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Träfflista för sökning "L773:2053 1419 OR L773:2053 1400 srt2:(2018)"

Search: L773:2053 1419 OR L773:2053 1400 > (2018)

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1.
  • Moona, Nashita, 1985, et al. (author)
  • Partial renewal of granular activated carbon filters for improved drinking water treatment
  • 2018
  • In: Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2053-1419 .- 2053-1400. ; 4:4, s. 529-538
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • There is a trend of increasing natural organic matter (NOM) in raw drinking waters of Nordic countries due to climate change. Seasonal deterioration in NOM quality imparts challenges for delivering a consistently high drinking water quality. In this study, a simple and cost-effective operational strategy was investigated that improved short-term NOM removal in a full-scale treatment plant. Three granular activated carbon (GAC) media biofilters were modified by replacing a small fraction of saturated filter media with new media. Relative to replacing the entire biofilter media, this approach required lower capital cost and shorter downtime and maintained conditions for biological filter functioning. NOM removal efficiencies were compared in modified versus unmodified (reference) filters using online UV absorbance, and offline fluorescence and dissolved organic carbon measurements. The modified biofilters showed improved organic matter removal lasting for at least four weeks. Partial replenishment of GAC in full-scale biofilters may be a useful and sustainable operational strategy for coping with temporarily high NOM loads in raw waters that might otherwise cause water quality problems.
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2.
  • Ottenhall, Anna, 1989-, et al. (author)
  • Cellulose-based water purification using paper filters modified with polyelectrolyte multilayers to remove bacteria from water through electrostatic interactions
  • 2018
  • In: Environmental Science. - 2053-1400 .- 2053-1419.
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Filtration is a common way to obtain pure drinking water by removing particles and microorganisms based on size exclusion. Cellulose-based filters are affordable and biobased option for the removal of particles but bacteria are usually too small to be removed by size exclusion alone. In this article, the surfaces of cellulose fibres in two types of commercial paper filters have been given a positive net charge to trap bacteria through electrostatic interactions without releasing any biocides. The fibres were modified with the cationic polyelectrolyte polyvinylamine polymer in single layers (1 L) or in multilayers together with the anionic polyelectrolyte polyacrylic acid (3 L or 5 L) using a water-based process at room temperature. Filtration tests show that all filters, using both types of filter papers and a number of layers, can physically remove more than 99.9% of E. coli from water and that the 3 L modified filters can remove more than 97% of cultivatable bacteria from natural water samples. The bacterial reduction increased with increasing number of filter sheets used for the filtration and the majority of the bacteria were trapped in the top sheets of the filter. The results show the potential for creating water purification filters from bio-based everyday consumable products with a simple modification process. The filters could be used in the future for point-of-use water purification that may be able to save lives without releasing bactericides.
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