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- Kopp, C., et al.
(author)
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Very compact FTTH Diplexer design using advanced wafer level fabrication methods
- 2008
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In: MICRO-OPTICS 2008. - Strasbourg : SPIE.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- FTTH networks require implementing a diplexer at each user termination. According to most of the standards, this diplexer detects a download signal beam at 1.49ÎŒm and emits an upload signal beam at 1.31ÎŒm on the same single mode fibre. Both signals exhibit datarate speed below 2.5Gbps. Today, most of the diplexers are obtained by actively aligning a set of individual optoelectronic components and micro-optics. However, new manufacturing solutions satisfying very low cost and mass production capability requirements of this market would help to speed the massive spreading of this technology. In this paper, we present an original packaging design to manufacture Diplexer Optical Sub-Assembly for FTTH application. A dual photodiode is stacked over a VCSEL and detects both the download signal beam at 1.49ÎŒm passing through the laser and one part of the upload signal beam at 1.31ÎŒm for monitoring. To satisfy this approach, an innovative VCSEL has been designed to have a very high transmission at 1.49ÎŒm. All these components are mounted on a very small circuit board on glass including also integrated circuits such as transimpedance amplifier. So, the device combines advanced optoelectronic components and highly integrated Multi-Chip-Module on glass approach using collective wafer-level assembling technologies. For the single mode fibre optical coupling, active and passive alignment solutions are considered.
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- Becker, C., et al.
(author)
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Migraine incidence, comorbidity and health resource utilization in the UK
- 2008
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In: Cephalalgia. - : SAGE Publications. - 0333-1024 .- 1468-2982. ; 28:1, s. 57-64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Population-based data on migraine incidence and comorbidity are scarce. We therefore aimed to quantify incidence rates and comorbidity of diagnosed migraine and health resource utilization (HRU) in migraineurs in the UK primary care setting. We conducted a follow-up study with a nested case-control analysis on the General Practice Research Database. The study encompassed 51 688 patients with a first-time diagnosis of migraine between 1994 and 2001, and the same number of matched controls. The migraine incidence rate was 3.69 (95± confidence interval 3.66, 3.73) cases per 1000 person-years. It was around 2.5 times higher in women. Most chronic diseases were slightly more prevalent in migraineurs than in controls. Triptan users had higher health resource utilization than other migraineurs. This study shows that migraine is a common diagnosis in general practice and associated with a high prevalence of comorbidity. The increased HRU in triptan users suggests greater migraine severity.
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- Cegelski, Lynette, et al.
(author)
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Small-molecule inhibitors target Escherichia coli amyloid biogenesis and biofilm formation
- 2009
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In: Nature Chemical Biology. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1552-4450 .- 1552-4469. ; 5:12, s. 913-919
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Curli are functional extracellular amyloid fibers produced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and other Enterobacteriaceae. Ring-fused 2-pyridones, such as FN075 and BibC6, inhibited curli biogenesis in UPEC and prevented the in vitro polymerization of the major curli subunit protein CsgA. The curlicides FN075 and BibC6 share a common chemical lineage with other ring-fused 2-pyridones termed pilicides. Pilicides inhibit the assembly of type1pili, which are required for pathogenesis during urinary tract infection. Notably, the curlicides retained pilicide activities and inhibited both curli-dependent and type 1–dependent biofilms. Furthermore, pretreatment of UPEC with FN075 significantly attenuated virulence in a mouse model of urinary tract infection. Curli and type 1pili exhibited exclusive and independent roles in promoting UPEC biofilms, and curli provided a fitness advantage in vivo. Thus, the ability of FN075 to block the biogenesis of both curli and type 1pili endows unique anti-biofilm and anti-virulence activities on these compounds.
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- Höglund, Linda, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Bias and temperature dependence of the escape processes in quantum dots-in-a-well infrared photodetectors
- 2008
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In: Applied Physics Letters. - New York : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 93:10, s. 103501-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The performance of quantum dots-in-a-well infrared photodetectors (DWELL IPs) has been studied by means of interband and intersubband photocurrent measurements as well as dark current measurements. Using interband photocurrent measurements, substantial escape of electrons from lower lying states in the DWELL structure at large biases was revealed. Furthermore, a significant variation in the escape probability from energy states in the DWELL structure with applied bias was observed. These facts can explain the strong temperature and bias dependence of both photocurrent and dark currents in DWELL IPs.
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