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- Bernspång, Birgitta, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Motor and perceptual impairments in acute stroke patients : effects on self-care ability
- 1987
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In: Stroke. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 18:6, s. 1081-1086
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relative importance of motor, perceptual, and some cognitive functions for self-care ability was analyzed in a representative sample of 109 subjects within 2 weeks of acute stroke. Forty-nine patients (45%) were dependent or partly dependent in self-care. Profound motor dysfunction was present in 39%, low-order perceptual deficits in 10%, high-order perceptual deficits in 60%, and disorientation in time and space in 13% of the patients. There was a significant covariation between motor function and self-care ability and between low-order perception and orientation function. Low-order and high-order perception covaried only weakly. Discriminant analyses showed that the actual level of self-care proficiency could be correctly predicted in 70% of the cases by the 4 indexes of motor function, low-order perception, high-order perception, and orientation. The dominating predictor was motor function, and the next highest was high-order perception. When a program for early training is designed with the aim to alleviate long-term self-care disability after stroke, correct assessment of motor and perceptual functions in the individual stroke patient is essential.
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| 2. |
- Grubb, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Immunohistochemical characterization of the amyloid deposits and quantitation of pertinent cerebrospinal fluid proteins in hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis
- 1987
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In: Stroke. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 18:2, s. 431-440
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cystatin C, a protein inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine proteinases, was demonstrated by immunohistochemical techniques to be present in the birefringent amyloid deposits of the small arteries in the cerebrum, cerebellum, and leptomeninges of 10 Icelandic individuals with hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis. Specimens from other organs were investigated in one of the patients, and amyloid angiopathy characterized by an immunoreactivity of cystatin C was found in a submandibular lymph node. No immunoreactivity of amyloid fibril protein AA, kappa or lambda immunoglobulin light chain, or prealbumin was observed. Significantly low cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of cystatin C were found in all 9 investigated individuals with hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis. The concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin, albumin, and IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid were within normal limits. Isoelectric focusing showed that cystatin C from the cerebrospinal fluid of 9 patients with hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis had an isoelectric point identical to that of normal individuals. This investigation demonstrates that hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis may be diagnosed by two laboratory methods: immunohistochemical investigation of cystatin C in brain tissue specimens and quantitation of cystatin C in cerebrospinal fluid.
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| 3. |
- Grøgaard, B, et al.
(author)
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Forebrain ischemia in the rat. Relation between duration of ischemia, use of adjunctive ganglionic blockade and long-term recovery.
- 1986
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In: Stroke. - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 17:5, s. 1010-5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relation between duration of ischemia, use of adjunctive ganglionic blockade and long-term recovery was studied in a rat model giving reversible subtotal forebrain ischemia. Ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery clamping and controlled hemorrhage to a mean arterial pressure of 50 mm Hg in animals artificially ventilated under 70% N2O. After variable lengths of time, the clamps were removed and the drawn blood was reinfused. In some animals, the ganglion blocker Arfonad was given (group A+) on induction of ischemia to facilitate hypotension. There was a strict dose-response relationship between duration of ischemia and mortality. Mortality was higher among animals not given Arfonad (group A-; 37% after 10 min of ischemia and 100% after 13 min) than in group A+ (about 20% after 12-13 min of ischemia, 50% after 15 min and 80% after 19 min). In group A+ more than half of the animals died later than 24 h after ischemia. All of them were hyperexcitable and 12% died during witnessed epileptic fits. Group A- animals regularly died within the first 24 h, with no indication of central nervous system involvement. Less blood had to be drawn to attain hypotension (mean arterial pressure 50 mm Hg) in group A+ (1.5 +/- 0.3 ml/100 g b.w.) than in group A- (2.5 +/- 0.2 ml/100 g b.w.). Group A+ also had less "washout" acidosis 5 min after reinfusion of the shed blood than group A- (15 min of ischemia: pH 7.24 +/- 0.07 v 6.96 +/- 0.06).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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