| 1. |
- Albrektsson, Tomas, 1945, et al.
(author)
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On crestal/marginal bone loss around dental implants.
- 2012
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In: The International journal of prosthodontics. - : Quintessence Publishing co inc. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 27:4, s. 736-738
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Bergkvist, Göran, et al.
(author)
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Bone Density at Implant Sites and Its Relationship to Assessment of Bone Quality and Treatment Outcome
- 2010
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In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL and MAXILLOFACIAL IMPLANTS. - : Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc. - 0882-2786. ; 25:2, s. 321-328
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) before implant placement, implant stability measures at implant placement, and marginal bone loss of immediately loaded implants after 1 year in situ. Materials and Methods: Consecutively recruited patients received Straumann SLActive implants loaded with fixed provisional prostheses within 24 hours. BMD was measured from computed tomographic images before implant placement. Alveolar bone quality was assessed during surgery. Implant stability-both rotational and as measured with resonance frequency analysis- and marginal bone height were assessed at implant placement and after 1 year. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to calculate correlations, and significance was considered when P andlt; .05. Results: Twenty-one patients received 137 implants (87 in maxillae and 50 in mandibles). BMD was significantly correlated with bone quality classification in both arches (P andlt; .001). Mean BMD was also significantly correlated with stability values (P andlt; .001). Mean marginal bone loss at implant surfaces differed, but not significantly, at the 1-year follow-up, regardless of BMD values (P = .086) and measured stability (rotational stability P = .34, resonance frequency analysis P = .43) at implant placement. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that computed tomographic examination can be used as a preoperative method to assess jawbone density before implant placement, since density values correlate with prevailing methods of measuring implant stability. However, in the short time perspective of 1 year, there were no differences in survival rates or changes in marginal bone level between implants placed in bone tissue of different density.
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| 3. |
- Bonfante, Estevam Augusto, et al.
(author)
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Biomechanical testing of microblasted, acid-etched/microblasted, anodized, and discrete crystalline deposition surfaces : an experimental study in beagle dogs
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 28:1, s. 136-142
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: Modifications in implant surface topography and chemistry may alter the early bone response at different levels. This study characterized four implant surfaces and evaluated the biomechanical fixation and histologic response at early implantation times in a canine radius model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: External-hexagon Branemark-type implants were used with four experimental surfaces: microblasted (MI), acid-etched and microblasted (AAM), anodized (A), and discrete crystalline deposition (DCD). Surface topography was assessed by scanning electron microscopy, interferometry, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The implants were placed in the central region of the radii of eight beagle dogs and remained in vivo for 10 or 30 days. The implants were torqued to interface failure, and a general linear statistical model with torque as the dependent variable and implant surface and time in vivo as independent variables was used. RESULTS: All surfaces presented were textured, and different surface chemistries were observed. No significant differences between implant surfaces were observed for torque at 10 days. However, at 30 days, the AAM surface presented significantly higher torque values compared to the DCD and A surfaces. Significantly higher torque values were observed at 30 days compared to 10 days (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Significantly different biomechanical fixation dependent on surface preparation was observed after 30 days, and all surfaces were biocompatible and osteoconductive.
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| 4. |
- Braian, Michael, et al.
(author)
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Tolerance Measurements on Internal- and External-Hexagon Implants
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 29:4, s. 846-852
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To measure the horizontal machining tolerances of the interface between internal-and external-hexagon implants and analogs with corresponding components after delivery from the manufacturer. These values may be a valuable tool for evaluating increasing misfit caused by fabrication, processing, and wear. Materials and Methods: Seven implants and seven analogs with external-and internal-hexagon connections (Biomet 3i) with corresponding prefabricated gold cylinders and gold screws, prefabricated cylindric plastic cylinders, and laboratory screws were studied. One set of components from the external and internal groups was measured manually and digitally. Measurements from the test subjects were compared with identical measurements from the virtual model to obtain threshold values. The virtual model was then used to obtain optimally oriented cuts. Results: The horizontal machining tolerances for castable plastic abutments on external implants were 12 +/- 89 mu m, and for internal implants they were 86 +/- 47 mu m. Tolerance measurements on prefabricated gold abutments for external implants were 44 +/- 9 mu m, and for internal implants they were 58 +/- 28 mu m. Conclusion: The groups with metallic components showed the smallest tolerance at < 50 mu m for the external group and < 90 mu m for the internal group. The prefabricated plastic cylinder groups ranged from < 100 mu m for external and < 130 mu m for internal connection.
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| 5. |
- Cooper, Lyndon F., et al.
