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- Al Khabour, Anas, 1976
(author)
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Burials and funerary practices along the Euphrates Valley during the Early Bronze Age
- 2018
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In: ISIMU. Revista sobre Oriente Próximo y Egipto en la antigüedad. - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid : Centro Superior de Estudios de Oriente Próximo y Egipto Departamento de Historia Antigua. - 1575-3492. ; , s. 1-34
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The main aim of this paper is to compare the cemetaries along the Syrian Middle Euphrtes from Karkemish to Abu Kamal and in the Djezirah hinterland. Besides a typology of the graves, the inventory of material culture in the graves such as pottery, metalurgical objects, weapons…etc these have a valuable role to understand the burial customs during the 3rd millennium BC (Early Bronze Age). The differentiation is documented in terms of relationship to the livings between those cemtaries close to a settlement along the river and others in the steppe areas (nomadic). Besides, a study on burials and burial customs allows to establish information about the social structure of the inhabitants, because mortuary practices reflect the social, religious and practical views of the societies of the third millennium B.C., it is not only concerns deposition of the deceased, but also the living who buried them. Tha gathered data includes the brial sites along the Euphrates Valley in the Syrian territory as well as the adjantes areas to the river’s course. The excavations and surveys have been conducted by different expeditions: Syrian, German, Japanese, North American and Spanish, or joint missions. Generally, most of these tombs were already looted. The cemeteries and necropolises in question are situated on both banks of the river.
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| 2. |
- Al Khabour, Anas, 1976
(author)
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Il ruolo della Legge sulle Antichità Siriane per la protezione del patrimonio culturale fino allo scoppio della guerra civile in Siria nel 2011 : The role of the Syrian Antiquities Law in protecting Syrian cultural heritage until the outbreak of the Syrian civil war 2011
- 2018
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In: Astarté. Estudios del Oriente Próximo y el Mediterráneo. - 2659-3998. ; :1, s. 1-13
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- How cultural heritage in Syria was treated before the establishment of the Syrian Antiquities Law 1963 and how it was considered after? This paper attempts to answer this question starting with the Ottoman Empire period and going through the French mandate in Syria until the establishment of the Antiquities Law in 1963 with all its amendments 1999 ending by the deliberate destruction of heritage after the beginning of the civil war in March 2011. I aim to reflect my own previous experience as director of the National Museum of Raqqa 2003-2008 and Head of its Department of Antiquities and Museums. With parallel to the antiquities law, existed series of commissions and competent authorities that could, within the scope of lake of economic and human resources, protect the heritage in a satisfactory way. Cultural heritage has been considered as part of the nation’s identity and have passed different stages of conservation in sometimes or depredation in others, depending on the political scene. But in general, local laws and regulations in Syria served in attempt to control all activities related to heritage; exportation, excavation, research, preservation, display and diffusion. Come è stato gestito il patrimonio culturale siriano prima che fosse emanata la Legge sulle Antichità Siriane nel 1963? E come è stato considerato da quel momento in poi? Questo documento rappresenta il tentativo di rispondere a tale quesito, partendo dal periodo dell’Impero Ottomano, percorrendo poi gli anni del Mandato Francese in Siria fino all’emanazione della Legge sulle Antichità nel 1963 con tutti i suoi relativi emendamenti del 1999, per terminare infine con la deliberata distruzione del patrimonio culturale che ha fatto seguito all’inizio della guerra civile nel marzo 2011. Il mio proposito è quello di riferire la mia esperienza in qualità di Direttore del Museo Nazionale di Raqqa 2003-2008 e come Dirigente del Dipartimento delle Antichità e dei Musei. In parallelo alla Legge sulle Antichità esistevano una serie di commissioni ed enti competenti che erano in grado di proteggere il patrimonio culturale in maniera soddisfacente pur mancando le risorse umane ed economiche. Il patrimonio culturale è stato sempre considerato parte dell’identità nazionale ed è passato attraverso stadi di conservazione o depredazione, a seconda della scena politica, ma in generale le leggi e le regolamentazioni locali in Siria hanno avuto la funzione di controllare tutte le attività relative al patrimonio culturale: esportazione, rinvenimento, ricerca, preservazione, mostra e diffusione.
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