| 1. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes toward uncertainty among the poor: An experiment in rural Ethiopia
- 2012
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Ingår i: Theory and Decision. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0040-5833 .- 1573-7187. ; 73:3, s. 453-464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate risk and ambiguity attitudes among Ethiopian farmers in one of the poorest regions of the world. Strong risk aversion and ambiguity aversion were found with the Ethiopian farmers. We compared their attitudes to those of a Western university student sample elicited by the same decision task. Ambiguity aversion was similar for farmers and students, but farmers were more risk averse. Our results show that ambiguity aversion is not restricted to Western student populations, and that studies of agricultural decisions may benefit from explicitly considering ambiguity attitudes.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Does relative income matter for the very poor? - Evidence from rural Ethiopia
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We studied whether relative income has an impact on subjective well-being among extremely poor people. Contrary to the findings in developed countries, we cannot reject the hypothesis that relative income has no impact on subjective well-being in rural areas of northern Ethiopia.
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| 5. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Home Sweet Home? Macroeconomic Conditions in Home Countries and the Well-Being of Migrants
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper examines whether the subjective well-being of migrants is responsive to fluctuations in macroeconomic conditions in their country of origin. Using the German Socio- Economic Panel for the years 1984 to 2009 and macroeconomic variables for 24 countries of origin, we exploit country-year variation for identi cation of the effect and panel data to control for migrants observed and unobserved characteristics. We find strong (mild) evidence that migrants' well-being responds negatively (positively) to an increase in the GDP (un- employment rate) of their home country. That is, we originally demonstrate that migrants regard home countries as natural comparators and, thereby, suggest an original assessment of the migration s relative deprivation motive. We also show that migrants are positively affected by the performances of the German regions in which they live (a signal effect ). We demonstrate that both effects decline with years-since-migration and with the degree of assimilation in Germany, which is consistent with a switch of migrants reference point from home countries to migration destinations. Results are robust to the inclusion of country-time trends, to control for remittances sent to relatives in home countries and to a correction for selection into return migration. We derive important implications for labor market and migration policies.
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| 6. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Positional Concerns among the Poor: Does Reference Group Matter? Evidence from Survey Experiments
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of African Economies. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0963-8024 .- 1464-3723. ; 23:5, s. 673-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research studies suggest a lower degree of positional concerns among people from poor countries. Yet the evidence is limited and most often builds on the assumption that people's reference groups are the same across all individuals. We conduct a survey experiment in urban Ethiopia that is modified to include multiplicity of reference groups. We estimate positional concerns considering various reference groups to test whether the low positional concerns found in the literature are due to misspecification of the reference groups. The results show a low degree of positional concern, which is highly stable across different reference groups.
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| 8. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Relative concerns of rural-to-urban migrants in China
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681. ; 81, s. 421-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As their environment changes, migrants constitute an interesting group to study the effect of relative income on subjective well-being. This paper focuses on the huge population of rural-to-urban migrants in China. Using a novel dataset, we find that the well-being of migrants depends on several reference groups: it is negatively affected by the income of other migrants and workers of home regions; in contrast, we identify a positive, 'signal' effect vis-à-vis urban workers: larger urban incomes indicate higher income prospects for the migrants. These effects are particularly strong for migrants who wish to settle permanently, decline with years since migrations and change with other characteristics including work conditions and community ties. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
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| 9. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Remittances and well-being among rural-to-urban migrants in China
- 2014
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Ingår i: Review of Economics of the Household. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1569-5239 .- 1573-7152. ; 12, s. 517-546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objective of this paper is to propose a systematic approach to empirically analyse the relationship between sending remittances and the utility of migrants, as proxied by their subjective well-being (SWB). Using data from a new survey on China, we estimate models in which a SWB measure is regressed on the level of remittances, finding a sizeable positive correlation. The estimates vary with the socio-economic characteristics of migrants, migration experience and the diversity of family arrangements. As a complementary objective, we use SWB measures to elicit the motivations behind remittances, finding evidence that both altruistic and contractual motivations are at work among rural-to-urban migrants in China. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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