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- Munk, P., et al.
(author)
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Genomic analysis of sewage from 101 countries reveals global landscape of antimicrobial resistance
- 2022
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global health. Understanding the emergence, evolution, and transmission of individual antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is essential to develop sustainable strategies combatting this threat. Here, we use metagenomic sequencing to analyse ARGs in 757 sewage samples from 243 cities in 101 countries, collected from 2016 to 2019. We find regional patterns in resistomes, and these differ between subsets corresponding to drug classes and are partly driven by taxonomic variation. The genetic environments of 49 common ARGs are highly diverse, with most common ARGs carried by multiple distinct genomic contexts globally and sometimes on plasmids. Analysis of flanking sequence revealed ARG-specific patterns of dispersal limitation and global transmission. Our data furthermore suggest certain geographies are more prone to transmission events and should receive additional attention.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- de Oliveira e Silva, Jose Claudio, et al.
(author)
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EMC considerations for JLRL direct lightning current measurement
- 2022
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In: 2022 36Th International Conference On Lightning Protection (ICLP 2022). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). ; , s. 26-31
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) considerations made to the direct lightning current measuring system that is part of the Johannesburg Lightning Research Laboratory (JLRL) are presented. The output voltages from two series connected shunts and the sending of their analog signals downward a tower to the measuring system, makes this measuring setup particularly critical regarding immunity against the strong effects of the lightning current.
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| 5. |
- Stenman, Göran, 1953, et al.
(author)
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Chromosome Translocations, Gene Fusions, and Their Molecular Consequences in Pleomorphic Salivary Gland Adenomas
- 2022
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In: Biomedicines. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-9059. ; 10:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Salivary gland tumors are a heterogeneous group of tumors originating from the major and minor salivary glands. The pleomorphic adenoma (PA), which is the most common subtype, is a benign lesion showing a remarkable morphologic diversity and that, upon recurrence or malignant transformation, can cause significant clinical problems. Cytogenetic studies of >500 PAs have revealed a complex and recurrent pattern of chromosome rearrangements. In this review, we discuss the specificity and frequency of these rearrangements and their molecular/clinical consequences. The genomic hallmark of PA is translocations with breakpoints in 8q12 and 12q13-15 resulting in gene fusions involving the transcription factor genes PLAG1 and HMGA2. Until recently, the association between these two oncogenic drivers was obscure. Studies of the Silver-Russel syndrome, a growth retardation condition infrequently caused by mutations in IGF2/HMGA2/PLAG1, have provided new clues to the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of PA. These studies have demonstrated that HMGA2 is an upstream regulator of PLAG1 and that HMGA2 regulates the expression of IGF2 via PLAG1. This provides a novel explanation for the 8q12/12q13-15 aberrations in PA and identifies IGF2 as a major oncogenic driver and therapeutic target in PA. These studies have important diagnostic and therapeutic implications for patients with PA.
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