| 1. |
- Maxwell, Karen L., et al.
(author)
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Protein folding : Defining a "standard" set of experimental conditions and a preliminary kinetic data set of two-state proteins
- 2005
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In: Protein Science. - : Wiley. - 0961-8368 .- 1469-896X. ; 14, s. 602-16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recent years have seen the publication of both empirical and theoretical relationships predicting the rates with which proteins fold. Our ability to test and refine these relationships has been limited, however, by a variety of difficulties associated with the comparison of folding and unfolding rates, thermodynamics, and structure across diverse sets of proteins. These difficulties include the wide, potentially confounding range of experimental conditions and methods employed to date and the difficulty of obtaining correct and complete sequence and structural details for the characterized constructs. The lack of a single approach to data analysis and error estimation, or even of a common set of units and reporting standards, further hinders comparative studies of folding. In an effort to overcome these problems, we define here a "consensus" set of experimental conditions (25°C at pH 7.0, 50 mM buffer), data analysis methods, and data reporting standards that we hope will provide a benchmark for experimental studies. We take the first step in this initiative by describing the folding kinetics of 30 apparently two-state proteins or protein domains under the consensus conditions. The goal of our efforts is to set uniform standards for the experimental community and to initiate an accumulating, self-consistent data set that will aid ongoing efforts to understand the folding process.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- De Nicola, G., et al.
(author)
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An experience in validating train control systems by a grey-box testing approach
- 2005
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In: Advances in Safety and Reliability - ESREL 2005. - Boca Raton : CRC Press. - 0415383420 - 9780415383424 - 9780415383400 ; , s. 1435-1442
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Systematic functional testing is a fundamental step of embedded control systems development cycle, as it allows to verify and validate their final implementation. Various approaches to black-box testing have been proposed, however they either involve test-case explosion or do not ensure the correctness of system behavior in scenarios not covered by system specifications. To cope with such issues, a methodology which better suits both complexity and safety-criticality of the target system is needed. This paper describes the ASF functional testing methodology, based on a grey-box approach aimed at generating and reducing an extensive set of influence variables and test-cases. The methodology, embracing different aspects of system test process (code coverage verification, regression testing, etc.), was successfully applied to validate the ASF implementation of SCMT (an Italian project for an Automatic Train Protection System). The results obtained in our testing experience proved the time effectiveness and extensive coverage of the proposed approach.
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| 4. |
- De Nicola, G, et al.
(author)
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ERTMS/ETCS : working principles and validation
- 2005
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In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Ship Propulsion and Railway Traction Systems, SPRTS. ; , s. 59-68
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 5. |
- Luck, Gary W., et al.
(author)
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Quantifying the Contribution of Organisms to the Provision of Ecosystem Services
- 2009
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In: BioScience. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0006-3568 .- 1525-3244. ; 59:3, s. 223-235
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research on ecosystem services has grown rapidly over the last decade. Two conceptual frameworks have been published to guide ecological assessments of organisms that deliver services-the concepts of service-providing units (SPUs) and ecosystem service providers (ESPs). Here, we unite these frameworks and present an SPU-ESP continuum that offers a coherent conceptual approach for synthesizing the latest developments in ecosystem service research, and can direct future studies at all levels of organization. In particular, we show how the service-provider concept call be applied tit the population, functional group, and community levels, We strongly emphasize the need to identify and quantify the organisms and their characteristics (e.g., functional traits) that provide services, and to assess service provision relative to the demands of human beneficiaries. We use key examples from the literature to illustrate the new approach and to highlight gaps in knowledge, particularly in relation to the impact of species interactions and ecosystem dynamics on service provision.
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