| 1. |
- Elgåker, Hanna, et al.
(author)
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Horse riding posing challenges to the Swedish Right of Public Access
- 2012
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In: Land Use Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-8377 .- 1873-5754. ; 29, s. 274-293
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Increasing numbers of horses are being kept for sports and leisure purposes in peri-urban areas throughout the Western world. This expansion of the equestrian sector represents a multifunctional transition, with new production of rural goods and services and increasing influence on land use. In Sweden, the number of horses has increased from 70,000 to approximately 300,000 over the last 30 years. This increase is putting pressure on the traditional Right of Public Access, an old custom allowing the public to walk, cycle or ride on private or state-owned property. This paper analyses multifunctional land use in peri-urban areas in order to provide a deeper understanding of the potential conflicts arising due to the expanding equine sector and to assess how these can affect the Swedish right of public access and spatial planning. A survey of horse riders and landowners in three peri-urban regions of Sweden revealed that these groups differ in their attitudes towards the Right of Public Access. The data also showed that the expanding equine sector is generating new demands on rural areas and there are questions regarding how the current system of open accessibility can meet the increasing market for equestrian leisure activities. The main conclusion is that there seems to be a strong need for intervention and deliberate creation of new ways of handling the accessibility question, where both a bottom-up and top-down approach may be useful
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| 2. |
- Soam, Shveta, 1987-, et al.
(author)
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Life cycle assessment of fuel ethanol from sugarcane molasses in northern and western India and its impact on Indian biofuel programme
- 2015
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In: Energy Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0195-6574 .- 1944-9089. ; 83, s. 307-315
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- India's biofuel programme relies on the ethanol from molasses for blending into gasoline. Therefore, quantification of GHG (green house gas) emissions and the energy consumed during the process of ethanol production is desirable to help policy makers to take meaningful decisions. In order to establish the environmental impact of the biofuels, LCA (life cycle assessment) is conducted for 1 ton of fuel grade ethanol in the NR (northern region) and WR (western region) of India. Four different allocation approaches, WA (without any allocation), MA (mass allocation), EA (energy allocation) and MPA (market price allocation) are used to distribute emissions and energy consumption between the product and the co-products. Total GHG emissions are from 543.3 (−75.9%) to 8219.8 kg CO2-eq. (262.7%) in NR and 552.0 (−75.8%) to 7382.4 kg CO2-eq. (225.6%) with respect to gasoline. Similarly, the NER (net energy ratio) also varies with different allocation approaches and ranged from 0.38 to 3.39 in the NR and 0.48 to 4.23 in WR. Using MA approach, maximum GHG emissions reduction are, −75.9 and −75.8% and NER, 3.39 and 4.23 in NR and WR respectively indicates the environment and net energy benefits of fuel ethanol. It is observed that MA and EA approaches give more acceptable and real life results.
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| 3. |
- Del Chiaro, M, et al.
(author)
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European evidence-based guidelines on pancreatic cystic neoplasms
- 2018
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In: Gut. - : BMJ. - 1468-3288 .- 0017-5749. ; 67:5, s. 789-804
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Evidence-based guidelines on the management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN) are lacking. This guideline is a joint initiative of the European Study Group on Cystic Tumours of the Pancreas, United European Gastroenterology, European Pancreatic Club, European-African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, European Digestive Surgery, and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. It replaces the 2013 European consensus statement guidelines on PCN. European and non-European experts performed systematic reviews and used GRADE methodology to answer relevant clinical questions on nine topics (biomarkers, radiology, endoscopy, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN), serous cystic neoplasm, rare cysts, (neo)adjuvant treatment, and pathology). Recommendations include conservative management, relative and absolute indications for surgery. A conservative approach is recommended for asymptomatic MCN and IPMN measuring <40 mm without an enhancing nodule. Relative indications for surgery in IPMN include a main pancreatic duct (MPD) diameter between 5 and 9.9 mm or a cyst diameter ≥40 mm. Absolute indications for surgery in IPMN, due to the high-risk of malignant transformation, include jaundice, an enhancing mural nodule >5 mm, and MPD diameter >10 mm. Lifelong follow-up of IPMN is recommended in patients who are fit for surgery. The European evidence-based guidelines on PCN aim to improve the diagnosis and management of PCN.
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| 4. |
- Mishra, Nandita, et al.
(author)
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Predicting Financial Distress in the Indian Banking Sector: A Comparative Study Between the Logistic Regression, LDA and ANN Models
- 2021
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In: Global Business Review. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 0972-1509 .- 0973-0664.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Financial distress is a socially and economically significant issue that affects almost every firm across the world. Predicting financial distress in the banking industry can substantially aid in the reduction of losses and can help avoid misallocation of banks financial resources. Models for financial distress prediction of banks are being increasingly employed as important tools to identify early warning signals for the whole banking system. This study attempts to forecast the financial distress of commercial banks by developing a bankruptcy prediction model for banks. The sample size for the study is 75 Indian banks. Logistic, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and artificial neural network (ANN) models have been applied on the last 5 years (2015-2019) data of these banks. Data analysis results reveal the logistic and LDA models exhibiting similar prediction accuracy. The results of the ANN prediction model exhibit better prediction accuracy. It is expected that the results of this study will be useful for managers, depositors, regulatory bodies and shareholders to better manage their interests in the banking sector of the country.
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| 5. |
- Pepper, Simon, et al.
