| 1. |
- Aad, G, et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(author)
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The Visual Object Tracking VOT2015 challenge results
- 2015
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In: Proceedings 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops ICCVW 2015. - : IEEE. - 9780769557205 ; , s. 564-586
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOT2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 62 trackers are presented. The number of tested trackers makes VOT 2015 the largest benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. Features of the VOT2015 challenge that go beyond its VOT2014 predecessor are: (i) a new VOT2015 dataset twice as large as in VOT2014 with full annotation of targets by rotated bounding boxes and per-frame attribute, (ii) extensions of the VOT2014 evaluation methodology by introduction of a new performance measure. The dataset, the evaluation kit as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 3. |
- Li, Dong, et al.
(author)
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Ionic switch controls the DNA state in phage λ.
- 2015
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In: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1362-4962 .- 0305-1048. ; 43:13, s. 6348-6358
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have recently found that DNA packaged in phage λ undergoes a disordering transition triggered by temperature, which results in increased genome mobility. This solid-to-fluid like DNA transition markedly increases the number of infectious λ particles facilitating infection. However, the structural transition strongly depends on temperature and ionic conditions in the surrounding medium. Using titration microcalorimetry combined with solution X-ray scattering, we mapped both energetic and structural changes associated with transition of the encapsidated λ-DNA. Packaged DNA needs to reach a critical stress level in order for transition to occur. We varied the stress on DNA in the capsid by changing the temperature, packaged DNA length and ionic conditions. We found striking evidence that the intracapsid DNA transition is 'switched on' at the ionic conditions mimicking those in vivo and also at the physiologic temperature of infection at 37°C. This ion regulated on-off switch of packaged DNA mobility in turn affects viral replication. These results suggest a remarkable adaptation of phage λ to the environment of its host bacteria in the human gut. The metastable DNA state in the capsid provides a new paradigm for the physical evolution of viruses.
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| 4. |
- Li, Wei, et al.
(author)
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Heat transfer to aviation kerosene flowing upward in smooth tubes at supercritical pressures
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0017-9310. ; 85, s. 1084-1094
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study experimentally investigated convective heat transfer performances of China RP-3 kerosene flowing in a vertical upward tube under supercritical pressures. Effects of mass flux, heat flux, pressure and inlet temperature on the heat transfer performance were given in detail. The influences of buoyancy and flow acceleration under different flow conditions were discussed as well. It was found that the inner wall temperature varies non-linearly at different mass fluxes. Heat transfer is improved when the fuel temperature is around the critical temperature. The heat transfer coefficient increases as heat flux or inlet temperature increases, while increase in inlet pressure reduces heat transfer coefficient. Besides, as nanofluids generally have higher thermal conductivity compared to their corresponding base fluids (i.e. kerosene), the heat transfer characteristics of Fe3O4-kerosene nanofluid was also investigated. It was found that the addition of nanoparticles tends to deteriorate the heat transfer performance of nanofluids flowing in a vertical tube under supercritical pressure. As the particle content increases, the heat transfer coefficient decreases due to the modification of the inner wall surface by the nanoparticles. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Rothfels, Carl J., et al.
(author)
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The evolutionary history of ferns inferred from 25 low-copy nuclear genes
- 2015
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In: American Journal of Botany. - : Wiley. - 0002-9122 .- 1537-2197. ; 102:7, s. 1089-1107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Understanding fern (monilophyte) phylogeny and its evolutionary timescale is critical for broad investigations of the evolution of land plants, and for providing the point of comparison necessary for studying the evolution of the fern sister group, seed plants. Molecular phylogenetic investigations have revolutionized our understanding of fern phylogeny, however, to date, these studies have relied almost exclusively on plastid data. METHODS: Here we take a curated phylogenomics approach to infer the first broad fern phylogeny from multiple nuclear loci, by combining broad taxon sampling (73 ferns and 12 outgroup species) with focused character sampling (25 loci comprising 35 877 bp), along with rigorous alignment, orthology inference and model selection. KEY RESULTS: Our phylogeny corroborates some earlier inferences and provides novel insights; in particular, we find strong support for Equisetales as sister to the rest of ferns, Marattiales as sister to leptosporangiate ferns, and Dennstaedtiaceae as sister to the eupolypods. Our divergence-time analyses reveal that divergences among the extant fern orders all occurred prior to similar to 200 MYA. Finally, our species-tree inferences are congruent with analyses of concatenated data, but generally with lower support. Those cases where species-tree support values are higher than expected involve relationships that have been supported by smaller plastid datasets, suggesting that deep coalescence may be reducing support from the concatenated nuclear data. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates the utility of a curated phylogenomics approach to inferring fern phylogeny, and highlights the need to consider underlying data characteristics, along with data quantity, in phylogenetic studies.
