| 1. |
- Kashfi, Hajar, 1980, et al.
(author)
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A Migration to an openEHR-Based Clinical Application
- 2009
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In: Medical Informatics in a United and Healthy Europe,Proceedings of MIE 2009, IOS press. - 0926-9630 .- 1879-8365. - 9781607500445 ; 150, s. 152-156
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- MedView is a suit of clinical applications for recording, retrieving and visualizing patient records, which has been developed and in use for more than ten years. By the introduction of the openEHR architecture, the MedView project started an investigation to migrate from its locally developed framework to openEHR. Issues related to this process, have been discussed in this paper.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Kashfi, Pariya, 1980
(author)
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An openEHR-Based Clinical Decision Support System: A Case Study
- 2009
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In: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. - 1879-8365 .- 0926-9630. - 9781607500445 ; 150, s. 348-348
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Experiences in developing a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) for dry mouth revealed that traditional approaches for creating clinical applications are not suitable because of the lack of structured knowledge in the domain and the complex nature of existing knowledge. Nevertheless, openEHR offers various benefits. This paper presents the issues related to developing an openEHR-based CDSS for this disease.
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| 4. |
- Kaufmann, Markus, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Cost optimization of composite aircraft structures including variable laminate qualities
- 2008
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In: Composites Science And Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0266-3538 .- 1879-1050. ; 68:13, s. 2748-2754
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Composite structures can lower the weight of an airliner significantly. The increased production cost, however, requires the application of cost-effective design strategies in which cost, weight and the desired laminate quality are taken into account. This paper proposes an optimization framework for composite aircraft structures that minimizes the direct operating cost on a part level. In addition to previous models, a non-destructive testing model is implemented that calculates design allowables of a laminate based on ultrasonic scan parameters. In a case study, the effect of the laminate quality on the direct operating cost is discussed. It is investigated how the permissible flaw size and therefore the scan pitch of a composite laminate can influence the optimal solution in terms of cost and weight; thus, the manufacturing cost, the non-destructive testing cost and the weight of a component can be balanced by optimizing the laminate quality in an early design phase.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Svensson, Mikael, 1980-
(author)
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The Value of a Statistical Life in Sweden : Estimates from Two Studies using the "Certainty Approach" Calibration
- 2009
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In: Accident Analysis and Prevention. - : Elsevier BV. - 0001-4575 .- 1879-2057. ; 41:3, s. 430-437
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stated preference methods using surveys to elicit willingness to pay have been shown to suffer from hypothetical bias and scope/scale bias. Hypothetical bias usually means that willingness to pay is exaggerated in the hypothetical scenario and scope/scale bias means that there is an insensitivity in willingness to pay with regard to the amount of goods or the size of a good being valued. Experimental results in social psychology and economics have shown that only trusting the most certain respondents can potentially solve the problem with hypothetical bias and scope/scale bias. This paper presents the results of two different surveys in Sweden estimating the willingness to pay to reduce traffic mortality risks by only including the most certain respondents. Using the full sample, estimates of the value of a statistical life (VOSL) are $4.2 and $7.3 million. Estimates of VOSL on the subset of the samples only including the most certain respondents are lower and consistent between the two surveys with values of $2.9 and $3.1 million.
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| 7. |
- Grabs, Thomas, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Modeling spatial patterns of saturated areas: A comparison of the topographic wetness index and a dynamic distributed model
- 2009
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In: Journal of Hydrology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1694 .- 1879-2707. ; 373:1-2, s. 15-23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Topography is often one of the major controls on the spatial pattern of saturated areas, which in turn is akey to understanding much of the variability in soils, hydrological processes, and stream water quality.The topographic wetness index (TWI) has become a widely used tool to describe wetness conditions atthe catchment scale. With this index, however, it is assumed that groundwater gradients always equalsurface gradients. To overcome this limitation, we suggest deriving wetness indices based on simulationsof distributed catchment models. We compared these new indices with the TWI and evaluated the differ-ent indices by their capacity to predict spatial patterns of saturated areas. Results showed that the model-derived wetness indices predicted the spatial distribution of wetlands significantly better than the TWI.These results encourage the use of a dynamic distributed hydrological model to derive wetness indexmaps for hydrological landscape analysis in catchments with topographically driven groundwater tables.
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| 8. |
- Mancusi, Davide, 1980, et al.
(author)
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Comparison of aluminum and lucite for shielding against 1 GeV protons
- 2007
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In: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1948 .- 0273-1177. ; 40:4, s. 581-585
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Shielding is the only countermeasure currently available for exposure to cosmic radiation during space travel. We compared aluminum (Al) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA, or lucite) shields of 20 g/cm^2 thickness using 1 GeV protons accelerated at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory. The dose rate increased after the shield, and the increase was more pronounced after the Al than the PMMA shield. No significant differences in the induction of chromosomal aberrations were observed in human lymphocytes exposed to the same dose with no shield or behind the Al and PMMA blocks. However, the biological effectiveness per incident proton was increased by the shields. Simulations using the General-Purpose Particle and Heavy-Ion Transport Code System (PHITS) show that the increase in dose is caused by target fragments, and aluminum produces more secondary protons than PMMA. Nevertheless, the spectrum of particles behind the shield is confined within the low-LET region, and the biological effectiveness is consequently similar.
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| 9. |
- Junker, Johan P E, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Mechanical tension stimulates the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in human burn scars
- 2008
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In: Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1409. ; 34:7, s. 942-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Scar formation as a result of burn wounds leads to contraction of the formed granulation tissue, which causes both aesthetic and functional impairment for the patient. Currently, the main treatment methods focus on stretching to prevent tissue contraction. The myofibroblasts play a key role in the contraction of granulation tissue during scar formation, but their presence should normally decrease after wound re-epithelialization. In hypertrophic scars the myofibroblasts persist and is believed to cause further hypertrophy. Previous studies have shown that mechanical tension leads to increased myofibroblast numbers in granulation tissue. In order to evaluate the effect mechanical tension as a result of stretching has on the number of myofibroblasts in burn wound scars, an in vitro model was used. This model used human burn scar biopsies which were stretched and examined after 1 and 6 days to evaluate the effect on the number of myofibroblasts. The stretching caused an increase in the number of myofibroblasts after mechanical stimulation. This indicates that mechanical stimulation using stretching induces fibroblast to myofibroblast transdifferentiation, thus underlining the importance of further investigations of optimal methods of this regime for treating burn scars.
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| 10. |
- Falkman, Göran, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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Collaboration Patterns in an Online Community of Practice in Oral Medicine
- 2008
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In: eHealth Beyond the Horizon – Get IT There. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781586038649 ; 136, s. 175-80
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- SOMWeb is an online collaboration system based on Semantic Web technologies, which is used for knowledge sharing and dissemination within an oral medicine community in Sweden. Based on a previous study of the use of SOMWeb, general patterns of interaction and communicative activities involved in community collaboration have been identified. The patterns for one such activity, distance consultation, are described and modeled using techniques from the Pragmatic Web. It is also shown how patterns could inform system design
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