| 1. |
- Journeau, C., et al.
(author)
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European Research on the Corium issues within the SARNET network of excellence
- 2008
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In: International Conference on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants, ICAPP 2008. - 9781605607870 ; , s. 1172-1181
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Within SARNET, the corium topic covers all the behaviors of corium from early phase of core degradation to in or ex-vessel corium recovery with the exception of corium interaction with water, direct containment heating and fission product release. The corium topic regroups in three work packages the critical mass of competence required to improve significantly the corium behavior knowledge. The spirit of the SARNET networking is to share the knowledge, the facilities and the simulation tools for severe accidents, so to reach a better efficiency and to rationalize the R&D effort at European level. Extensive benchmarking has been launched in most of the areas of research. These benchmarks were mainly dedicated to the recalculation of experiments, while, in the next periods, a larger focus will be given to integral experiments or reactor applications. Eventually, all the knowledge will be accumulated in the ASTEC severe accident simulation code through physical model improvements and extension of validation database. This paper summarizes the progress that has been achieved in the frame of the networking activities. A special focus is placed on the melt pool and debris coolability and corium-concrete interaction, in which, the effects due to multidimensional geometries and heterogeneities has been shown, during SARNET, to play a crucial role and for which further research is still needed.
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| 2. |
- Milz, Mathias, et al.
(author)
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Validation of water vapour profiles (version 13) retrieved by the IMK/IAA scientific retrieval processor based on full resolution spectra measured by MIPAS on board Envisat
- 2009
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In: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 2:2, s. 379-399
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vertical profiles of stratospheric water vapour measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) with the full resolution mode between September 2002 and March 2004 and retrieved with the IMK/IAA scientific retrieval processor were compared to a number of independent measurements in order to estimate the bias and to validate the existing precision estimates of the MIPAS data. The estimated precision for MIPAS is 5 to 10% in the stratosphere, depending on altitude, latitude, and season. The independent instruments were: the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE), the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS), the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer-II (ILAS-II), the Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM III) instrument, the Middle Atmospheric Water Vapour Radiometer (MIAWARA), the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, balloon-borne version (MIPAS-B), the Airborne Microwave Stratospheric Observing System(AMSOS), the Fluorescent Stratospheric Hygrometer for Balloon (FLASH-B), the NOAA frostpoint hygrometer, and the Fast In Situ Hygrometer (FISH). For the in-situ measurements and the ground based, air- and balloon borne remote sensing instruments, the measurements are restricted to central and northern Europe. The comparisons to satellite-borne instruments are predominantly at mid- to high latitudes on both hemispheres. In the stratosphere there is no clear indicationof a bias in MIPAS data, because the independent measurements in some cases are drier and in some cases are moister than the MIPAS measurements. Compared to the infrared measurements of MIPAS, measurements in the ultraviolet and visible have a tendency to be high, whereas microwave measurements have a tendency to be low. Theresults of chi2-based precision validation are somewhat controversial among the comparison estimates. However, for comparison instruments whose error budget also includes errors due to uncertainties in spectrally interfering species and where good coincidences were found, the chi2 values found are in the expected range or even below. This suggests that there is no evidence of systematically underestimated MIPAS random errors.
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| 3. |
- Lindblad, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Implicit-explicit Runge-Kutta methods for stiff combustion problems
- 2009
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In: SHOCK WAVES, VOL 1, PROCEEDINGS. - Berlin, Heidelberg : SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN. ; , s. 299-+, s. 299-304
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- New high order implicit-explicit Runge-Kutta methods have been developed and implemented into a finite volume code to solve the Navier-Stokes equations for reacting gas mixtures. If only the stiff chemistry is treated implicitly, the linear systems in each Newton iteration are simple and solved directly. Numerical simulations of deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) show the potential of the new time integration for computational combustion.
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| 4. |
- Vogt, Carmen M., et al.
(author)
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Optimised synthetic route for tuneable shell Si02@Fe304 core-shell nanoparticles
- 2009
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In: Advances in material design for regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and targeting/imaging. - : Materials Research Society. - 9781605111124 ; , s. 209-214
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Multifunctional nanoparticles (that have in their structure different components that can perform various functions) are subject of intensive research activities as they find a large variety of applications in numerous biomedical fields from enhancement of image contrast in MRI to different magnetically controllable drug delivery systems. In this study we report on the synthesis of well-separated, monodisperse single core-shell Si02@Fe304 nanoparticles with an overall diameter of ̃30 nm. The influence of stirring rate and reaction time on synthesis of tuneable shell thickness core-shell nanoparticles is reported. Particles' cell toxicity and performance as MRI contrast agents were also studied due to their promising biological applications (as contrast agents, cell labelling and separation, drug delivery systems, etc.) and results are promising in terms of MRI performance as well as having no significant cytotoxicity.
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