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- Ax, AK, et al.
(author)
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Cost effectiveness of high versus low-to-moderate intensity exercise during oncological treatment : The Phys-Can RCT
- 2022
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In: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background A cost-effectiveness analysis, considering both costs and health outcomes of interventions, are important for decision-making and implementation in the health care. Exercise during oncological treatment is beneficial for health and have been found to counteract side effects of treatment. The Swedish Phys-Can RCT compared a six-month exercise program combining supervised resistance training and homebased endurance training of high-intensity (HI) versus low-to-moderate intensity (LMI), with or without additional behaviour change support. At post intervention, HI yielded small improvements of fitness and physical fatigue compared with LMI. At 18 months, no differences were found in total costs between the intensities. However, knowledge of the cost effectiveness in exercise interventions with regard to intensity is limited. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of an exercise program at HI versus LMI during oncological treatment. Methods A cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken from a societal perspective for 18 months. 189 (n=99 HI and n=90 LMI) participants with breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer were included from the Phys-Can RCT. Health outcomes were measured as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), using EQ-5D-5L at baseline, six months and 18 months. Costs included the exercise intervention, health care utilisation and productivity loss. Results At 18 months, the total cost per participant did not differ significantly between HI (€27,314) and LMI exercise (€29,788). There was no significant difference in health outcome between the intensities. On average HI generated 1.190 (SD = 0.223) QALYs and LMI 1.185 (SD = 0.211) QALYs for 18 months, meaning HI led to an additional 0.005 QALYs. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) indicates that HI was more effective and saved costs compared with LMI. Conclusions The uncertainty around the ICER was large, however our results indicates that HI exercise was cost-effective compared to LMI exercise at longer term since there was lower total costs per QALY gained. Thus, we suggest that exercise with its health benefits may be implemented regardless of intensity.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, M-l, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of an individually tailored smoking-cessation intervention for patients with rheumatoid arthritis in an outpatient clinic
- 2023
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0300-9742 .- 1502-7732. ; 52:6, s. 591-600
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate an individually tailored smoking-cessation intervention delivered in rheumatology care and compare the characteristics of patients who quit smoking with those who did not.Method: This was an open single-group prospective intervention study over 24 months, with assessments at baseline and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Current smokers with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were invited to a smoking-cessation programme including behavioural change support, with or without pharmacotherapy. Data on disease activity, medical treatment, and patient-reported outcomes were retrieved from the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients at month 24 who reported having quit smoking with self-reported 7 day smoking abstinence.Results: In total, 99 patients participated in the study. Median age was 58 years (interquartile range 50-64); 69% were female and 88% rheumatoid factor and/or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide positive. At 24 months, 21% of the patients had quit smoking. At 6, 12, and 18 months, 12%, 12%, and 14% of patients, respectively, had quit smoking. For patients still smoking at 24 months, the median number of cigarettes per day was significantly reduced from 12 to 6 (p <= 0.001). Among patients who had quit smoking at 24 months, a smaller proportion reported anxiety at baseline compared to those still smoking (28% vs 58%, p = 0.02).Conclusion: A smoking-cessation intervention including behavioural change support with or without pharmacotherapy can be helpful for a substantial number of RA patients. Anxiety is associated with lower smoking-cessation success rates.
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- Strandberg, E., et al.
(author)
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Effects of heavy-load resistance training during (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy on muscle cellular outcomes in women with breast cancer
- 2021
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In: Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0025-7974 .- 1536-5964. ; 100:10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: (Neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer has a deleterious impact on muscle tissue resulting in reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, skeletal muscle mass and function. Physical exercise during treatment may counteract some of these negative effects. However, the effects of resistance training (RT) alone have never been explored. The present study aims to investigate if heavy-load RT during (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy counteracts deleterious effects on skeletal muscle in women diagnosed with breast cancer. We hypothesize that (neo-)adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy will reduce muscle fiber size, impair mitochondrial function, and increase indicators of cellular stress and that RT during treatment will counteract these negative effects. We also hypothesize that RT during (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy will increase muscle and blood levels of potential antitumor myokines and reduce treatment-related side effects on muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. Methods: Fifty women recently diagnosed with breast cancer scheduled to start (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy will be randomized to either randomized to either intervention group or to control group. The intervention group will perform supervised heavy-load RT twice a week over the course of chemotherapy (approximately 16-weeks) whereas the control group will be encouraged to continue with their usual activities. Muscle biopsies from m. vastus lateralis will be collected before the first cycle of chemotherapy (T0), after chemotherapy (T1), and 6 months later (T2) for assessment of muscle cellular outcomes. The primary outcome for this study is muscle fiber size. Secondary outcomes are: regulators of muscle fiber size and function, indicators of cellular stress and mitochondrial function, myokines with potential antitumor effects, muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been obtained from the Regional Ethical Review Board in Uppsala, Sweden (Dnr:2016/230/2). Results will be disseminated through presentations at scientific meetings, publications in peer-reviewed journals, social media, and patient organizations.
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