| 1. |
- Andersson, Per-Ola, 1964, et al.
(author)
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Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP): molecular mechanisms and implications for therapy.
- 2004
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In: Expert reviews in molecular medicine. - 1462-3994. ; 6:24, s. 1-17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune-mediated disorder in which platelets are prematurely destroyed in the reticuloendothelial system by platelet autoantibodies. However, it is becoming clear that the pivotal process of the humoral immune response in the pathogenesis of the disorder is a complex interaction between antigen-presenting cells, T cells and B cells. Furthermore, it is increasingly evident that regulatory T cells play an important role and that T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity contributes to the destruction of platelets in ITP. Different new approaches to immunotherapy in chronic ITP have been explored, including use of anti-CD20, anti-CD154 and anti-CD52 antibodies. So far, these therapies have been antigen-nonspecific and the risk of general immunosuppression is a concern. Thus, improving our understanding of the interaction and relative contribution of humoral and cell-mediated mechanisms is essential for developing antigen-specific immunotherapies for the treatment of this disorder. This review aims to elucidate the current status of knowledge of the cellular and humoral immune components of chronic ITP, together with the implications of this knowledge for therapy.
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| 2. |
- Dillner, Joakim, et al.
(author)
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Can genital-tract human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer be prevented with a vaccine?
- 2004
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In: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine. - 1462-3994. ; 2004, s. 1-21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. This causative relationship has provided the rationale and incentive for development of a prophylactic vaccine. Such a vaccine, if found to be effective, could reduce the need for cervical cancer screening and have a profound effect on the incidence of cervical and other anogenital cancers. This review begins by examining the basic biological and epidemiological principles relevant to the development of HPV preventative vaccines. It then summarises studies examining the use of vaccines to prevent HPV infection in animals and humans, and, finally, discusses some of the unanswered issues surrounding vaccine development against HPV infection and cervical cancer.
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