| 1. |
- Ekstrand, Elisabeth, et al.
(author)
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Test-Retest Reliability Of The Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (LISAT-11) And Association Between Items In Individuals With Chronic Stroke
- 2018
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In: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 50:8, s. 713-718
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (LiSat-11) and the association between items in individuals with chronic stroke. Design: Test-retest design. Subjects: Forty-five individuals (mean age 65 years) with mild to moderate disability at least 6 months post-stroke. Methods: LiSat-11, which includes 1 global item "Life as a whole" and 10 domain-specific items, was rated on 2 occasions, one week apart. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by kappa statistics, the percent agreement (PA) and the Svensson rank-invariant method. The association between items was evaluated with the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho). Results: The kappa coefficients showed good to excellent agreement (0.59-0.97) and the PA <= 1 point was high (> 89%) for all items. According to the Svensson method, a small systematic disagreement was found for "Partner relationship". The other items showed no systematic or random disagreements. All domain-specific items, except one ("Sexual life") were significantly correlated with "Life as a whole" (rhos 0.29-0.80). Conclusion: LiSat-11 is considered reliable and can be recommended for assessing life satisfaction after stroke. The association between items indicates that LiSat-11 measures various aspects that can impact on an individual's life satisfaction.
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| 2. |
- Larsson Lund, Maria, et al.
(author)
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A positive turning point in life--how persons with late effects of polio experience the influence of an interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme.
- 2010
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In: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2081 .- 1650-1977. ; 42:6, s. 559-565
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe and enhance our understanding of how persons with late effects of polio experience the influence of an interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve persons with clinically verified late effects of polio who had participated in an individualized, goal-oriented, comprehensive interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme. METHODS: Qualitative research interviews analysed using the constant comparative method of grounded theory. RESULTS: The rehabilitation programme was experienced as a turning point in the participants' lives. Before rehabilitation they felt they were on a downward slope without control. Rehabilitation was the start of a process of change whereby they acquired new skills, which, over time, contributed to a different but good life. After approximately a year, they had a sense of control and had accepted life with late effects of polio. They had also established new habits, taken on a changed valued self and could look to the future with confidence. CONCLUSION: This qualitative study has shown that persons with late effects of polio can benefit from an individualized, goal-oriented, comprehensive interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme and experience positive changes in their management of daily activities and in their view of their late effects of polio, their future and their self.
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| 3. |
- Öhlen, Joakim, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Conceptual development of "at-homeness'' despite illness and disease : A review
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 9
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Only one empirical study, the one by Zingmark, Norberg and Sandman published in 1995, explicitly focuses on at-homeness, the feeling of being metaphorically at-home, as a particular aspect of wellness. However, other studies reveal aspects of at-homeness, but if or how such aspects of at-homeness are related to each other is unclear. For this reason, the aim was to review Scandinavian nursing research related to at-homeness in the context of wellness-illness in severe and long-term conditions in order to take a step towards conceptual clarification of "at-homeness.'' The review included interpretive studies related to severe and long-term illness conducted in Sweden: 10 original articles and 5 doctoral theses. "At-homeness'' was found to be a contextually related meaning of wellness despite illness and disease embedded in the continuum of being metaphorically at-home and metaphorically homeless. This was characterized by three interrelated aspects and four processes: being safe through expanding-limiting experiences of illness and time, being connected through reunifying-detaching ways of relating, and being centred through recognition-non-recognition of oneself in the experience and others giving-withdrawing a place for oneself. This conceptualization is to be regarded as a step in conceptual clarification. Further empirical investigation and theoretical development of "at-homeness'' are needed. The conceptualization will be a step of plausible significance for the evaluation of interventions aimed at enhancing wellness for people with severe long-term illness, such as the frail elderly, and people with chronic illness or palliative care needs.
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| 4. |
- Hedman, Linnea, et al.
