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- Dai, X W, et al.
(author)
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Pyrolysis of waste tires in a circulating fluidized-bed reactor
- 2001
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In: Energy. - 0360-5442 .- 1873-6785. ; 26:4, s. 385-399
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) as the main reactor, an integrated process development unit was operated aiming at the pyrolysis of waste tires. The main chemical processes in the CFB can be divided into two zones corresponding to pyrolysis and secondary reactions. The pyrolysis of tire powder was carried out at various pyrolysis temperatures, particle sizes of tire powder and feed positions. The effects of temperature, residence time and heating rate on pyrolysis were analyzed based on the experimental data. The main trends are that (1) a long residence time contributes to secondary reactions and (2) lower temperature and heating rate favor carbonization, which reduces the oil yield. Analysis of the pyrolytic oil shows that the predominant components are aromatics, followed by alkanes, non-hydrocarbons and asphalt.
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- MacDonald, Patrick, et al.
(author)
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Impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, enhanced IP insulin tolerance and increased {beta}-cell mass in mice lacking the p110{gamma} isoform of PI3-kinase.
- 2004
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In: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 145:9, s. 4078-4083
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3 kinase) has been implicated in G protein-coupled receptor regulation of pancreatic ß-cell growth and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The G protein-activated p110{gamma} isoform of PI3 kinase was detected in insulinoma cells, mouse islets, and human islets. In 7- to 10-wk-old mice, knockout of p110{gamma} reduced the plasma insulin response to ip glucose injection and impaired first and second phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreata perfused ex vivo. The p110{gamma} –/– mice responded to preinjection with the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exendin 4, such that plasma glucose and insulin responses to ip glucose injection were not different from wild types. Mice lacking p110{gamma} were not diabetic and were only slightly glucose intolerant (ip glucose injection) compared with wild types, in part due to enhanced responsiveness to insulin as determined by an ip insulin tolerance test. Despite severely reduced insulin secretion in these animals, the p110{gamma} –/– mice had greater pancreatic insulin content, and an increased ß-cell mass due to ß-cell hypertrophy. These surprising results suggest that the G protein-coupled p110{gamma} isoform of PI3 kinase is not central to the development or maintenance of sufficient ß-cell mass but positively regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
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- Zhang, Z. G, et al.
(author)
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Radiative properties of EuII and EuIII obtained from lifetime and branching ratio measurements
- 2000
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In: Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 33:3, s. 521-526
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Radiative lifetimes of nine levels in Eu II (4f(7)6p, 4f(6)5d6s and 4f(6)5d(2)) and Eu III (4f(6)5d) have been measured using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy on a laser-produced europium plasma. Oscillator strengths for a number of Eu II lines have been derived by combining the lifetimes with branching ratios measured in the emission spectrum of a hollow-cathode lamp.
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