| 1. |
- Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, 1957-
(author)
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Phthalate exposure heralds birth defects
- 2015
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 64, s. VI-VI
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Brown, Andrew S., et al.
(author)
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Sampling of gaseous sulfur-containing compounds at low concentrations with a review of best-practice methods for biogas and natural gas applications
- 2015
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 64, s. 42-52
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The accurate quantification of low-concentration sulfur-containing compounds is essential for the biogas and natural gas industries. We review literature data for the stability of these compounds in standard gas mixtures when sampled in cylinders with different passivations, sample bags, sorbent tubes, solid-phase microextraction and glass sampling bulbs, and we present new data obtained at our three National Measurement Institutes. We show that losses of sulfur-containing compounds are minimized when using passivated sampling cylinders, and the most suitable sorbent material for sampling these compounds is Tenax TA. We also discuss methods for transferring gas from sample vessels to analyzers and give recommendations for the selection of regulators (and other pressure-reducing devices) and transfer lines. Further, we propose approaches that could be taken to reduce or correct for losses in order to provide more accurate measurements of sulfur-containing compounds.
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| 3. |
- Elmongy, Hatem, et al.
(author)
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Saliva as an alternative specimen to plasma for drug bioanalysis : A review
- 2016
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 83, s. 70-79
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Saliva provides a suitable medium for screening and determination of drugs. It is easy to collect and handle besides the non-invasive sampling. Extraction techniques such as micro-extraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) and dried saliva spot (DSS) provides fast and efficient recovery of the analytes. Moreover, MEPS could be fully automated to ascertain method reproducibility and DSS provides fast simultaneous collection and extraction of samples. Several studies were conducted to determine drugs in saliva in correlation to plasma aiming to establish rigid evidence on the suitability of saliva in monitoring of drug levels. Only free drug could be present in salivary fluid thus protein binding of drugs affect markedly on the salivary levels of drugs. Pharmacokinetic parameters could be determined for drugs in saliva with emphasis on diffusion parameters of drugs to salivary fluid such as pH and drug lipophilicity. Screening techniques are mainly based on mass spectrometry (MS) with an emphasis on Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), due to limited sample volumes and the low detection limits. Saliva could make drug testing outside laboratory environments feasible with the appropriate techniques for analysis. This review focuses on the developments and challenges in testing of drugs in saliva in correlation to plasma and application to drug analysis in saliva regarding therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetics.
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| 4. |
- Fang, Wei, et al.
(author)
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Lipidomes in health and disease : Analytical strategies and considerations
- 2019
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 120
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Lipidomics is a rapidly-growing field which focuses on global characterization of lipids at molecular and systems levels. As small changes in the concentrations of lipids may have important physiological consequences, much attention in the field has recently been paid to more accurate quantitation and identification of lipids. Community-wide efforts have been initiated, aiming to develop best practices for lipidomic analyses and reporting of lipidomic data. Nevertheless, current approaches for comprehensive analysis of lipidomes have some inherent challenges and limitations. Additionally, there is, currently, limited knowledge concerning the impacts of various external and internal exposures on lipid levels. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in lipidomics analysis, with a primary focus on analytical approaches, as well as on the different sources of variation in quantifying lipid levels, both technical and biological.
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| 5. |
- Fornstedt, Torgny, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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System peaks and their impact in liquid chromatography
- 2016
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 81, s. 42-50
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A sample injected into a chromatographic system can generate extra peaks, called "system peaks", which in general are undetectable. However, for small analytical injections, solute zones eluting with a system zone will often give strongly deformed solute peaks. But, if a solute zone is eluted in a particular region of the system zone it will instead be strongly compressed and well-shaped. For overloaded solute injections, another type of complex band deformation may take place due to large system peaks. This review will present results related to system peak distortions of both small analytical peaks and large preparative ones. Guidelines will be given on how to avoid unwanted distortions and how to utilize the distortions for increased detectability in analytical chromatography, or enhanced production rate in preparative chromatography. The works reviewed here were mainly made by Georges Guiochon, and some of his close colleagues, and is dedicated to his memory.
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| 6. |
- Lai, Foon Yin, et al.
(author)
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A critical review on passive sampling in air and water for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs)
- 2019
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In: Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 121
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Passive sampling methods have been widely used for monitoring pollutants in different environments due to their advantages including simplicity to use and time-integrated sampling. Despite the advantages, challenges still exist and are associated with the calibration and implementation of passive sampling, in particular for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) due to their unique physico-chemical properties. In the current review, we focus on the calibration and use of passive samplers for PFASs in air and water. The comparison of the sampling rates generally showed a higher variability for the aqueous passive samplers compared to the passive air samplers. A better standardization for calibration methods for PFASs in air and water is needed. Nevertheless, passive samplers are an ideal tool for monitoring PFASs in air and water and can identify spatial or temporal trends and pollution sources, variations in water quality and ultimately improve our understanding of the global distribution of PFASs. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Langhammer, Christoph, 1978
(author)
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Each nanoparticle is unique
- 2015
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In: TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - 0165-9936. ; 73, s. IV-V
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 8. |
- Liu, Yanna, et al.
(author)
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High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) methods for nontarget discovery and characterization of poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in environmental and human samples
- 2019
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 121
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Widespread environmental contamination of legacy long-chain poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has triggered chemical regulatory action and a global transitioning to alternative PFASs. More than 5000 PFASs are now recognized on various lists, but few have been monitored despite ample evidence of unidentified organic fluorine in human and environmental samples. Nevertheless, our review of the literature indicates that nontarget analytical methods based on high-resolution mass spectrometry have been used to discover more than 750 PFASs, belonging to more than 130 diverse classes, in strategically selected environmental samples, biofluids or commercial products. Among these reports, we summarize the analytical and data-processing strategies for nontarget PFAS discovery, identify knowledge gaps and propose new areas for method development. Discovery of emerging PFASs before they are global contaminants could mitigate future contamination if strategic techniques can be developed to prioritize some of these substances for synthesis and confirmation, further monitoring, source elucidation and hazard characterization.
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| 9. |
- Mak, Wing Cheung, et al.
(author)
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Lateral-flow technology: from visual to instrumental.
- 2016
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In: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 79:SI, s. 297-305
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Lateral-flow tests were first launched commercially in 1984, as a simple urine-based pregnancy test for home use. The simplicity of the visual readout delivered by the basic lateral-flow format proved to be a very popular. However, the recent apparently unstoppable trend towards portable and wearable technology is driving the lateral-flow strip towards an industrial interface that will enable it to interface with big data and expert systems, and where ready transmission of data is essential. In this review, we chart the inevitable evolution of the visually-read lateral-flow strip to more advanced instrumented versions and consider the future of this very flexible approach to delivering simple affinity assays. We examine recent labelling strategies, the relative merits of optical and electrochemical transducers and explore the evolution of recognition elements that are now being incorporated into these systems.
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| 10. |
- Mattiasson, Bo, et al.
(author)
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Capacitive biosensors for ultra-sensitive assays
- 2016
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In: Trac. Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 79, s. 233-238
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Capacitive binding assays have long been considered highly sensitive. The underlying method in such assays includes sending short potential pulses and then registering the current. However, with the introduction of current pulses and registration of potential responses, the stability improved significantly, leading to assays of extreme sensitivities. The new assaying technology has been applied in a range of affinity binding assays, from immunoassays via DNA base pairing to the use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Overall, very good sensitivities have been recorded, and the MIPs exhibit high stability and reusability.
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