| 1. |
- Viteckova, Slavka, et al.
(författare)
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Gait symmetry methods : Comparison of waveform-based Methods and recommendation for use
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1746-8094 .- 1746-8108. ; 55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gait symmetry has been shown to be a relevant measure for differentiating between normal and pathological gait. Although a number of symmetry methods exist, it is not clear which of these methods should be used as they have been developed using data collected from varying experimental protocols. This paper presents a comparison of state-of-the-art waveform-based symmetry methods and tests them on walking data collected from different environments. Acceleration signals collected from the ankle are used to analyse symmetry methods under different signal circumstances, such as phase shift, waveform shape difference, signal length (i.e. number of gait cycles) and gait initiation phase. The cyclogram based method is invariant to signal phase shifts, signal length and the gait initiation phase. The trend symmetry method is not affected by signal scaling and the gait initiation phase but is affected by signal length depending on the environment. Similar to the trend method, the cross-correlation symmetry method is not responsive to signal scaling and the gait initiation phase. The results of the symbolic method are not influenced by signal scaling, gait initiation and depending on the environment by the signal phase shift. From the results of the performed analysis, we recommend the trend method to gait symmetry assessment. The comparison of waveform-based symmetry methods brings new knowledge that will help in selecting an appropriate method for gait symmetry assessment under different experimental protocols. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Stern, Jenny, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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The association between early introduction of tiny tastings of solid foods and duration of breastfeeding
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Breastfeeding Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1746-4358. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Conflicting advice and non-evidence-based recommendations have a negative effect on breastfeeding. Since 2011, the National Food Agency in Sweden has informed parents that they can introduce tiny tastings (1 mL of solid food, i.e. other sources of nutrition than breastmilk/formula) to infants from four months of age. It is unknown how national recommendations, which differ from the Word Health Organisation's recommendation, affect breastfeeding. We hypothesised that introduction of tiny tastings of solid foods would shorten the duration of continued breastfeeding.METHODS: This retrospective study utilises data from the longitudinal 'Swedish Pregnancy Planning Study', in which mothers were recruited at antenatal clinics on a national level. The participants completed three questionnaires up to one year after birth (n = 1,251). Linear regression models were used to analyse the association between the introduction of solid foods and the duration of breastfeeding.RESULTS: As hypothesised, introduction of tiny tastings shortened the duration of continued breastfeeding. Half of all infants (48%) were fed with tiny tastings already in the fourth month. The correlation analysis showed that the earlier the infants started with tiny tastings, the earlier they ate larger amounts of solid food. In a multivariate linear regression analysis, five factors were identified as having a negative effect on the duration of breastfeeding: low infant age upon introduction of tiny tastings, low maternal age, low level of maternal education, high maternal BMI and twin birth.CONCLUSIONS: Early introduction of tiny tastings of solid foods shortened the duration of breastfeeding. It is difficult to influence most conditions that affect breastfeeding, for example, the mother's educational level, BMI, age and if she has given birth to twins. In contrast, national guidelines can always be updated. Recommendations from the Swedish authorities should adhere to the WHO's recommendation, which states exclusive breastfeeding for six months and continued breastfeeding for at least two years or longer.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Erik, 1979-
(författare)
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A transactional and action-oriented methodological approach to young people's political socialisation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Education, Citizenship and Social Justice. - : Sage Publications. - 1746-1979 .- 1746-1987. ; 15:3, s. 243-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The research field of (young people’s) political socialisation faces methodological challenges in (1) handling individual agency and political culture as simultaneous and mutual, (2) handling the relation between continuity and change and (3) observing the process of meaning-making in political socialisation. The aim ofthe article is to theoretically argue, present and analytically demonstrate a methodological approach for the study of young people’s political socialisation in action, in the meaning-making process of being and becoming (a) political (subject). Within the research framework of situational political socialisation, a transactional methodological approach is contributed and analytically demonstrated with an empirical analysis of political norms in action. Political socialisation is handled as an observable communication and meaning-makingpractice, thus implying a subjective, situational, relational, participation and action-oriented approach in order to counteract the risks of treating the rising generation as depoliticised objects for political fostering.
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| 4. |
- Benjamin, Saija, et al.
(författare)
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Safeguarding social justice and equality : Exploring Finnish youths' 'Intergroup Mindsets' as a novel approach in the prevention of radicalization and extremism through education
- 2023
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Ingår i: Education, Citizenship and Social Justice. - : SAGE Publications. - 1746-1979 .- 1746-1987. ; , s. 174619792211358-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As part of citizenship education, the prevention of radicalization and extremism through education (PVE-E) is an urgent initiative of global educational policy. According to research, radicalized individuals, despite the ideology held, have mindsets that challenge equality and social justice. In this light, this study examines the intergroup mindsets of Finnish students aged 16–19 in vocational institutions through a mixed methods research survey (n = 383). Three distinct intergroup mindsets were found in a profile analysis. The findings demonstrate that the intergroup mindsets of the students are predominantly egalitarian, open-minded, and inclusive. However, there are also students whose mindsets are anti-egalitarian and pro-dominance, and for whom Finnishness is a marker of borders and social exclusion. If intensified and manipulated, the views of these youth may become radicalized with serious implications for national security and societal cohesion.We argue that in PVE-E, the focus on critical thinking must be complemented with transformative approaches that support the development of mindsets based on social justice and equality.
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