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- Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Phthalates in indoor dust indoor and their association to building characteristics
- 2005
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In: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - : Environmental Health Perspectives. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 113:10, s. 1399-1404-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a recent study of 198 Swedish children with persistent allergic symptoms and 202 controls without such symptoms, we reported associations between the symptoms and the concentrations of n-butyl benzyl phthalate (BBzP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in dust taken from the childrens' bedrooms. In the present study we examined associations between the concentrations of different phthalate esters in the dust from these bedrooms and various characteristics of the home. The study focused on BBzP and DEHP because these were the phthalates associated with health complaints. Associations have been examined using parametric and nonparametric tests as well as multiple logistic regression. For both BBzP and DEHP, we found associations between their dust concentrations and the amount of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) used as flooring and wall material in the home. Furthermore, high concentrations of BBzP (above median) were associated with self-reported water leakage in the home, and high concentrations of DEHP were associated with buildings constructed before 1960. Other associations, as well as absence of associations, are reported. Both BBzP and DEHP were found in buildings with neither PVC flooring nor wall covering, consistent with the numerous additional plasticized materials that are anticipated to be present in a typical home. The building characteristics examined in this study cannot serve as complete proxies for these quite varied sources. However, the associations reported here can help identify homes where phthalate concentrations are likely to be elevated and can aid in developing mitigation strategies.
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- Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Potential selection biases
- 2005
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In: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 112, s. 1393-1397
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- Larsson, Malin, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Incidence rates of asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms and influential factors in young children in Sweden
- 2008
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In: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 97:9, s. 1210-1215
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To estimate the incidence rates for asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms and to investigate the importance of different influential factors for the incidence of these symptoms. Methods: The Dampness in Building and Health study commenced in the year 2000 in Värmland, Sweden with a parental questionnaire based on an ISAAC protocol to all children in the age of 1–6 years. Five years later a follow-up questionnaire was sent to the children that were 1–3 years at baseline. In total, 4779 children (response rate = 73%) participated in both surveys and constitute the study population in this cohort study. Results: The 5-year incidence of doctor-diagnosed asthma was 4.9% (95% CI 4.3–5.3), rhinitis was 5.7% (5.0–6.4) and eczema was 13.4% (12.3–14.5). However, incidence rates strongly depend on the health status of the baseline population. Risk factors for incident asthma were male gender and short period of breast-feeding. Allergic symptoms in parents were also a strong risk factor for incident asthma, as well as for rhinitis and eczema. Conclusion: When comparing incident rates of asthma between different studies it is important to realize that different definitions of the healthy baseline population will give rise to different incident rates.
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