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- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2012
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- Gall, Kelly, et al.
(author)
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Obesity and emotional well-being in adolescents : Roles of body dissatisfaction, loss of control eating, and self-rated health
- 2016
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In: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381 .- 1930-739X. ; 24:4, s. 837-842
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectiveWeak or inconsistent association between obesity and impairment in emotional well-being in population-based samples has led to efforts to identify mediating variables. This study examined the relative importance of body dissatisfaction (BD), loss of control (LOC) eating, and self-rated health (SRH) in mediating the association between obesity and impairment in emotional well-being in a school-based sample of adolescents (boys, n=437; girls, n=950). MethodsModerated mediation analysis was employed to assess the relative importance of the putative mediating variables and moderation of mediation effects by sex following the methods suggested by Hayes and coworkers. ResultsBD and SRH, but not LOC eating, were found to mediate the association between obesity and impairment in emotional well-being. Stronger mediation effects were observed for BD than for SRH. None of these results was moderated by sex. ConclusionsThe findings suggest that it may be important to target BD in obesity prevention and treatment programs in order to reduce the adverse impact of excess body weight on young people's emotional well-being.
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- Lissåker, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Effects of a low oxygen environment on parental effort and filial cannibalism in the male sand goby, Pomatoschistus minutus : Low oxygen, parental effort, and filial cannibalism in the sand goby
- 2003
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In: Behavioral Ecology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1045-2249 .- 1465-7279. ; 14:3, s. 374-381
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In fish, brood cycling parental males sometimes eat some or all of their eggs, a behavior termed filial cannibalism. We tested predictions of filial cannibalism models related to the cost of parental care in the male sand goby, Pomatoschistus minutus, by increasing the parental effort (fanning expenditure) through reduced levels of dissolved oxygen to 39% in an experimental group, whereas a control group had fully saturated water. Males showed both full-clutch cannibalism and partial-clutch cannibalism in both treatments. Giving the males one to three females to spawn with, we found that small clutches were completely eaten more often than were larger ones, whereas partial-clutch cannibalism was not affected by clutch size. Although treatment did not affect filial cannibalism, it did affect a male's energy state such that males in the low oxygen treatment lost more body fat, indicating a greater fanning effort. This shows that males in the low oxygen treatment allocated more energy to the present brood, potentially at the expense of future reproductive success. Our study strongly suggests that filial cannibalism in male sand gobies represents a strategic life-history decision as an investment in future reproductive success, and is not triggered by a proximate need for food necessary for the male's own survival. Furthermore, males in the low oxygen treatment built nests with larger entrances, and were less likely to rebuild their nests after destruction. Presumably, this makes fanning easier but the nest more vulnerable to predators, suggesting a trade-off between fanning and nest defense.
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- Mora-Márquez, Ana Maria, 1978
(author)
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La discusión medieval sobre el significado primordial de la palabra : Medieval discussion on the primordial meaning of words
- 2016
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In: deSignis. - 1578-4223 .- 2462-7259. ; 25, s. 77-88
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the fourteenth century, Duns Scotus tells us about a debate about the primor - dial significate of words – whether it is a thing or a concept. The present article shows that the origin of the debate can be traced back to the first half of the thirteenth century; that initially the debate involves problems of different nature; and that towards the end of the century some masters narrow the use of the notion of signification so as to leave it an explanatory role only in the semiotic domain.
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- Obon-Santacana, Mireia, et al.
(author)
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Dietary Intake of Acrylamide and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort
- 2015
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In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 24:1, s. 291-297
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Acrylamide, classified in 1994 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as "probably carcinogenic" to humans, was discovered in 2002 in some heat-treated, carbohydrate-rich foods. The association between dietary acrylamide intake and epithelial ovarian cancer risk (EOC) has been previously studied in one case-control and three prospective cohort studies which obtained inconsistent results and could not further examine histologic subtypes other than serous EOC. The present study was carried out in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) subcohort of women (n = 325,006). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between questionnaire-based acrylamide intake and EOC risk. Acrylamide was energy-adjusted using the residual method and was evaluated both as a continuous variable (per 10 mu g/d) and in quintiles; when subgroups by histologic EOC subtypes were analyzed, acrylamide intake was evaluated in quartiles. During a mean follow-up of 11 years, 1,191 incident EOC cases were diagnosed. At baseline, the median acrylamide intake in EPIC was 21.3 mu g/d. No associations and no evidence for a dose-response were observed between energy-adjusted acrylamide intake and EOC risk (HR10 mu(g/d), 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96-1.09; HRQ5vsQ1, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.76-1.23). No differences were seen when invasive EOC subtypes (582 serous, 118 endometrioid, and 79 mucinous tumors) were analyzed separately. This study did not provide evidence that acrylamide intake, based on food intake questionnaires, was associated with risk for EOC in EPIC. Additional studies with more reliable estimates of exposure based on biomarkers may be needed.
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