1.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Medium Modification of Jet Fragmentation in Au plus Au Collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV Measured in Direct Photon-Hadron Correlations
2013
In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 111:3
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The jet fragmentation function is measured with direct photon-hadron correlations in p + p and Au + Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV. The P-T of the photon is an excellent approximation to the initial P-T of the jet and the ratio Z(T) = P-T(h)/P-T(gamma) is used as a proxy for the jet fragmentation function. A statistical subtraction is used to extract the direct photon-hadron yields in Au + Au collisions while a photon isolation cut is applied in p + p. I-AA, the ratio of hadron yield opposite the photon in Au + Au to that in p + p, indicates modification of the jet fragmentation function. Suppression, most likely due to energy loss in the medium, is seen at high Z(T). The associated hadron yield at low Z(T) is enhanced at large angles. Such a trend is expected from redistribution of the lost energy into increased production of low-momentum particles.
2.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Direct photon production in d+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV
2013
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 87:5
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
Direct photons have been measured in root s(NN) = 200 GeV d + Au collisions at midrapidity. A wide p(T) range is covered by measurements of nearly real virtual photons (1 < p(T) < 6 GeV/c) and real photons (5 < p(T) < 16 GeV/c). The invariant yield of the direct photons in d + Au collisions over the scaled p + p cross section is consistent with unity. Theoretical calculations assuming standard cold-nuclear-matter effects describe the data well for the entire p(T) range. This indicates that the large enhancement of direct photons observed in Au + Au collisions for 1.0 < p(T) < 2.5 GeV/c is attributable to a source other than the initial-state nuclear effects.
3.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
gamma (1S+2S+3S) production in d plus Au and p plus p collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV and cold-nuclear-matter effects
2013
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 87:4
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The three gamma states, gamma (1S + 2S + 3S), are measured in d + Au and p + p collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV and rapidities 1.2 < vertical bar y vertical bar < 2.2 by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Cross sections for the inclusive gamma (1S + 2S + 3S) production are obtained. The inclusive yields per binary collision for d + Au collisions relative to those in p + p collisions (R-dAu) are found to be 0.62 +/- 0.26 (stat) +/- 0.13 (syst) in the gold-going direction and 0.91 +/- 0.33 (stat) +/- 0.16 (syst) in the deuteron-going direction. The measured results are compared to a nuclear-shadowing model, EPS09 [Eskola et al., J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2009) 065], combined with a final-state breakup cross section, sigma(br), and compared to lower energy p + A results. We also compare the results to the PHENIX J/psi results [Adare et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 142301 (2011)]. The rapidity dependence of the observed gamma suppression is consistent with lower energy p + A measurements. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.044909
4.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Spectra and ratios of identified particles in Au plus Au and d plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV
2013
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 88:2
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The transverse momentum (p(T)) spectra and ratios of identified charged hadrons (pi(+/-), K-+/-, p, (p) over bar) produced in root s(NN) = 200 GeV Au + Au and d + Au collisions are reported in five different centrality classes for each collision species. The measurements of pions and protons are reported up to p(T) = 6 GeV/c (5 GeV/c), and the measurements of kaons are reported up to p(T) = 4 GeV/c (3.5 GeV/c) in Au + Au (d + Au) collisions. In the intermediate p(T) region, between 2 and 5 GeV/c, a significant enhancement of baryon-to-meson ratios compared to those measured in p + p collisions is observed. This enhancement is present in both Au + Au and d + Au collisions and increases as the collisions become more central. We compare a class of peripheral Au + Au collisions with a class of central d + Au collisions which have a comparable number of participating nucleons and binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The p(T)-dependent particle ratios for these classes display a remarkable similarity, which is then discussed.
5.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Transverse-momentum dependence of the J/psi nuclear modification in d+Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV
2013
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 87:3
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
We present measured J/psi production rates in d + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV over broad ranges of transverse momentum (p(T) = 0-14 GeV/c) and rapidity (-2.2 < y < 2.2). We construct the nuclear-modification factor R-dAu for these kinematics and as a function of collision centrality (related to impact parameter for the d + Au collision). We find that the modification is largest for collisions with small impact parameters and observe a suppression (R-dAu < 1) for p(T) < 4 GeV/c at positive rapidities. At negative rapidity we observe a suppression for p(T) < 2 GeV/c then an enhancement (R-dAu > 1) for p(T) > 2 GeV/c. The observed enhancement at negative rapidity has implications for the interpretation of the observed modification in heavy-ion collisions at high p(T). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.034904
6.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Azimuthal anisotropy of pi(0) and eta mesons in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV
2013
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 88:6
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The azimuthal anisotropy coefficients v2 and v4 of p 0 and. mesons are measured in Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV as a function of transverse momentum p(T) (1-14 GeV/c) and centrality. The extracted v(2) coefficients are found to be consistent between the two meson species over the measured p(T) range. The ratio of v(4)/v(2)(2) for pi(0) mesons is found to be independent of p(T) for 1- 9 GeV/c, implying a lack of sensitivity of the ratio to the change of underlying physics with p(T). Furthermore, the ratio of v(4)/v(2)(2) is systematically larger in central collisions, which may reflect the combined effects of fluctuations in the initial collision geometry and finite viscosity in the evolving medium.
