| 1. |
- Owens, Paul K., et al.
(author)
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Molecular imprinting for bio- and pharmaceutical analysis
- 1999
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 18:3, s. 146-154
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The potential of analytical techniques based on molecular imprinting is reviewed from the viewpoint of bio- and pharmaceutical analysis. A literature study shows that molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been implemented predominantly in three areas of interest to pharmaceutical industry laboratories. First, in sample preparation, imprinted polymers are used as the sorbent for solid phase extraction purposes. Secondly, MIPs serve as the stationary phase for analytical chromatographic and electrophoretic separations. Thirdly, imprinted polymers are utilised as analyte recognition materials in affinity assays. The advantages of MIPs, e.g., physical robustness, high strength, resistance to elevated temperatures and pressures, and inertness towards acids, bases, metal ions and organic solvents, have been well exploited in a large number of applications. This article focuses on how these benefits may be used for improving the quality of analytical procedures. Some key MIP disadvantages are also highlighted, especially in relation to other analytical techniques. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
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| 4. |
- SAINI, S, et al.
(author)
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MULTIPHASE BIOELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS
- 1995
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 14:7, s. 304-310
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interest in operating bioelectrochemical sensors in unconventional environments such as non-polar water-immiscible organic solvents has led to new concepts in biosensor design. This brief review considers the evolution of an approach to electrochemical measurement using thin ionically conducting films at the surface of closely spaced micro-electrodes. The ability to support ail the elements normally associated with the bioelectrochemistry of catalytic proteins at a semi-rigid ionic matrix leads to a robust sensor configuration capable of operating in non-polar solvents such as hexane or directly in gases. Such multi-phase sensors are expected to be of particular utility in environmental monitoring where measurements need to be made in water and air samples.
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| 5. |
- Tothill, IE, et al.
(author)
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Developments in bioassay methods for toxicity testing in water treatment
- 1996
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 15:5, s. 178-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The presence of toxic substances in water and water treatment plants is a major environmental problem. Numerous test methods have been developed to assess the effect of chemical pollutants on the environment, including bioassays. Bioassays in which test organisms are exposed to various doses of the pollutant are used for toxicity evaluations. This is achieved by monitoring the biological integrity of these organisms and comparing them with those which have not been exposed to the pollutant. The need for simple, rapid and relatively inexpensive aquatic toxicity tests has influenced the expansion in research in this area and accelerated the development and application of biological toxicity tests.
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