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- Lindsten, Rune, et al.
(author)
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Dummy-sucking behaviour in 3-year old Norwegian and Swedish children
- 1996
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In: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 18:2, s. 205-209
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Forty 3-year-old dummy-sucking children (22 Swedes and 18 Norwegians) together with one of their parents, were shown a specially prepared videotape for 15 minutes The child had free access to its dummy while watching the video. The dummy-sucking time and sucking reactions to the different film sequences were registered. The presence or absence of a posterior crossbite was recorded as well as the upper and lower intercanine arch widths. Dummy-suckers in these populations have earlier been reported to have different prevalences of posterior crossbite. The prevalence of posterior crossbite was especially high for Swedish girls. The results showed that Norwegian boys used their dummies significantly less, and the Swedish girls had significantly narrower upper dental arches than the other children. Dummy-sucking reactions to frightening, cheerful or boring parts of the video were not significantly different among the children. All the children showed compassion for the film characters, and all the children used the dummy when going to sleep. The study lends support to the hypothesis that dummy-sucking influences arch widths and increases the likelihood for development of a posterior crossbite.
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- Löfstrand Tideström, Britta, 1940-, et al.
(author)
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Breathing obstruction in relation to craniofacial and dental arch morphology in 4-year-old children
- 1999
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In: European Journal of Orthodontics. - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 21:4, s. 323-332
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The prevalence of breathing obstruction was determined in a cohort of 4-year-old children. Craniofacial morphology was studied in obstructed children and compared with data from a control group of 4-year-old children with ideal occlusion. Dental arch morphology was compared in obstructed and non-obstructed children in the group. Parents of 95.5 per cent of the study base of 644 children answered a questionnaire concerning their child's nocturnal behaviour and related questions. The 48 children who, based on parental report, snored every night or stopped breathing when snoring (the 'snoring group'), showed a higher rate of disturbed sleep, mouth-breathing, and a history of throat infections as compared with the rest of the cohort. These children were examined by both an orthodontist and an otorhinolaryngologist and, when indicated, they were also monitored in a sleep laboratory. Twenty-eight of the children were diagnosed as having a breathing obstruction (4.3 per cent of the cohort) and six children (0.9 per cent) had sleep apnoea (mean apnoea-hypopnoea index of 17.3), using the same definition as that for adults. Cephalometric values among the obstructed children differed from those of a Swedish sample of the same age with ideal occlusion. Thy had a smaller cranial base angle and a lower ratio of posterior/anterior total face height. Small, but not significant differences were seen for NSL-ML and NL-ML. Compared with 48 asymptomatic children from the same cohort, the obstructed children had a narrower maxilla, a deeper palatal height, and a shorter lower dental arch. In addition, the prevalence of lateral crossbite was significantly higher among the obstructed children.
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