| 1. |
- Yue, Xiaoqi, et al.
(author)
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Unveiling nano-scale chemical inhomogeneity in surface oxide films formed on V- and N-containing martensite stainless steel by synchrotron X-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy/microscopy and microscopic X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- 2025
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In: Journal of Materials Science & Technology. - : Chinese Society of Metals. - 1005-0302. ; 205, s. 191-203
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nano-scale chemical inhomogeneity in surface oxide films formed on a V- and N-containing martensite stainless steel and tempering heating induced changes are investigated by a combination of synchrotron- based hard X-ray Photoelectron emission spectroscopy (HAXPES) and microscopy (HAXPEEM) as well as microscopic X-ray absorption spectroscopy (μ-XAS) techniques. The results reveal the inhomogeneity in the oxide films on the micron-sized Cr2N- and VN-type particles, while the inhomogeneity on the martensite matrix phase exists due to localised formation of nano-sized tempering nitride particles at 600 °C. The oxide film formed on Cr2N-type particles is rich in Cr2O3 compared with that on the martensite matrix and VN-type particles. With the increase of tempering temperature, Cr2O3 formation is faster for the oxidation of Cr in the martensite matrix than the oxidation of Cr nitride-rich particles.
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| 2. |
- Sarmad, Shokat, et al.
(author)
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Innovative CO2 capture technologies: Exploring the potential of porous liquids containing deep eutectic solvents and hypercrosslinked polymers
- 2025
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In: Separation and Purification Technology. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 1383-5866 .- 1873-3794. ; 352
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current study presented a porous liquid (PL) prepared from propylene glycol-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) and hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCP) that are liquids over wide temperature ranges, including ambient temperature. It was shown that the solvent molecules are too large to penetrate the pores of HCP, so the PL is maintained as a suspension with permanent free volume for several months and can absorb large amounts of gases. This study marks the pioneering use of DESs as the liquid medium, replacing ionic liquids due to their closely matched properties. The structural features of both DES and HCP are retained; the increase in CO2 absorption capacity compared to pure DES is due to the presence of a porous solid and is proportional to the amount of solid. The absorbed CO2 amount rises from 1.0105 mmol·g−1 in pure DES to 1.3232, 1.6027, and 1.2168 mmol·g−1 in PL-1, PL-2, and PL-3, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the enthalpy of gas absorption allows straightforward regeneration of the PLs in the studied cases. The investigated PLs show great potential as gas absorbents, with the incorporation of just 0.5 wt% of porous polymer material leading to an impressive increase in solvent absorption capacity, up to 59 %.
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| 3. |
- Ouchn, Rachid, et al.
(author)
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Advancing Sustainable Direct Contact Membrane Distillation : Performance and Stability of Novel Polymer Inclusion Membranes
- 2025
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In: Separation and Purification Technology. - 1383-5866. ; 354
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Novel hydrophobic membranes for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) were developed using poly(1,1-difluoroethylene) (PVDF) loaded with the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (MTOA-DEHP). These polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) were fabricated via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). Detailed characterization revealed that MTOA-DEHP significantly enhances the morphological and physicochemical properties of the PIMs. Through a series of DCMD experiments, the membrane's flux, salt rejection, and stability under varying conditions, including different feed solutions (i.e., synthetic NaCl solution and real seawater from the Atlantic Ocean), were assessed. Our results demonstrate that the PVDF/20 %MTOA-DEHP membrane exhibits superior performance, maintaining consistent transmembrane flux values (8.98 ± 0.61 kg·m−2·h−1) over multiple cycles and achieving high salt rejection rates (>99.9 %). Furthermore, the membrane demonstrates excellent stability, with minimal degradation observed even after prolonged operation. The results affirm the viability of PIMs as a promising avenue for achieving sustainable and efficient desalination via DCMD, particularly in real-world operational scenarios.
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