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| 2. |
- Gong, Mei, 1967-, et al.
(author)
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Coordination of exergy analysis and the MIND method - applied to a pulp and board mill
- 2004
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In: International Journal of Exergy. - 1742-8297 .- 1742-8300. ; 1:3, s. 289-302
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The MIND (Method for analysis of INDustrial energy systems) method has been developed for cost optimisation of industrial energy systems, mainly with regard to quantities of energy. Exergy analysis reveals losses, efficiencies and possible improvements. These methods can be combined in order to improve industrial energy systems. In this paper, a Swedish pulp and board mill is used as a case study. The efficiencies of the processes in the mill are evaluated using exergy analysis. The most exergy inefficient processes are indicated and some improvements are suggested. This case study shows that it is the boilers and the evaporation plant that are the most inefficient processes, with efficiencies down to 29%. Different investment alternatives for these processes are studied and cost optimisation is achieved using the MIND method. The study shows that the energy costs can be reduced by up to 15 million Euros per year while the exergy efficiency can be improved by up to 14%. The combined approach shows that the energy cost-efficient alternatives are also usually exergy efficient.
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, 1967, et al.
(author)
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PMD Compensation Using 2R and 3R Regenerators
- 2004
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In: Proceedings of European Conference on Optical Communication, ECOC 2004´, Stockholm, Sweden,September 5-9, 2004. ; , s. Paper We1.4.2-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, 1967, et al.
(author)
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Quaternion approach to PMD and PDL phenomena in optical fiber systems
- 2004
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In: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; 22:4, s. 1137-1146
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we introduce the concept of quaternions (which is a generalization of the complex numbers) and quaternion calculus and demonstrate how this theory may be used to simplify the treatment of polarization phenomena in optical fibers. We apply quaternion calculus to two examples: 1) the description of polarization-dependent loss (PDL) elements and concatenation of such and 2) the description of pulse dynamics and broadening in transmission lines with both polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) and PDL. Finally we present some novel results from the investigation of pulse broadening in a simple system comprising a PMD element, followed by a perfect polarizer.
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| 7. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, 1967, et al.
(author)
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Solitons: Soliton Communication Systems
- 2004
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In: Encyclopedia of Modern Optics, Five-Volume Set. - 9780123693952 ; , s. 65-72
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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