(author)
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Immediate Provisionalization of Dental Implants Placed in Healed Alveolar Ridges and Extraction Sockets : A 5-year Prospective Evaluation
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 29:3, s. 709-717
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: This 5-year prospective multicenter study compared implant survival and success, peri-implant health and soft tissue responses, crestal bone level stability, and complication rates following immediate loading of single OsseoSpeed implants placed in anterior maxillary healed ridges or extraction sockets. Materials and Methods: Individuals requiring anterior tooth replacement with single implants were treated and immediately provisionalized. Definitive all-ceramic crowns were placed at 12 weeks. Implant survival, bone levels, soft tissue levels, and peri-implant health were monitored for 5 years. Results: One hundred thirteen patients received implants in fresh sockets (55) and healed ridges (58). After 5 years, 45 and 49 patients remained for evaluation, respectively. During the first year, three implants failed in the extraction socket group (94.6% survival) and one implant failed in the healed ridge group (98.3% survival); this difference was not significant. No further implant failures were recorded. After 5 years, the interproximal crestal bone levels were located a mean of 0.43 +/- 0.63 mm and 0.38 +/- 0.62 mm from the reference points of implants in sockets and healed ridges (not a significant difference). In both groups, papillae increased over time and peri-implant mucosal zenith positions were stable from the time of definitive crown placement in sockets and healed ridges. Compared to flap surgery for implants in healed ridges, flapless surgery resulted in increased peri-implant mucosal tissue dimension (average, 0.78 +/- 1.34 mm vs 0.19 +/- 0.79 mm). Conclusion: After 5 years, the bone and soft tissue parameters that characterize implant success and contribute to dental implant esthetics were similar following the immediate provisionalization of implants in sockets and healed ridges. The overall tissue responses and reported implant survival support the immediate provisionalization of dental implants in situations involving healed ridges and, under ideal circumstances, extraction sockets.
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| 6. |
- Erkapers, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Patient satisfaction following dental implant treatment with immediate loading in the edentulous atrophic maxilla
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 26:2, s. 356-364
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The present study evaluated patient satisfaction using the Oral Health Impact Profile 49 (OHIP-49) questionnaire for patients who received six implants in the severely resorbed maxilla and an implant-supported prosthesis that was delivered within 24 hours after surgery. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one edentulous patients with severe atrophy in the maxilla were included in the study, which was performed at two centers. Six implants were placed in the maxilla and loaded within 24 hours with a provisional restoration. The definitive restorations were delivered 20 to 24 weeks later. Patients were asked to complete the OHIP-49 questionnaire (which includes seven domains representing functional limitation, physical pain, psychologic discomfort, physical disability, psychologic disability, social disability, and handicap) prior to implant placement and on three subsequent occasions. The data were collected and analyzed and OHIP scores were compared over time. Results: Baseline satisfaction scores for the two different centers displayed no statistically significant differences. Treatment resulted in improved total OHIP-49 scores in both centers, with no significant difference between centers. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in any of the individual pretreatment and posttreatment OHIP-49 domains between centers. All seven domains showed a statistically significant improvement posttreatment. Of the seven domains, social disability and handicap showed the least improvement and had the lowest pretreatment scores, indicating lower significance for these domains compared to the other domains during implant treatment. This study also indicated that domains one to five (functional limitation, physical pain, psychologic discomfort, physical disability, and psychologic disability) are the most important domains in patient satisfaction with implant therapy. Conclusion: Measurement with the OHIP-49 questionnaire displayed that patient satisfaction increases after treatment with a fixed restoration on implants loaded within 24 hours.
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| 7. |
- Grüner, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Argon Ion Beam Polishing : A Preparation Technique for Evaluating the Interface of Osseointegrated Implants with High Resolution
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 26:3, s. 547-552
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the use of ion beam polishing for preparing cross sections suitable for high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigation of dental implants with a brittle porous oxide layer and of bone/implant interfaces. Materials and Methods: Thirteen Nobel Biocare TiUnite implants were placed in minipigs. After 4 weeks, the implant and surrounding bone were removed en bloc and the implant was cut axially into two halves. The cross section was then polished with an argon ion beam. Additionally, ion beam-polished cross sections were prepared from four as-received implants. Ion beam-polished surfaces were studied with a field emission SEM (FE-SEM). Results: With FE-SEM, up to 1 mm along the interface of ion beam-polished implant surfaces can be studied with a resolution of a few nanometers. Filled and unfilled pores of the porous TiUnite coating can be distinguished, providing information on pore accessibility. Implant-bone interfaces can be analyzed using backscattered electron images, where titanium, the oxide layer, mineralized extracellular matrix, and osteocyte lacunae/resin/soft tissue can easily be distinguished as a result of atomic number contrast and the sharp boundaries between the different materials. Filled and unfilled pores can be distinguished. Characterization of local chemistry is possible with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and bone growth into small pores (< 1 mu m) can be unambiguously confirmed. Conclusion: FE-SEM complements the established methods for the characterization of interfaces and bridges the wide gap in accessible length scale and resolution between the observations of mechanically polished interfaces by optical or scanning electron microscopes and the observation of focused ion beam-milled sections in a transmission electron microscope.
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| 8. |
- Jimbo, Ryo, et al.