7.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Neutral pion production with respect to centrality and reaction plane in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV
2013
In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 87:3
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The PHENIX experiment has measured the production of pi(0)s in Au + Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV. The new data offer a fourfold increase in recorded luminosity, providing higher precision and a larger reach in transverse momentum, p(T), to 20 GeV/c. The production ratio of eta/pi(0) is 0.46 +/- 0.01(stat) +/- 0.05(syst), constant with p(T) and collision centrality. The observed ratio is consistent with earlier measurements, as well as with the p + p and d + Au values. pi(0) are suppressed by a factor of 5, as in earlier findings. However, with the improved statistical precision a small but significant rise of the nuclear modification factor R-AA vs p(T), with a slope of 0.0106 +/-(0.0034)(0.0029) (Gev/c)(-1), is discernible in central collisions. A phenomenological extraction of the average fractional parton energy loss shows a decrease with increasing p(T). To study the path-length dependence of suppression, the pi(0) yield is measured at different angles with respect to the event plane; a strong azimuthal dependence of the pi(0) R-AA is observed. The data are compared to theoretical models of parton energy loss as a function of the path length L in the medium. Models based on perturbative quantum chromodynamics are insufficient to describe the data, while a hybrid model utilizing pQCD for the hard interactions and anti-de-Sitter space/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) for the soft interactions is consistent with the data. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.034911
8.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Nuclear Modification of psi ', chi(c), and J/psi Production in d plus Au Collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV
2013
In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 111:20
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
We present results for three charmonia states (psi' chi(c), and J/ psi) in d + Au collisions at vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.35 and root s(NN) = 200 GeV. We find that the modification of the psi' yield relative to that of the J/ psi scales approximately with charged particle multiplicity at midrapidity across p + A, d + Au, and A + A results from the Super Proton Synchrotron and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In large-impact-parameter collisions we observe a similar suppression for the psi' and J/ psi, while in small-impact-parameter collisions the more weakly bound psi' is more strongly suppressed. Owing to the short time spent traversing the Au nucleus, the larger psi' suppression in central events is not explained by an increase of the nuclear absorption owing to meson formation time effects.
9.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Quadrupole Anisotropy in Dihadron Azimuthal Correlations in Central d plus Au Collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV
2013
In: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 111:21
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The PHENIX collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) reports measurements of azimuthal dihadron correlations near midrapidity in d + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. These measurements complement recent analyses by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) involving central p + Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV, which have indicated strong anisotropic long-range correlations in angular distributions of hadron pairs. The origin of these anisotropies is currently unknown. Various competing explanations include parton saturation and hydrodynamic flow. We observe qualitatively similar, but larger, anisotropies in d + Au collisions at RHIC compared to those seen in p + Pb collisions at the LHC. The larger extracted upsilon(2) values in d + Au are consistent with expectations from hydrodynamic calculations owing to the larger expected initial-state eccentricity compared with that from p + Pb collisions. When both are divided by an estimate of the initial-state eccentricity the scaled anisotropies follow a common trend with multiplicity that may extend to heavy ion data at RHIC and the LHC, where the anisotropies are widely thought to arise from hydrodynamic flow.
10.
Adare, A., et al.
(author)
Inclusive cross section and single transverse spin asymmetry for very forward neutron production in polarized p plus p collisions at root s=200 GeV
2013
In: Physical Review D (Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology). - 1550-2368. ; 88:3
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The energy dependence of the single-transverse-spin asymmetry, A(N), and the cross section for neutron production at very forward angles were measured in the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider for polarized p + p collisions at root s = 200 GeV. The neutrons were observed in forward detectors covering an angular range of up to 2.2 mrad. We report results for neutrons with a momentum fraction of x(F) = 0.45 to 1.0. The energy dependence of the measured cross sections were consistent with x(F) scaling, compared to measurements by an experiment at the Intersecting Storage Ring, which measured neutron production in unpolarized p + p collisions at root s = 30.6-62.7 GeV. The cross sections for large x(F) neutron production for p + p collisions, as well as those in e + p collisions measured at the Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator, are described by a pion exchange mechanism. The observed forward neutron asymmetries were large, reaching A(N) = -0.08 +/- 0.02 for x(F) = 0.8; the measured backward asymmetries, for negative x(F), were consistent with zero. The observed asymmetry for forward neutron production is discussed within the pion exchange framework, with interference between the spin-flip amplitude due to the pion exchange and nonflip amplitudes from all Reggeon exchanges. Within the pion exchange description, the measured neutron asymmetry is sensitive to the contribution of other Reggeon exchanges even for small amplitudes.