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| 6. |
- Bosch Campos, Ana, et al.
(author)
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PI3K inhibition results in enhanced estrogen receptor function and dependence in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer
- 2015
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In: Science Translational Medicine. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1946-6234 .- 1946-6242. ; 7:283, s. 1-11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Activating mutations of PIK3CA are the most frequent genomic alterations in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast tumors, and selective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase a (PI3Kα) inhibitors are in clinical development. The activity of these agents, however, is not homogeneous, and only a fraction of patients bearing PIK3CA-mutant ER-positive tumors benefit from single-agent administration. Searching for mechanisms of resistance, we observed that suppression of PI3K signaling results in induction of ER-dependent transcriptional activity, as demonstrated by changes in expression of genes containing ER-binding sites and increased occupancy by the ER of promoter regions of upregulated genes. Furthermore, expression of ESR1 mRNA and ER protein were also increased upon PI3K inhibition. These changes in gene expression were confirmed in vivo in xenografts and patient-derived models and in tumors from patients undergoing treatment with the PI3Kα inhibitor BYL719. The observed effects on transcription were enhanced by the addition of estradiol and suppressed by the anti-ER therapies fulvestrant and tamoxifen. Fulvestrant markedly sensitized ER-positive tumors to PI3Kα inhibition, resulting in major tumor regressions in vivo. We propose that increased ER transcriptional activity may be a reactive mechanism that limits the activity of PI3K inhibitors and that combined PI3K and ER inhibition is a rational approach to target these tumors.
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| 7. |
- Chen, Hong, et al.
(author)
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PKU-3 : An HCI-Inclusive Aluminoborate for Strecker Reaction Solved by Combining RED and PXRD
- 2015
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In: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 137:22, s. 7047-7050
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel microporous aluminoborate, denoted as PKU-3, was prepared by the boric acid flux method. The structure of PKU-3 was determined by combining the rotation electron diffraction and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data with well resolved ordered Cl- ions in the channel. Composition and crystal structure analysis showed that there are both proton and chlorine ions in the channels. Part of these protons and chlorine ions can be washed away by basic solutions to activate the open pores. The washed PKU-3 can be used as an efficient catalyst in the Strecker reaction with yields higher than 90%.
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| 8. |
- Fang, Xin, et al.
(author)
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Effects of inclusion size on thermal conductivity and rheological behavior of ethylene glycol-based suspensions containing silver nanowires with various specific surface areas
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0017-9310 .- 1879-2189. ; 81, s. 554-562
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This work is concerned with the size effects of Ag nanowires on thermal conductivity and rheological behavior of EG-based suspensions. The influences of inclusion concentration and temperature on the thermophysical properties of specimens containing three types of Ag nanowires were also investigated. It was shown that the measured thermal conductivity of EG-based suspensions increased with the rising temperature and loading. Besides, the relative enhancement in thermal conductivity exhibited a linear relationship with respect to the specific surface area of Ag nanowires. A theoretical approach was developed to predict the effective thermal conductivity of suspensions containing nanowires by introducing liquid layer into account. The Ag nanowires/EG interface thermal resistances were extracted from the experimental results, which ranged from 2.0 x 10(8) to 5 x 10(8) m(2) K/W. Furthermore, a comparative study revealed the excellent performance of Ag nanowires used in present work on improving thermal conductivity compared with the reported studies. Finally, the presence of Ag nanowires with the highest aspect ratio (250) was concluded as the main explanation of a noticeable rise in dynamic viscosity and non-Brownian fluid behavior of EG-based suspensions at the highest loading (10 mg/mL).
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Guan, Pei-Pei, et al.
(author)
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By activating matrix metalloproteinase-7, shear stress promotes chondrosarcoma cell motility, invasion and lung colonization.
- 2015
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In: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 6:11, s. 9140-9159
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interstitial fluid flow and associated shear stress are relevant mechanical signals in cartilage and bone (patho)physiology. However, their effects on chondrosarcoma cell motility, invasion and metastasis have yet to be delineated. Using human SW1353, HS.819.T and CH2879 chondrosarcoma cell lines as model systems, we found that fluid shear stress induces the accumulation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which in turn markedly enhance chondrosarcoma cell motility and invasion via the induction of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7). Specifically, shear-induced cAMP and IL-1β activate PI3-K, ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways, which lead to the synthesis of MMP-7 via transactivating NF-κB and c-Jun in human chondrosarcoma cells. Importantly, MMP-7 upregulation in response to shear stress exposure has the ability to promote lung colonization of chondrosarcomas in vivo. These findings offer a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying MMP-7 activation in shear-stimulated chondrosarcoma cells, and provide insights on designing new therapeutic strategies to interfere with chondrosarcoma invasion and metastasis.
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