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- Thompson, Paul M., et al.
(author)
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The ENIGMA Consortium : large-scale collaborative analyses of neuroimaging and genetic data
- 2014
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In: BRAIN IMAGING BEHAV. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1931-7557 .- 1931-7565. ; 8:2, s. 153-182
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium is a collaborative network of researchers working together on a range of large-scale studies that integrate data from 70 institutions worldwide. Organized into Working Groups that tackle questions in neuroscience, genetics, and medicine, ENIGMA studies have analyzed neuroimaging data from over 12,826 subjects. In addition, data from 12,171 individuals were provided by the CHARGE consortium for replication of findings, in a total of 24,997 subjects. By meta-analyzing results from many sites, ENIGMA has detected factors that affect the brain that no individual site could detect on its own, and that require larger numbers of subjects than any individual neuroimaging study has currently collected. ENIGMA's first project was a genome-wide association study identifying common variants in the genome associated with hippocampal volume or intracranial volume. Continuing work is exploring genetic associations with subcortical volumes (ENIGMA2) and white matter microstructure (ENIGMA-DTI). Working groups also focus on understanding how schizophrenia, bipolar illness, major depression and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affect the brain. We review the current progress of the ENIGMA Consortium, along with challenges and unexpected discoveries made on the way.
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- Chan, R, et al.
(author)
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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels in relation to blood pressure in a cross-sectional study in older Chinese men.
- 2012
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In: Journal of human hypertension. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5527 .- 0950-9240. ; 26:1, s. 20-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and their associations with blood pressure in Chinese population are unknown. This study examined these associations in older Chinese men. Blood pressure, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and PTH was measured in 939 community-dwelling Chinese men aged 65 years and older. Linear regression analyses were performed with adjustments for age, body mass index, education, season of measurement, medication use, self-reported history of stroke and Parkinson's disease, and other lifestyle factors. In either crude or adjusted models, serum 25OHD was not associated with blood pressure, whereas increasing PTH levels was associated with higher blood pressure. Men in the highest quartile of serum PTH level had a mean difference of 3.4mmHg and 2.8mmHg higher in as systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), respectively, than men in the lowest quartile of serum PTH level (P(trend)=0.019 for SBP and <0.001 for DBP). In conclusion, the findings support an association between serum PTH and blood pressure, but not for serum 25OHD in older Chinese men whose vitamin D status is optimal. The lack of association between serum 25OHD and blood pressure may possibly because of the relatively high serum 25OHD levels of the study sample.
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- Gomez, L. F., et al.
(author)
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Shapes and vorticities of superfluid helium nanodroplets
- 2014
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 345:6199, s. 906-909
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Helium nanodroplets are considered ideal model systems to explore quantum hydrodynamics in self-contained, isolated superfluids. However, exploring the dynamic properties of individual droplets is experimentally challenging. In this work, we used single-shot femtosecond x-ray coherent diffractive imaging to investigate the rotation of single, isolated superfluid helium-4 droplets containing ~108 to 1011 atoms. The formation of quantum vortex lattices inside the droplets is confirmed by observing characteristic Bragg patterns from xenon clusters trapped in the vortex cores. The vortex densities are up to five orders of magnitude larger than those observed in bulk liquid helium. The droplets exhibit large centrifugal deformations but retain axially symmetric shapes at angular velocities well beyond the stability range of viscous classical droplets.
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| 7. |
- Huang, Z. Y., et al.
(author)
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DETECTION OF MULTIPLE BIPOLAR FLOWS IN NGC 7027 WITH SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY
- 2010
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In: Astrophysical Journal. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 722:1, s. 273-280
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Highly collimated multiple bipolar flows are detected with a 3 '' resolution in the HCO+ (J = 3-2) and HCN (J = 3-2) lines in the young planetary nebula NGC 7027 with the Submillimeter Array. The HCO+ and HCN flows coincide in location and velocity with compact and fast CO flows detected with similar to 6 '' resolutions with other millimeter arrays. The equatorial molecular torus of NGC 7027 is captured in HCO+ emission in the present observations. The HCO+ emission also closely follows the H-2 emission, indicating that the present observations probe the photon-dominated region of the molecular envelope of NGC 7027.
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- Kwok, T, et al.
(author)
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ACE inhibitor use was associated with lower serum dehydroepiandrosterone concentrations in older men.
- 2010
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In: Clinica chimica acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3492 .- 0009-8981. ; 411:15-16, s. 1122-5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- CONTEXT: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity may influence the production of adrenal androgen precursors and testosterone. Use of ACE inhibitors may therefore have an influence on serum sex hormone concentrations in older men. DESIGN AND METHODS: 1486 out of 2,000 community-dwelling Chinese men aged 65years who participated in a cohort study were randomly selected to have archived fasting morning serum analyzed for androgen precursors and sex hormones. DNA was extracted from whole blood and analyzed for ACE gene I/D polymorphism. RESULTS: Subjects with the ACE gene D allele (higher ACE activity) had higher serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulphate and DHEA than those with I/I genotype (P=0.014 and 0.018 respectively, Mann Whitney test). These differences were not significant after Bonferroni correction. Among those with history of hypertension, but without diabetes mellitus or cardiac failure, users of ACE inhibitors had significantly lower serum DHEA (median 1.78 versus 1.49ng/ml in non-users, P=0.0074, Mann Whitney test) and also tended to have lower serum androstenedione and androst-5-ene-3beta,17beta-diol (0.68 versus 0.72ng/ml in non-users; 552.4 versus 624.1pg/ml respectively, both P values <0.05). Serum testosterone and estradiol were not significantly changed. CONCLUSIONS: ACE inhibitor use was associated with lower serum DHEA in older men.
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| 10. |
- Van Deerlin, Vivian M, et al.
(author)
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Common variants at 7p21 are associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions
- 2010
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 42:3, s. 234-239
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is the second most common cause of presenile dementia. The predominant neuropathology is FTLD with TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) inclusions (FTLD-TDP). FTLD-TDP is frequently familial, resulting from mutations in GRN (which encodes progranulin). We assembled an international collaboration to identify susceptibility loci for FTLD-TDP through a genome-wide association study of 515 individuals with FTLD-TDP. We found that FTLD-TDP associates with multiple SNPs mapping to a single linkage disequilibrium block on 7p21 that contains TMEM106B. Three SNPs retained genome-wide significance following Bonferroni correction (top SNP rs1990622, P = 1.08 x 10(-11); odds ratio, minor allele (C) 0.61, 95% CI 0.53-0.71). The association replicated in 89 FTLD-TDP cases (rs1990622; P = 2 x 10(-4)). TMEM106B variants may confer risk of FTLD-TDP by increasing TMEM106B expression. TMEM106B variants also contribute to genetic risk for FTLD-TDP in individuals with mutations in GRN. Our data implicate variants in TMEM106B as a strong risk factor for FTLD-TDP, suggesting an underlying pathogenic mechanism.
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