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- Eyrich, C., et al.
(author)
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Effects of substitution on the exchange stiffness and magnetization of Co films
- 2014
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In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 90:23, s. 235408-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An antiferromagnetically coupled FM/NM/FM (FM = ferromagnet, NM = normal metal) trilayer structure responds to an external magnetic field by the formation of a magnetic-moment spring within the FM layers. We show that the exchange stiffness (A ex) of an FM layer can be determined by fitting the field-dependent magnetization, M(H), of the FM/NM/FM trilayer to a micromagnetic model. Using this method, we have measured the exchange stiffness of thin-film Co alloyed with Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, and Ru. The results show that the rate at which a substituent element reduces the exchange stiffness is not directly related to its effect on the magnetization of the alloy. The observed trends have been understood by material-specific modeling based on density functional theory within the local density approximation. The stiffness measurements are in agreement with Brillouin light scattering carried out on thicker Co films.
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- Njoroge, Kezia M., et al.
(author)
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Voices unheard : Youth and sexuality in the wake of HIV prevention in Kenya
- 2010
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In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 1:4, s. 143-148
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to explore the concerns of young people on sexuality in its social contexts in the era of HIV/AIDS in three districts in Kenya.Study designYoung people in Kajiado, Kirinyaga and Meru Districts were requested to write questions on sexuality and related problems that later formed the basis for discussion in community dialogue meetings with adults. The social ecological conceptual model (SEM) was used to illuminate the contextual factors and actors influencing sexual behaviours among young people.ResultsThe study suggests that young people and adults are concerned about honest and open communication on sexuality. Predominant concerns for the young people were love, sexual urge, desires or sexual wellness and condom use. Their questions suggest that young people are sexually active, yet have little knowledge on sexual matters. The results describe a prohibitive silence from adults, an issue reflected in the questions from the school youth.ConclusionThis study suggests the need to move from seeing sexuality as a problem and focus on sexual wellness and the positive aspects of sexuality. The adult participants suggested that bringing men and women together for reflection and discussion in a participatory mode, transformative learning and change could be achieved. It is vital that the youth and adults have open communication as a foundation for youth to mature into adults. This can be achieved, if interventions including research address multiple contextual factors such as cultural norms, gender differences, as well as communication barriers.
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- Wiklund, Ingela, et al.
(author)
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Routine testing of umbilical cord blood after normal delivery should be discontinued
- 2014
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In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare. - : Elsevier. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 5:4, s. 165-166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- On many newborns in Sweden routine samples of blood are taken from the umbilical cord after birth to measure the acid-base balance. These tests were introduced with the aim to objectively measure the well-being and stress levels of the newborn. The information was to be used as a measurement of quality of care, for research and as a tool to help guide decisions around the care-needs of the newborn. After 10 years of routine analysis it has become clear that the results of these tests have limited clinical value and that they are a poor measurement of quality of care. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
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