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- Björklund, Anita
(author)
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Occupational Therapist : A Chameleon in the Light of Paradigms
- 1994
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 1:2, s. 59-68
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this pilotstudy is to present a more disticnct profile of the profession, deriving inspiration from Törnebohm's theory of paradigms. Six occupational therapists answered in writing 12 open essay questions about their ideas on paradigmatic matters. The focus in the questions is within the occupational therapist's field of action view and results are presented as aspects of practice. The occupational therapist is like a chameleon in the field of health care. She alters between different roles, using various parts of her professional competence to support the patient in reaching a meaningful everyday life from the patient's own perspective. The flexibility of the profession may contribute to many occupational therapists' feelings of having av vague professional profile, but is fundamental and a prerequisite of good occupational therapy. A greater awareness of our professional paradigm creates conditions by which it can be improved and adapted to variable demands. and a greater possibility to express the profession to society.
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- Hermansson, Liselotte M, 1954-
(author)
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Structured training of children fitted with myoelectric prostheses.
- 1991
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In: Prosthetics and Orthotics International. - London, United Kingdom : Informa Healthcare. - 0309-3646 .- 1746-1553. ; 15:2, s. 88-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents an occupational therapy method for training children fitted with myoelectric prostheses. It is based upon a structured way of describing the accomplishments of a child fitted with a myoelectric prosthesis, called the Skill Index Ranking Scale (SIRS). By using the SIRS when designing the training session, the therapist can progressively increase the demands presented to the child. Furthermore, the SIRS facilitates for the therapist the documentation and communication of the childs ability with the myoelectric prosthesis.
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- Josephsson, Staffan, et al.
(author)
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Supporting everyday activities in Dementia : an intervention study
- 1993
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In: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0885-6230 .- 1099-1166. ; 8:5, s. 395-400
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The efficacy of an intervention programme designed to support performance in activities of daily living was investigated in four patients with dementia at different levels of severity of impairment. Important features of the programme included that (a) task conditions should be highly supportive, (b) the importance of episodic and semantic memory skills for successful performance should be minimized, (c) an acceptable performance level should be possible to achieve using skills that are relatively well preserved in the disease, and (d) factors related to patients' motivation and habits should be taken into account. Performance gains were evaluated using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills instrument. Results showed intervention-related gains in three patients. One of these patients maintained performance gains when environmental guidance (eg signs) was withdrawn, whereas the other two required environmental guidance in order to exhibit gains. The overall pattern of results suggests that this form of intervention related to everyday functioning in dementia is worthy of further empirical attention.
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- Littorin, Margareta, et al.
(author)
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Mortality and tumour morbidity among Swedish market gardeners and orchardists
- 1993
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In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - 1432-1246. ; 65:3, s. 163-169
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to investigate possible effects of exposure to pesticides, mainly fungicides and insecticides, we studied a cohort of 2370 subjects, who, during the period 1965-1982, had been members of a horticulturists' trade association (market gardeners and orchardists). Compared to a regional reference population, total mortality ( 542 deaths; standardized mortality morbidity ratio, SMR = 0.8 ; 95 % confidence limits, C Ls = 0.7, 0.9) and mortality due to malignant tumours ( 133 deaths, SMR = 0.9 ; C Ls = 0.7, 1.0), and cardiovascular and respiratory deaths were somewhat decreased Suggestive excesses in mortality were seen for mental disorders and tumours of the stomach, skin and nervous system The tumours of the nervous system were in particular excess in the young and middle-aged horticulturists (below age 60 ; six cases, SMR = 2.9 ; C Ls = 1.1, 6.2) During the period 1965- 1986, the total tumour morbidity was slightly decreased ( 255 cases; SMR = 0.9 ; C Ls = 0.8, 1.0), as were gastrointestinal and respiratory tract tumours The incidence of melanomas was increased ( 15 cases, SMR = 2.1 ; C Ls = 1.2, 3.5), and tumours of the female genital organs, myelomas, and brain tumours ( 12 cases, SMR = 1.5 ; C Ls = 0.8, 2.7) were slightly numerically elevated Brain tumours in the young and middle-aged horticulturists ( 11 cases, SMR = 3.2 ; C Ls = 1.6, 5.7), including meningiomas (four observed, SMR = 6.8 ; C Ls = 1.9, 17.4), were increased, especially in the period 1975-1979 The mortality and tumour morbidity patterns in gardeners and orchardists, analysed separately, were similar to the patterns in all the horticulturists The risk for brain tumours in the young and middle-aged subjects was increased about threefold in the gardeners, and about fivefold in the orchardists; in particular, meningiomas were in excess among the gardeners.
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| 10. |
- Nielsen, Jörn, et al.
(author)
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Allergy to methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride in epoxy resin workers
- 1992
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In: British Journal of Industrial Medicine. ; 49:11, s. 769-775
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One hundred and forty four current and 26 former workers in a plant producing barrels for rocket guns from an epoxy resin containing methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA; time weighted average air concentration up to 150 uglm') were studied. They showed higher frequencies of work related symptoms from the eyes (31 v 0%; p < 0-001), nose (53 v 9%; p < 0-001), pharynx (26 v 6%; p < 0-01), and asthma (11 v 0%; p < 0 05) than 33 controls. Also they had higher rates of positive skin prick test to a conjugate of MTHPA and human serum albumin (16 v 0%; p < 0-01), and more had specific IgE and IgG serum antibodies (18 v 0%; p < 0-01 and 12 v 0%; p < 0 05 respectively). There were statistically significant exposure-response relations between exposure and symptoms from eyes and upper airways, dry cough, positive skin prick test, and specific IgE and IgG antibodies. There was a non-significant difference in reaction to metacholine between exposed workers and non-smoking controls. In workers with and without specific IgE antibodies, differences existed in frequency of nasal secretion (54 v 23%; p < 0-05) and dry cough (38 v 12%; p < 0-05). Workers with specific IgG had more dry cough (38 v 12%; p < 0-05), but less symptoms ofnon-specific bronchial hyperreactivity (0 v 26%; p < 0-05). Atopic workers sneezed more than non-atopic workers (65 v 30%; p < 0-01). In a prospective study five sensitised workers who left the factory became less reactive to metacholine, and became symptom free. In 41 workers who stayed, there was no improvement, despite a 10-fold reduction in exposure. The results show the extreme sensitising properties ofMTHPA.
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