(author)
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Vertical fracture and marginal bone loss of internal-connection implants : a finite element analysis
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 28:4, s. 171-176
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: Marginal bone loss around implants is of great concern, and its cause may be multifactorial. Recently, clinical cases presenting marginal bone loss, in most cases accompanied by vertical fracture of internal-connection implants in the buccolingual direction, have been reported, in which unfavorable stress distribution is one possible cause of marginal bone resorption. The purpose of the current study was to characterize this type of marginal bone loss and implant fracture by conducting a finite element analysis (FEA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical and radiographic evaluations showed that the prostheses of all reported cases had implant-level setups and were directly screwed to the internal implants. Intriguingly, all vertical fractures reported were in the buccolingual direction. Therefore, to characterize the specific implant fractures, FEA was conducted with misfit models created for two different setups, abutment-level and implant-level, both with screw-retained prostheses. The models were subjected to initial misfits of 0 μm (representing perfect fit), 50 μm, 100 μm, 150 μm, or 200 μm, and vertical loading was then applied. RESULTS: FEA revealed that, for the implant-level setup, excessive stress at the neck of the implant gradually increased in the buccolingual direction as the misfit increased. This result was not seen for the abutment-level setup. A broad maximum stress distribution was evident for the implant-level setup but not for the abutment-level setup. CONCLUSION: Broad distribution of excessive stress in the FEA correlated to the clinical cases, and marginal bone loss in these cases may be associated with mechanical alterations. To avoid unnecessary complications, selection of an abutment-level setup is strongly suggested.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Lars-Åke, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of bone regeneration after three different lateral sinus elevation procedures using micro-computed tomography of retrieved experimental implants and surrounding bone: a clinical, prospective, and randomized study.
- 2013
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In: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 1942-4434 .- 0882-2786. ; 28:2, s. 579-86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To compare three different lateral sinus elevation procedures concerning new bone formation by using micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) of retrieved implants. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four consecutive partially dentate patients with a mean age of 64 years were included in the study and provided with 30 sinus elevation procedures. Three procedures for lateral sinus elevation were used: lateral sinus elevation with replacement of bone window and without bone graft (BW), lateral sinus elevation and covering osteotomy site with a collagen membrane and without bone graft (CM), and lateral sinus elevation with autogenous bone graft (ABG). Experimental implants were retrieved after 7 months of healing and analyzed by micro-CT. Results: One implant was found not to be integrated at the time of implant retrieval. This implant belonged to group CM and was excluded when calculating bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and intrasinus bone levels. The integrity of the lateral sinus bony wall was determined at the time of implant removal. In group ABG, all lateral sinus walls were ossified. In group BW, one lateral sinus wall was not completely ossified and in group CM, two lateral sinus walls. There were no statistical differences in %BIC between the groups: 93.5% (BW), 92.0% (CM) and 93.5% (ABG). Additionally, no statistical differences were found in apical intrasinus bone levels between the groups. When surfaces were compared within the same implant, a statistical difference was found between the apicobuccal distance and the apicolingual distance. The mean apicobuccal distances/apicolingual distances were 0.6 mm/1.2 mm for the BW group, 0.5 mm/0.8 mm for the CM group, and 0.6 mm/0.8 mm for the ABG group (P = .003). Conclusions: All three procedures were statistically equal when new bone formation was compared. Most of the examined implants’ apices were not covered with bone at the time of retrieval.
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| 10. |
- Jungner, Måns, et al.
(author)
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Follow-up study of implants with turned or oxidized surfaces placed after sinus augmentation
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 29:6, s. 1380-1387
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To compare long-term survival and clinical outcomes of endosseous implants with different surface characteristics in patients with sinus elevation procedures, autologous bone grafting, and delayed implant placement. Materials and Methods: Implant survival, peri-implant soft tissue conditions, marginal bone level, intrasinus apical bone level, and sinus health were studied in patients subjected to autologous bone graft and delayed placement of implants with turned or oxidized surfaces. After a minimum of 5 years of functional loading, all patients were clinically examined regarding gingival pocket depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BoP). The marginal bone level (MBL) was measured in intraoral radiographs. Cone beam computed tomography was used to evaluate the apical bone level (ABL) of the implants and intrasinus conditions. Results: Twenty-eight patients received sinus elevation and a total of 92 dental implants. Thirteen patients received 47 implants with a turned surface, and 15 patients received 45 implants with an oxidized surface. Mean follow-up was 10 years (range, 5 to 19 years). No significant difference was found between the two implant surfaces in terms of PD, BoP, MBL, or ABL. Four patients (14%) exhibited radiographic signs of sinus pathology, with opacification, polyplike structures, and thickening of the sinus membrane. Radiographic signs of sinus pathology were not correlated to implant survival or to the investigated parameters. Conclusion: Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor with intraorally harvested bone and delayed placement of either turned or oxidized implants results in equally high long-term survival rates, stable marginal and apical bone levels, and good peri-implant soft tissue health.
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