study across the widest possible set of languages, combining typological, phonological, lexical and phylogenetic data on a significant fraction of the languages of the world, with the goal of mapping any biases that may be present. Both synchronic and diachronic patterns are studied, with the emphasis on the latter.2. Data setThe following data sources are used:•Phylogeny and geography: Ethnologue (Simons & Fennig 2017); ~7,500 languages.• Phonological inventories: PHOIBLE (Moran & McCloy & Wright 2014); ~1,800 languages.• Typology: WALS (Dryer & Haspelmath 2013); ~2,500 languages.• Lexicon (Swadesh lists): Rosetta Project Digital Language Archive (2009); ~1,300 languages.All four types of data are available for ~300 languages. At least three types are available for ~1,600 languages from 132 different stocks. In order to keep the data set as homogeneous as possible, each type of data has been imported from a single source only. Languages are identified between data sources by their ISO codes. 3. MethodsThe language phylogeny from Ethnologue is taken as given in the analysis. For the synchronic analysis, the phylogeny is taken into account in the character statistics by down-weighting multiple “hits” in the same family, in order to control for phylogenetic bias and lineage-specific patterns. Geographic data is also available to control for areal effects. Cross-correlations between different types of characters are analysed for possible patterns. For the diachronic analysis, the phylogeny together with modern-day character data are used to infer both ancestral character states up the language tree for phonological and typological characters, and transitional probabilities between states (including the probability of characters appearing and disappearing), in a bootstrapping process. 4. Some preliminary resultsWell-known typological patterns are reproduced. But correlations between features are observed that go beyond those normally discussed in typology, or those observed by Dunn et al (2011). Interestingly, there are also some modest cross-correlations between grammatical features and phonemes. For example, the presence of aspirated consonants and nasal vowels correlates with certain word- order features, even after controlling for phylogeny. In the diachronic analysis, there are hints of patterns beyond the obvious one that transition probabilities into common features are larger, but much work remains to be done in the interpretation of these patterns.
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