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- Chang, Rene Wei-Jung, et al.
(författare)
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Precision Science on Incidence and Progression of Early-Detected Small Breast Invasive Cancers by Mammographic Features
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to evaluate how the inter-screening interval affected the performance of screening by mammographic appearances. This was a Swedish retrospective screening cohort study with information on screening history and mammography features in two periods (1977-1985 and 1996-2010). The pre-clinical incidence and the mean sojourn time (MST) for small breast cancer allowing for sensitivity by mammographic appearances were estimated. The percentage of interval cancer against background incidence (I/E ratio) was used to assess the performance of mammography screening by different inter-screening intervals. The sensitivity-adjusted MSTs (in years) were heterogeneous with mammographic features, being longer for powdery and crushed stone-like calcifications (4.26, (95% CI, 3.50-5.26)) and stellate masses (3.76, (95% CI, 3.15-4.53)) but shorter for circular masses (2.65, (95% CI, 2.06-3.55)) in 1996-2010. The similar trends, albeit longer MSTs, were also noted in 1977-1985. The I/E ratios for the stellate type were 23% and 32% for biennial and triennial screening, respectively. The corresponding figures were 32% and 43% for the circular type and 21% and 29% for powdery and crushed stone-like calcifications, respectively. Mammography-featured progressions of small invasive breast cancer provides a new insight into personalized quality assurance, surveillance, treatment and therapy of early-detected breast cancer.
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| 2. |
- Li, Chun-Hao, et al.
(författare)
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Uxorilocal marriage as a strategy for heirship in a patrilineal society : evidence from household registers in early 20th-century Taiwan
- 2020
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Ingår i: The History of the Family. - 1081-602X .- 1873-5398. ; 25:1, s. 22-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In pre-industrial Taiwan, an uxorilocal marriage, in which a man moved in with his bride's family, was a familial strategy used to continue family lineage and to enhance family farm labor. We examine the prevalence and circumstances in which a family would call in a man for one of their unmarried daughters. Using data from the Taiwan Historical Household Registers Database (THHRD) from 1906-1945, we identify the individual-level factors (including parental status, sibling status, household heads' occupations, and the capacity of the family labor force) and a community-level factor - the prevalence of uxorilocal marriages by region, which are predictive of uxorilocal marriages. Our analyses first show that women without siblings and women with only female siblings were more likely to adopt the uxorilocal form of marriage. In addition, the effects of siblings' status were moderated by the presence or absence of parents. For women without any male siblings with at least one parent, especially a father, residing in the household, the likelihood of having an uxorilocal marriage was higher than for those without any parents. Second, an uxorilocal marriage was less common in families with more young family members in the labor force to fulfill the manpower needed for farming. Third, uxorilocal marriage was more likely to occur in families living in the poorest socioeconomic conditions, especially those families in which household heads did not own land and had to sell their labor for agricultural production. Our findings imply that the adoption of uxorilocal marriage varied not only from place to place but also from time to time; it was conditioned by the modes and the means of labor production.
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