(author)
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Association of Electronic Cigarette Use With Smoking Habits, Demographic Factors, and Respiratory Symptoms
- 2018
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In: Jama Network Open. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2574-3805. ; 1:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IMPORTANCE There is an ongoing debate about whether electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are the solution to the tobacco epidemic or a new public health threat. Large representative studies are needed to study e-cigarette use in the general population, but hardly any have been published. OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette use and to investigate the association of e-cigarette use with smoking habits, demographic factors, and respiratory symptoms. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional, population-based study of random samples of the population, performed within the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) study and West Sweden Asthma Study (WSAS). The same validated questionnaire including identical questions was used in OLIN and WSAS. In 2016, OLIN and WSAS conducted postal questionnaire surveys in random samples of adults aged 20 to 75 years. In OLIN, 6519 participated (response rate, 56.4%); in WSAS, 23 753 participated (response rate, 50.1%). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Electronic cigarette use, smoking habits, and respiratory symptoms. RESULTS Of 30 272 participants (16 325 women [53.9%]). 3897 (12.9%) were aged 20 to 29 years; 4242 (14.0%). 30 to 39 years; 5082 (16.8%). 40 to 49 years; 6052 (20.0%), 50 to 59 years; 6628 (21.9%), 60 to 69 years; and 4371(14.4%), 70 to 75 years. The number of current smokers was 3694 (12.3%), and 7305 (24.4%) were former smokers. The number of e-cigarette users was 529 (2.0%). and e-cigarette use was more common among men (275 of 12 347 [2.2%; 95% CI, 2.0%-2.5%]) than women (254 of 14 022 [1.8%; 95% CI, 1.6%-2.0%]). Among current smokers. 350 of 3566 (9.8%; 95% CI, 8.8%10.8%) used e-cigarettes compared with 79 of 6875 (1.1%; 95% CI, 0.9%-1.3%) in former smokers and 96 of 15 832 (0.6%; 95% CI, 0.5%-0.7%) in nonsmokers (P < .001). Among e-cigarette users who answered the survey question about cigarette-smoking habits (n = 525). 350 (66.7%; 95% CI, 62.7%-70.7%) were current smokers, 79 (15.0%; 95% CI, 11.9%-18.1%) were former smokers, and 96 (18.3%; 95% CI, 15.0%-21.6%) were nonsmokers (P < .001 for trend). In a regression analysis, e-cigarette use was associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.35; 95% CI. 1.12-1.62); age groups 20 to 29 years (OR. 2.77; 95% CI, 1.90-4.05), 30 to 39 years (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.53-3.36), 40 to 49 years (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.11-2.44). and 50 to 59 years (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.01-2.12); educational level at primary school (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.51-2.64) and upper secondary school (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.25-1.96); former smoking (OR. 2.37; 95% CI, 1.73-3.24); and current smoking (OR. 18.10; 95% CI, 14.19-23.09). All respiratory symptoms were most common among dual users and former smokers and nonsmokers who used e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Use of e-cigarettes was most common among smokers, and dual users had the highest prevalence of respiratory symptoms. On a population level, this study indicates that the present use of e-cigarettes does not adequately serve as a smoking cessation tool.
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| 5. |
- Strömbäck, Ulrica, et al.
(author)
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The second myocardial infarction: Higher risk factor burden and earlier second myocardial infarction in women compared with men. The Northern Sweden MONICA study
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 16:5, s. 418-424
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Several studies have examined various parameters and experiences when patients suffer their first myocardial infarction (MI), but knowledge about when they suffer their second MI is limited.AIM: To compare risk factors for MI, that is, diabetes, hypertension and smoking, for the first and second MI events in men and women affected by two MIs and to analyse the time intervals between the first and second MIs.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 1017 patients aged 25-74 years with first and second MIs from 1990 through 2009 registered in the Northern Sweden MONICA registry.RESULTS: More women than men have diabetes and hypertension and are smokers at the first MI. Similar differences between the genders remain at the time of the second MI for diabetes and hypertension, although both risk factors have increased. Smoking decreased at the second MI without any remaining difference between genders. Women suffer their second MI within a shorter time interval than men do. Within 16 months of their first MI, 50% of women had a second MI. The corresponding time interval for men was 33 months.CONCLUSION: Patients affected by an MI should be made aware of their risk of recurrent MI and that the risk of recurrence is highest during the first few years after an MI. In patients affected by two MIs, women have a higher risk factor burden and suffer their second MI earlier than men do and thus may need more aggressive and more prompt secondary prevention.
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| 6. |
- Kassberg, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(author)
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Ability to manage everyday technology after acquired brain injury
- 2013
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In: Brain Injury. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 27:13-14, s. 1583-1588
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate and describe how persons with an acquired brain injury (ABI) manage everyday technology (ET) in their daily activities and to explore whether the ability to manage ET was related to the severity of the disability. Method: Eighty-one persons with ABI were observed while managing ET by using the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment (META). The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) was used to assess the severity of disability after the ABI. A computer application of a Rasch measurement model was used to generate measures of the participants’ ability to manage ET and the measures were compared groupwise with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The degree of severity of disability had a significant main effect on the ability to manage ET. The groups with severe and moderate disability exhibited a significantly lower ability to manage ET compared to the group with good recovery. Conclusion: The result indicates that the ability to manage ET in daily activities can be related to the global severity of disability after ABI. This demonstrates the importance of considering the ability to manage ET to support the performance of activities at home, at work and in society in persons with ABI.
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| 7. |
- Brogårdh, Christina, et al.
(author)
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A 1-year follow-up after shortened constraint-induced movement therapy with and without mitt poststroke.
