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Mårdh, Per-Anders, et al.
(author)
Intrauterine lung infection with Chlamydia trachomatis in a premature infant
1984
In: Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-656X .- 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 73:4, s. 569-572
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The present study shows the probable intrauterine infection with Chlamydia trachomatis in a premature infant born in the 29th week of gestation. Chlamydiae were isolated from lung tissue collected at sterile autopsy and also demonstrated in sections of such tissue by immunofluorescence tests using monoclonal antibodies.
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Wennergren, Göran, 1947, et al.
(author)
Neonatal breathing control mediated via the central chemoreceptors.
1983
In: Acta physiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 119:2, s. 139-46
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
Respiratory changes elicited via the central chemoreceptor system have been studied in anesthetized newborn guinea pigs and newborn rabbits. Periodic breathing was induced by inhibition of the central chemoreceptors by superfusion with alkaline cerebrospinal fluid. The periodic breathing was promptly reversed to steady by increasing the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration in the inspired air or by intravenous theophylline. Elicitation of periodic breathing simply by exposing the animals to hypoxia succeeded only when very low oxygen concentrations were given. Clearcut respiratory excitation was produced by small amounts of theophylline applied onto the ventral surface of the medulla. Not only theophylline intravenously but also theophylline topically applied on the ventral medullary surface normalized spontaneously developed periodic breathing. Application of meperidine onto the ventral medullary surface gave respiratory inhibition with dosages considerably lower than required when given intravenously. The results emphasize the importance of an adequate respiratory drive from the central chemoreceptors for the maintenance of a regular breathing pattern. The findings support a view that at least part of the respiratory effects seen in the newborn following administration of meperidine or theophylline is due to effect of the drugs on the central chemosensitive system.
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Bergman, B, et al.
(author)
Transfer of terbutaline across the human placenta in late pregnancy.
1984
In: European journal of respiratory diseases. Supplement. - 0106-4347. ; 134, s. 81-6
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
Placental transfer of terbutaline was studied in 22 women in late pregnancy who were delivered by elective Caesarian section. A single i.v. dose of terbutaline (0.25 or 0.5 mg) was given at various times (13-295 min) before delivery. Immediately after delivery, one blood sample was drawn from the placental side of the umbilical vein and one from the mother's antecubital vein. By use of gas chromatography plus mass spectrometry terbutaline was assayed in maternal plasma and in plasma and whole blood from the umbilical vein. Plasma concentrations in the mothers (Cmv) were initially 7 micrograms/L, while the highest umbilical venous level ( Cuv ) recorded was 3.5 micrograms/L. The ratio Cuv /Cmv increased continuously during the time interval studied and approached unity after 2-3 h. The blood:plasma concentration ratio in venous umbilical blood was initially low. It reached unity after about 60 min, but increased steadily to about 1.5 during the time of study. Thus there was a continuous uptake of terbutaline from plasma into the erythrocytes. The slow in vivo equilibration of terbutaline between plasma and erythrocytes is probably due to the low lipophilicity of the drug. However, the latter characteristic did not seem to impede its diffusion across the placenta to any great degree.
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Dykes, Anna-Karin, et al.
(author)
Chlorhexidine for prevention of neonatal colonization with group B streptococci. II. Chlorhexidine concentrations and recovery of group B streptococci following vaginal washing in pregnant women
1983
In: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115. ; 16:3, s. 167-172
Journal article (peer-reviewed) abstract
The effect of a single washing of the urogenital tract with 0.5 g/l chlorhexidine was studied in 6 women in weeks 38-40 of pregnancy, among whom 5 were carriers of group B streptococci in urethra and/or cervix. The chlorhexidine concentrations varied between 25 and 200 mg/l during the first hour after washing in 5 of the 6 women, whereas one patient showed concentrations below 25 mg/l. With the exception of one patient, all individuals showed concentrations less than 25 mg/l at 3-24 h after washing. A clear suppression of the number of colony-forming units of GBS was already apparent after 60 min and was still evident 6 h after chlorhexidine washing.