(author)
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The Management of Wild Deer in Scotland : Report of the Deer Working Group
- 2020
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- The Deer Working Group was established by the Scottish Government in 2017, as a result of the Government’s concern at the continuing issues over the standards of deer management in Scotland and the levels of damage to public interests caused by wild deer.The Group was appointed as an independent working group to review the existing statutory and non-statutory arrangements for the management of wild deer in Scotland, taking account of the position with each of the four species of wild deer in Scotland and the varying circumstances across Scotland.This Report is the result of the Group’s review and contains a wide range of recommendations to fulfil the Group’s remit to make recommendations for changes to ensure effective deer management that safeguards public interests and promotes the sustainable management of wild deer.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Smits, Hermelijn H, et al.
(author)
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Commensal Gram-negative bacteria prime human dendritic cells for enhanced IL-23 and IL-27 expression and enhanced Th1 development.
- 2004
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In: European journal of immunology. - : Wiley. - 0014-2980 .- 1521-4141. ; 34:5, s. 1371-80
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dendritic cells (DC) are the main orchestrators of specific immune responses. Depending on microbial information they encounter in peripheral tissues, they promote the development of Th1, Th2 or unpolarized Th cell responses. In this study we have investigated the immunomodulatory effect of non-pathogenic intestinal Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Bacteroides vulgatus,Veillonella parvula, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria on human monocyte-derived DC (moDC). None of the Gram-positive bacteria (GpB) primed for Th1 or Th2 development. In contrast, despite the low levels of IL-12 they induce, all Gram-negative bacteria (GnB) primed moDC for enhanced Th1 cell development, which was dependent on IL-12 and an additional unidentified cofactor. Strikingly, GnB-matured moDC expressed elevated levels of p19 and p28 mRNA, the critical subunits of IL-23 and IL-27, respectively, suggesting that the IL-12 family members may jointly be responsible for their Th1-driving capacity. Purified major cell wall components of either GnB or GpB did not yield Th cell profiles identical to those obtained with whole bacteria, and could not explain the induction of the IL-12 family members nor Th1 priming by GnB. Importantly, this study gives indications that the expression of the different IL-12 family members is dictated by different priming conditions of immature DC.
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| 8. |
- Smits, KM, et al.
(author)
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Association of metabolic gene polymorphisms with tobacco consumption in healthy controls
- 2004
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In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 110:2, s. 266-270
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Polymorphisms in genes that encode for metabolic enzymes have been associated with variations in enzyme activity between individuals. Such variations could be associated with differences in individual exposure to carcinogens that are metabolized by these genes. In this study, we examine the association between polymorphisms in several metabolic genes and the consumption of tobacco in a large sample of healthy individuals. The database of the International Collaborative Study on Genetic Susceptibility to Environmental Carcinogens was used. All the individuals who were controls from the case-control studies included in the data set with information on smoking habits and on genetic polymorphisms were selected (n = 20,938). Sufficient information was available on the following genes that are involved in the metabolism of tobacco smoke constituents: CYPIAI, GSTMI, GSTTI, NAT2 and GSTPI. None of the tested genes was clearly associated with smoking behavior. Information on smoking dose, available for a subset of subjects, showed no effect of metabolic gene polymorphisms on the amount of smoking. No association between polymorphisms in the genes studied and tobacco consumption was observed; therefore, no effect of these genes on smoking behavior should be expected.
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| 9. |
- Bacaicoa, Sara, 1995, et al.
(author)
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Redox Active N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Oxidative NHC Catalysis
- 2024
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In: ORGANIC LETTERS. - 1523-7060 .- 1523-7052. ; 26:15, s. 3114-3118
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) covalently linked to a quinone introduces a novel avenue for internal oxidations within oxidative NHC catalysis. The deployment of this hybrid NHC class promotes intramolecular electronic flow in the oxidation of the Breslow intermediate to acyl azolium. The use of the redox active NHC as a catalyst is facilitated by employing aerobic regeneration, yielding carboxylic esters with efficiencies of <= 99%, while generating water as the sole byproduct.
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| 10. |
- Dissanayake, M. A K L, et al.
(author)
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Effect of concentration and grain size of alumina filler on the ionic conductivity enhancement of the (PEO)9LiCF3SO3:Al2O3 composite polymer electrolyte
- 2003
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In: Journal of Power Sources. - 0378-7753.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nano-composite polymer electrolytes are receiving attention as potential candidates to be used as electrolyte membranes in lithium polymer batteries and other devices. However, a survey of literature reveals that a systematic study of the effect of concentration and surface area of ceramic fillers on the conductivity enhancement of micro- and nano-composite polymer electrolytes is lacking. In this work, we have studied the thermal and electrical properties of the composite polymer electrolyte (PEO)9LiCF3SO3 + Al2O3 incorporating alumina filler grains of four different sizes with different specific surface areas. The results show that the PEO crystallite melting temperature decreased by a few degrees in samples with fillers exhibiting a minimum for samples with high conductivity. The presence of the filler enhanced the ionic conductivity substantially above as well as below 60 °C, and the nano-porous alumina grains with 5.8 nm pore size and 150 m2/g specific area and 15 wt.% filler concentration exhibited the maximum enhancement. The observed conductivity enhancement has been attributed to Lewis acid-base type surface interactions of ionic species with O/OH groups on the filler surface, with an additional contribution below 60 °C coming from the retention of an increased fraction of the amorphous phase due to the presence of the filler. The conductivity versus filler concentration curves exhibit two conductivity maxima which has been explained in terms of the surface interactions, blocking effect and grain consolidation. The conductivity enhancement appears to saturate beyond 100 m2/g grain surface area. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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