| 1. |
- Bonow, Madeleine, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Urban Ponds for Breeding Medicinal Leeches (Hirudo medicinalis Linnaeus, 1758) in Sweden
- 2017
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In: Meta H : historiskarkeologisk tidskrift. - Uppsala : Historiskarkeologiska föreningen. - 2002-0406 .- 2002-388X. ; , s. 63-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Leeches and their medicinal applications are well-studied in history. In Scandinavia the use of medicinal leeches for therapy is mentioned already by Olaus Magnus in his Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus (1555). Carl Linnaeus named the species Hirudo medicinalis. In the 1760s leeches became widely accepted as a medicament and the demand increased, not only in Sweden but all over Europe. By the 1830s around 50 million leeches were employed in hospitals every year causing a shortage of leeches all over Europe. However, the species is rare in Scandinavia. In Sweden medicinal leeches have been harvested in the southern part of the country. The local occurrence did not cover the large demand and imported leeches had to be used. In the nineteenth century, over-exploitation reduced many local populations and breeding medicinal leeches in ponds became a concern for authorities in many countries. Several farms for breeding leeches in ponds were also founded in rural and urban settings. We know very little about them, but toponyms serve to remind us of such ponds. This article aims to shed some light on the forgotten practice of breeding medicinal leeches in urban ponds in Sweden.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Niklas, 1976-
(author)
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Svärdet (1663-1676) : Ett regalskepp byggt på holländskt manér
- 2017
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In: META H : historiskarkeologisk tidskrift. - Uppsala : Historiskarkeologiska föreningen. - 2002-0406 .- 2002-388X. ; , s. 7-26
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Svärdet (1663-1676) - a ship built in the Dutch manner. During the first half of the Seventeenth century the Swedish navy relied on Dutch master shipwrights who built ships in what was dubbed as ‘the Dutch manner’ Det holländska manéret. By the midcentury, the relations between the countries deteriorated to war. In this situation the Swedish Admirality sought for shipbuilding competence in England, which resulted in the introduction of the English manner – Det engelska manéret. In 2011 the remains of the ship Svärdet was discovered outside Öland. The ship was built 1660 to 1663 and sank during a battle in 1676. This paper presents the results from the initial survey of the wreck. Together with written sources and some preserved images of the ship it has been possible to get an impression of what the ship looked like. Focus of the paper is to present Svärdet as an example of one of the last ships built by the Dutch master shipwrights.
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| 3. |
- Hansson, Martin
(author)
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Småstäder och andra orter i senmedeltidens Småland
- 2017
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In: META Historiskarkeologisk tidskrift. - 2002-0406. ; 2017, s. 73-86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Late medieval towns have often been neglected within the urban archaeological paradigm. This article tries to discuss the medieval urbanization from the perspective of small late medieval towns in relation to other types of central places by using a regional perspective. The towns of Vimmerby and Eksjö, and the central places of Värnamo and Vetlanda in Småland are used as examples. In this region, the functional similarities between places that became formal towns, and places that never got formal town privileges, are very evident. Markets, judicial and religious functions were present regardless of whether the place was a formal town or not. It is also evident that formal towns lacked the expected presence of densely built up areas.
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