| 1. |
- Adamsson, Åsa, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Measurement and three-dimensional simulation of flow in a rectangular detention tank
- 2005
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In: Urban Water Journal. - 1744-9006 .- 1573-062X. ; 2:4, s. 277-287
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There are two main ways to obtain better knowledge of the hydraulics of ponds, namelymeasurements and simulations. In this study, the applicability of using three-dimensionalsimulations as an engineering tool in stormwater pond design was investigated. To dothis, three-dimensional simulations were compared with measurements of flow patternand residence time in a large physical model of a detention tank (13 x 9x 1 m). Theagreement between measurements and simulations concerning both flow pattern andresidence time distribution curves was found to be good for high flow rates.
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| 2. |
- Bengtsson, Lars
(author)
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Wetland systems to control urban runoff
- 2007
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In: Urban Water Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1744-9006 .- 1573-062X. ; 4:2, s. 133-133
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Review (other academic/artistic)
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| 3. |
- Bäckström, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Transport of stormwater pollutants through a roadside grassed swale
- 2006
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In: Urban Water Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1573-062X .- 1744-9006. ; 3:2, s. 55-67
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Investigations of the pollutant trapping capability of a grassed swale receiving runoff from a road with a traffic intensity of 8,000 vehicles/day were carried out in central Luleå, Sweden. Transport and retention of suspended solids, particles and heavy metals (copper, lead and zinc) were analysed. The sampling was carried out during seven rain events. The results show that once pollutants are trapped in a grassed swale they are not permanently bound to vegetation or soil. A roadside grassed swale may be regarded as a stormwater treatment facility that attenuates the peaks in pollutant loads, without being capable of producing consistently high removal rates.
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| 4. |
- Chowdhury, Rezaul K., et al.
(author)
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Selection of the optimal alternative : rehabilitation of a regional drainage channel in Bangladesh
- 2009
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In: URBAN WATER JOURNAL. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1573-062X .- 1744-9006. ; 6:5, s. 395-405
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Due to the dynamic inter-relationship between human society and water resources, decision-making is a tricky task in water management sectors. In this study, multi-criteria analysis has been used as a decision support tool for the selection of a sustainable option in a regional channel improvement in Bangladesh. The Malnichara channel flows across the north-eastern divisional city of the country, and is responsible for storm water conveyance to the downstream Surma River. The channel was observed to be at risk due to anthropogenic activities such as encroachment, sewage and solid waste disposal and the filling up of natural depression basins. Using the multi-criteria analysis, three alternatives for channel improvement (sodding natural channel, lined natural channel and concrete box culvert) were evaluated with respect to ten indicators, grouped into four sustainability criteria (technical, economic, environmental and social). Sodding natural channel was found to be the optimal alternative, though the selection was sensitive to social criteria. Such a straightforward tool can efficiently be used to ensure sustainability of the channel through stakeholders' involvement in decision-making.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Eva, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Phytotoxicity of grey wastewater evaluated by toxicity tests
- 2006
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In: Urban Water Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1573-062X .- 1744-9006. ; 3:1, s. 13-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An algal growth inhibition test and a short-term acute assay for willows were used in order to evaluate the phytotoxicity of grey wastewater from different sources. Bathroom grey wastewaters were toxic towards algae (EC10 = 36 – 375 mL/L), whereas kitchen and laundry wastewaters were found to be toxic to both organisms (EC10 = 55 – 198 mL/L). The investigation showed that untreated grey wastewater could pose an environmental hazard if discharged into small-size receiving waters. Discharge to willow evaporation beds is problematic and toxic effects may be encountered, but, compared to direct discharge to surface water, the risks of toxic effects are much less pronounced.
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| 6. |
- Sjömander-Magnusson, Therese, et al.
(author)
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Context driven policy design in urban water management : A case study of Windhoek, Namibia
- 2005
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In: Urban Water Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1573-062X .- 1744-9006. ; 2:3, s. 151-160
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Urban water management in the southern cities of Namibia is composed through both a formal and an informal system. In the formal system, controlling demand is the key issue, and in the informal system, an improved accessibility to water is fundamental. The main issue raised in this paper is how authorities can support an ever-increasing poor population with water and at the same time keep demand among households with private water connections at a reasonable level. To decrease the demand for water in Windhoek, a thorough water demand management strategy (WDM) was launched in 1994. Water managers showed a high level of adaptability to the alarming water situation. One of the lessons learned from the implementation in Windhoek is that dedicated people with active involvement and vision are important for successful WDM. The budget must be allocated on a continuous basis for the implementation of certain WDM measures and a degree of flexibility among water users is important for the strategy to be successful. The dual situation experienced in cities in the South where both a need to expand services, and at the same time control demand, calls for a new approach in urban water management. Strategies need to be socially specific and flexible to changing pre-conditions. Therefore, a context driven policy design is advocated.
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| 7. |
- Vinnerås, B., et al.
(author)
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The characteristics of household wastewater and biodegradable solid waste : a proposal for new Swedish design values
- 2006
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In: Urban Water Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1573-062X .- 1744-9006. ; 3:1, s. 3-11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present Swedish design values (DV) for urine, faeces, greywater and biodegradable solid waste were scrutinised and compared to the composition of these fractions in two blocks of flats, Gebers and Ekoporten. For evaluation of the greywater composition, two additional areas were included: the housing area Vibyåsen and a calculation based upon the composition of the sewage sludge in Ryaverken sewage treatment plant in Gothenburg. The parameters scrutinised were dry mass, wet mass, BOD7, COD, N, P, K, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd, Hg and Pb. Based on the results, new updated Swedish DV were proposed for these parameters in the fractions urine, faeces, greywater and biodegradable solid waste
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