- 2010
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In: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-9993 .- 1532-821X. ; 91:3, s. 460-464
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To explore the long-term benefits of shortened constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) in the subacute phase poststroke. DESIGN: A 1-year follow-up after shortened CIMT (3h training/d for 2 wk) where the participants had been randomized to a mitt group or a nonmitt group. SETTING: A university hospital rehabilitation department. PARTICIPANTS: Poststroke patients (N=20, 15 men, 5 women; mean age 58.8 y; on average 14.8 mo poststroke) with mild to moderate impairments of hand function. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Sollerman hand function test, the modified Motor Assessment Scale, and the Motor Activity Log test. Assessments were made by blinded observers. RESULTS: One year after shortened CIMT, participants within both the mitt group and the nonmitt group showed statistically significant improvements in arm and hand motor performance and on self-reported motor ability compared with before and after treatment. No significant differences between the groups were found in any measure at any time. CONCLUSIONS: Shortened CIMT seems to be beneficial up to 1 year after training, but the restraint may not enhance upper motor function. To determine which components of CIMT are most effective, larger randomized studies are needed.
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| 8. |
- Brogårdh, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Construct Validity of a New Rating Scale for Self-Reported Impairments in Persons With Late Effects of Polio.
- 2013
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In: PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation. - : Wiley. - 1934-1563 .- 1934-1482. ; 5:3, s. 176-181
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the construct validity of a new rating scale for self-reported impairments in persons with late effects of polio. DESIGN: Psychometric analysis of data on self-perceived impairments in persons with prior polio. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred and seventy-three persons with prior polio (119 men and 154 women; mean age, 63.5 years). METHOD: Rasch analysis of a 13-item rating scale with 5 response categories, in which the participants rated how much they have been bothered by various post-polio-related impairments during the past 2 weeks. RESULTS: The initial analysis showed disordered categories, misfit with some of the items, multidimensionality, and local dependency. After adjustment of the categories, which resulted in a 4-category rating scale, fit to the model was achieved, but the scale still showed signs of multidimensionality. Analyses of local dependency revealed correlations among some of the items, which resulted in a 5 testlet solution, which gave fit to the model and unidimensionality. CONCLUSION: After adjustment of the categories and local dependency, this new rating scale, Self-Reported Impairments in Persons With Late Effects of Polio, can be considered as unidimensional. The good psychometric properties implies that the Self-Reported Impairments in Persons With Late Effects of Polio scale could be a useful rating scale that would increase our understanding of the impairments that persons with late effects of polio can experience. With further refinements, this scale may assist in the planning and evaluation of appropriate rehabilitation interventions.
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| 9. |
- Brogårdh, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle-resistance training after stroke
- 2012
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In: PM&R. - : Wiley. - 1934-1482 .- 1934-1563. ; 4:11, s. 901-907
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability. The physical and cognitive impairments after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke often lead to activity limitations and participation restrictions. Many persons after stroke have a sedentary lifestyle, are physically inactive, and have a low fitness level. Physical fitness training is known to be beneficial for persons with a number of comorbid conditions or risk factors for stroke. Although exercise and physical activity are considered valuable, the evidence of their benefits after stroke is still insufficient. In this review, we summarize published randomized controlled trials regarding the effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle-resistance training after stroke on physical function, activity, participation, life satisfaction, and mood. We discuss various barriers that can impede the ability to perform exercise, and the importance of reducing these barriers to increase physical fitness levels after the completion of usual stroke rehabilitation, thereby enhancing leisure, well-being, and participation in society
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| 10. |
- Brogårdh, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Self-reported walking ability in persons with chronic stroke and the relationship with gait performance tests
- 2012
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In: PM&R. - : Wiley. - 1934-1482 .- 1934-1563. ; 4:10, s. 734-738
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To assess self-reported walking ability in individuals with chronic stroke and to determine the relationship with gait performance tests. Design: Descriptive analysis of a convenience sample. Setting: A university hospital rehabilitation medicine clinic. Participants: Fifty ambulatory community-dwelling poststroke individuals (mean age, 64 years [range, 44-74 years] and mean time since stroke onset 42 months [range, 6-101 months]). Main Outcome Measures: The Walking Impact Scale (the Walk-12) to assess self-reported walking ability, and the Timed "Up & Go" test, 10-m Comfortable Gait Speed and Fast Gait Speed tests, and 6-Minute Walk Test to assess gait performance. Results: A majority of the participants (94%) reported limitations in their walking ability. The most common limitations were related to standing or walking, walking speed and distance, effort, and gait quality aspects. The ability to run was reported as most affected, whereas the need for support indoors or outdoors was least affected. Significant correlations (. P < .01) were found between the Walk-12 and the 4 gait performance tests (ρ = -0.60 to 0.60). Conclusions: Persons with chronic stroke perceive limitations in their walking ability. The relationship between the Walk-12 and the 4 gait performance tests indicates that self-reports and quantitative assessments are associated. Because the Walk-12 reflects broader dimensions than the gait performance tests, it can be a complementary tool when walking ability in persons with chronic stroke is evaluated.
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